Applications of Nanomaterials

Nowadays Nanomaterials are highly being used because it has significant role to increase the
portability, stability, selectivity and sensitivity of sensors and analytical measurement
technologies.

IN MEDICINE

Researchers are developing customized nanoparticles in the field of medical

application to deliver drugs to specific cells. Due to nanotechnology, there
is a great reduction in damage treatment such as chemotherapy. Nanotechnology and
Nanomaterial Applications in Food, Health, and Biomedical Sciences
research that involves the use of nanorobots, which work at the cellular
level sometimes referred to as nanomedicine.

IN ENERGY PRODUCTION

Advances in nanotechnology directed to energy saving and energy production

by creating storage system, intermediate conversion system, manufacturing
development by minimizing materials and process rates, and enhanced
renewable energy sources.

IN ELECTRONICS

Nanotechnology helping to improve data memory, improved high-definition

television (HDTV) and LCD monitors, laser diodes, glass fibers, filters,
conductive and antistatic coatings. A memory chip that uses CNTs can
be applied instead of high-density flash memory chips. Single-atom thick
graphene film can build high-speed transistors.

IN ENVIRONMENT

In propylene oxide used manufacturing plant; the polluting by-products can

be checked using a catalyst of silver nanoclusters. Propylene oxide applied to
produce plastics, paint, detergents, and brake fluid, clearing volatile organic
compounds from air, organic chemicals in groundwater. Nanotechnology
developed the efficient and cheap water purification systems, which permits
only water molecules through it

IN DEFENSE
Nanomaterials with nano design provide larger strength for bullet shielding
which is much more effective, lightweight, and resistant to chemical and
biological attacks. Nanomaterials also reduce the rotor vibration, improving
the performance of helicopter rotors. Lightweight solar sails using CNT
can use the sunlight to propel the spacecraft up to long range, which is a
future solution for fuel energy.

IN MANUFACTURING

Now a day researchers are trying to develop nano steel. Arcelor Mittal is
producing nanoparticle content steel to produce thinner gauge, lighter beams,
and plates with a lower cost. These steel beams and steel plates are approxi-
mately same weight as Al. CNT embedded materials are more interesting to
use in many structural devices. Buckyball is the lightweight nanomaterials,
used for making badminton racquets which gives greater hitting power and
stability.

IN CONSUMER PRODUCTS

Nanoparticle minerals used in sunscreen gives longer stability with better

biocompatibility, which can strongly block UV rays fall on the skin. Nano-
sized TiO and ZnO are applied in most of the sunscreens, as their absorption and reflection
2 2
capacity is very high.

IN CONSTRUCTION

Nanotechnology is the pillar to construct strengthen and safer structure much

more quickly with lowering the cost. Thin film on the glass is an important
material for developing chromogenic-systems (electrochromic, thermo-
chromic, photochromic, and gas chromic) on the walls, doors, and windows.
Here nanotechnology utilized to give an effective solution by blocking the
incoming light and heat through the glass.

IN AGRICULTURE

A huge development occurs in agriculture and food industries due to the

application of nanotechnology from production, processing to waste treat-
ment. Herbicides, chemicals, or genes contain nanoparticles (magic bullets)
can target specific parts of plants to discharge their content.

IN CHEMICAL
Catalytic activity depends on the contact surface area. As the higher relative
surface area of nanomaterials, the catalytic effect will be higher. Nano-
materials have higher chemical reactivity with other chemicals. Platinum
nanoparticles are used in automotive catalytic converters due to the higher
surface area of nanoparticles can decrease the required platinum amount