POLYCARBONATED STABATIZED METAL NANOPARTICLES AND THEIR

APPLICATIONS.
WHAT IS NANOPARTICLE
A nanoparticle is a small particle that ranges between 1 to 100 nanometres in size. Undetectable
by the human eye, nanoparticles can exhibit significantly different physical and chemical
properties to their larger material counterparts.
Owing to their very small size, nanoparticles have a very large surface area to volume ratio when
compared to bulk material, such as powders, plate and sheet. This feature enables nanoparticles
to possess unexpected optical, physical and chemical properties, as they are small enough to
confine their electrons and produce quantum effects.
NANOTECNLOGY IN FOOD SCIENCE
What are the Uses and Applications of Nanoparticles?

Nanomaterials can occur naturally, be created as the by-products of combustion reactions, or be

produced purposefully through engineering to perform a specialised function.
the use of nanomaterials spans across a wide variety of industries, from healthcare and
cosmetics to environmental preservation and air purification.
The healthcare field, for example, utilises nanomaterials in a variety of ways, with one major use
being drug delivery.
What is PTMC
Poly(trimethylene carbonate) (PTMC), its copolymers, and its
derivatives are extensively studied for biomedical applications.
PTMC can be prepared by a ring-opening polymerization (ROP)
of trimethylene carbonate (TMC) using both conventional
organometallic catalysts and emerging organocatalysts.5, 6
Currently, TMC is also regarded as a bio-based monomer since
the starting material 1,3-propanediol can be derived from
carbohydrates and some of the carbonylation reagents used to
close the ring are potentially produced from carbon dioxide.7-9
PTMC is a hydrophobic non-crystalline polymer with glass
transition temperature (Tg) around ㎘ 20°C.10, 11 Therefore,
PTMC is usually used as a soft material in a scaffold application
for soft tissue regeneration and as a hydrophobic segment of
amphiphilic block copolymers for drug delivery. The unique
degradation behavior of PTMC such as resistance to non-
enzymatic hydrolysis, generation of non-acidic degradation
products, and enzymatic degradation with a surface erosion
mechanism12 opens a new window for applications in
biomedical devices that could never be achieved with aliphatic
polyesters. For instance, slow degradation prolongs its
lifetime, non-acidic degradation products reduce the risk of
adverse reactions in in vivo applications, and the mechanical
properties of the polymer tend to be maintained with surface
erosion.12
What are nanomaterials?
Nanomaterials are defined as materials with at least one external dimension in the size range from
approximately one to 100 nanometers. Nanoparticles are objects with all three external dimensions at the
nanoscale.1 Nanoparticles that are naturally occurring (e.g. volcanic ash or soot from forest fires) or are the
incidental byproducts of combustion processes (e.g. welding, diesel engines) are usually physically and
chemically heterogeneous, and are often termed ultrafine particles.
Engineered nanoparticles are intentionally produced and designed with very specific properties related to
shape, size, surface properties, and chemistry. These properties are reflected in aerosols, colloids, or powders.
Often, the behavior of nanomaterials may depend more on surface area than particle composition
itself. Relative surface area is one of the principal factors that enhance reactivity, strength, and electrical
properties.
Engineered nanoparticles may be bought from commercial vendors or generated via experimental procedures
by lab researchers. Examples of engineered nanomaterials include carbon buckeyballs or fullerenes, carbon
nanotubes, metal or metal oxide nanoparticles (e.g. gold or titanium dioxide), and quantum dots, among
many others.