Bell Work – Question of the Day!

• Thinking of the Cell

Cycle, what phase is the
cell in for most of its life
cycle? Interphase

• What major event

occurs during the S
Phase?
A. Mitosis
B. Cell Growth
C. DNA Replication
D. Cytokinesis
Unit 3 Review

• After the nucleus and the cell divide, the daughter cells
will move into what phase?
A. The Cell Cycle
B. Mitosis
C. Cytokinesis
D. Interphase
• DNA is replicated during which of these stages?
A.
B. S
C.
D. Metaphase II

• Why is INTERPHASE the longest phase of the Cell Cycle?

-REPLICATION of DNA… so the 2 daughter cells will have the
correct # of chromosomes.
-GROWTH in two steps: G1 and G2
-The cell is doing its normal work (whatever its job is in the body!)
If a cell goes through mitosis, how do the 2 new daughter cells
compare to the parent cell?
A. They are similar, but not identical
B. They are identical, but not similar
C. They are identical to the parent cell
D. They have ½ the number of chromosomes as the parent cell

If a cell with 24 chromosomes goes through mitosis, how many

chromosomes will each daughter cell have?
E. 48 C. 46
F. 12 D. 24
• Which of the following are human somatic cells?
I. Gametes
II. Sex cells
III. Skin cells
IV. Blood cells
V. Bone cells

A. I and II
B. III only
C. III and IV
D. III, IV and V
What kind of human cells are normally produced from Mitosis?
A. Gametes
B. Reproductive cells
C. Somatic cells
D. Cancer cells

What kind of human cells are produced from Meiosis?

E. Gametes
F. Body cells
G. Somatic cells
H. Sex cells
• In mitosis and cytokinesis, _____ cells are produced from each
parent cell.
A. 2
B. 4
C. 23
D. 46
• During Interphase, DNA
A. Is eliminated from the cell
B. Replicates, creating an identical set of DNA
C. Is split in half so that each new cell will have a set
D. Nothing happens to the DNA in interphase. It occurs in
Prophase.
SOMATIC CELL Body cells
--Another term for SOMATIC cells is…
4 46
--Human somatic cells have ______ chromosomes

48 --Somatic cells look (identical to/different from)

the parent cell they came from…
8
--If two daughter cells have 12 chromosomes each,
Mitosis
4 4 how many chromosomes did the original cell have?
12
--Body cells go through mitosis for…
Growth & Repair
--Another term for sperm and egg is…gametes

23
--Human gametes have ______ chromosomes

--Gametes look (identical to/different from)

the parent cell they came from…

--If four daughter cells have 12 chromosomes each,

how many chromosomes did the original cell have?
24
--Cells go through meiosis for…
Sexual reproduction
Somatic cells have 2 homologous sets of chromosomes, so
the cell is described as being:
A. Haploid
B. Diploid
C. Mitotic
D. Meiotic
• How does cytokinesis in animal cells differ from plant cells?
A. Plant cells pinch inward & animal cells form a cell plate
down the middle.
B. Animal cells pinch inward & plant cells form a cell plate
down the middle.

New CW forming in middle

Gametes produced by meiosis have ____ chromosomes as the parent cell.
a. Twice as many
b. Three times as many
c. Half as many
d. The same number

A cell having half of the number of chromosomes as the parent cell is

called:
a. Haploid
b. Diploid
c. Mitotic
d. Meiotic
A zygote has 8 chromosomes. The cells from which the zygote was
formed each have --- chromosomes.
a. 4
b. 8
c. 2
d. 1
e. 16
A diploid cell in a buffalo has 60 chromosomes. A gamete in a buffalo can be
expected to have
a. 60 chromosomes
b. 120 chromosomes
c. 30 chromosomes
d. 15 chromosomes
Crossing over of chromosomes in meiosis provides the gametes
with
a. More chromosomes
b. Independent assortment
c. A full set of chromosomes
d. New combinations of traits in the sex cells

Sexual Reproduction: Variety of traits / Asexual Reproduction:___.

A. No traits
B. Identical traits
C. Crossing over of traits
D. Lots of traits
• Independent Assortment ensures that:
A. The daughter cells produced from mitosis are identical
B. The daughter cells produced from meiosis are identical
C. The daughter cells produced from mitosis are unique
D. The daughter cells produced from meiosis are unique
• Independent Assortment is:
A. The separating of homologous pairs of chromosomes during
meiosis
B. The separating of homologous pairs of chromosomes during
mitosis
C. The joining of chromatids during Prophase I of meiosis
D. The joining of chromatids during Prophase I of mitosis
The process of a sperm joining an egg is called _____ and
produces a cell that is called a ____.
A. Meiosis; zygote
B. Mitosis; baby
C. Gametogenesis; gamete
D. Fertilization; zygote
Unit 4 – Human Growth and Fetal
Development
• SC.912.L.16.13 Describe the basic anatomy and physiology of the
human reproductive system. Describe the process of human
development from fertilization to birth and major changes that
occur in each trimester of pregnancy.
 DATE
OUR GOAL
• To identify parts & functions (anatomy & physiology)
TODAY:
of the MALE AND FEMALE reproductive system.

WHAT YOU
WILL NEED:

AT THE
BELL
 A Reminder: MEIOSIS
Fem MALES
ales
MEIOSIS MEIOSIS

Ovaries TESTES
Eggs w/ Haploid # = Sperm w/ Haploid # =
23 chromosomes
Fertilization 23 chromosomes

ZYGOTE
with 46 chromosomes
 Unit 4: Part 1 - Male & Female Reproductive Systems

gametes
1. MEIOSIS produces ___________ (Male
sperm
___________/Female egg
________)
Haploid
2. Gametes contain the _____________ number of
(23)
chromosomes _________
Fertilization
3. __________________ = the joining of a
sperm and an egg.
Zygote
4. Forming a one-celled ________________
5. The zygote (developing baby) has the

Diploid number of chromosomes ____

__________ (46)
Let’s learn some basic male & female
anatomy and find out how a zygote
develops!
 Human Sperm  Size of SPERM
= .003 inches =
Width of HUMAN
A normal male can produce: HAIR
1. 1000 sperm/second
2. 100 million sperm a day
3. 2 trillion/lifetime

Abnormal sperm:
There are 800 tubules tightly coiled within
each testicle which make sperm.
 • A sperm's journey from vagina to egg is only ~15 centimeters.
• There are about 200 million sperm in each ejaculate, but only
about 2 million sperm make it through the cervix.
• Out of the
approximately 1,000
sperm that enter the
Fallopian tube, only
about 200 reach the egg.
• The rest get attacked by
the female’s body, get
stuck or just give out and
die.

• Out of those 200, only 1

enters the egg to fertilize
it.
 HUMAN EGGS
1 million eggs in ovaries at birth

300,000-400,000 survive until

puberty of those 300/400 are
released during ovulation.

• Once per month, one egg is released

2008 1st ever
by a process called ovulation: photo of ovulation
1. An egg (ovum) lives only 12 - 24
hours after leaving the ovary
2. Fertilization occurs in the fallopian
0.0005 inches
tube after ovulation
 LABEL The MALE Reproductive System
Letter/STRUCTURE FUNCTION

• C Scrotum
_____ Pouch containing testicles

• B Testes
_____ Produce sperm and male hormones
(Testicles)
Urethra Seminal
_____ Epididymis Coiled tubes where sperm cells
•D mature Penis
Vesicle

• E Vas Deferens
_____ transport mature sperm to the urethra H Prostate

• G Seminal
_____ Produces semen - protects and Vas deferens
Vesicle provides energy for sperm
Epididymis
• F Prostate Gland Produces semen - provides energy
_____
for sperm
• A Urethra
_____ Tube that transports sperm & urine Testicles Scrotum

• H Penis
_____ Organ for reproduction and release of
urine
 LABEL The Female Reproductive System
Uterus
Letter/STRUCTURE FUNCTION

•_____
C Ovaries Production of ovum (egg) Fallopian Fallopian
Tube Tube

•_____
D Fallopian Tubes (oviduct); transports egg to
uterus
•E
_____ Uterus Houses growing fetus

Small opening between

_____ Cervix vagina and uterus Ovary Ovary
•B Cervix

muscular passageway for

_____ Vagina reproduction and birth
•A
Vagina
  DATE
OUR GOAL • To trace the pathway of egg and sperm
TODAY:

WHAT YOU
WILL NEED:

AT THE
BELL:
 Identify the Structures
Seminal Vesicle
___________________7.

Prostate Gland
____________________________6.
Penis
_________________5
Vas Deferens
1.___________________________ .
Urethra
__________________4
.
Testes/Testicles
2.__________________________________
Scrotum
_________________3
.
PATHWAY OF SPERM

4 Add
fluid
to
5 make
6 Semen
3

2
1
Scrotum
 Identify the Structures
Uterus
___________________5.

1. Fallopian Tube
______________
Fallopian Tube
_______________1.
(oviduct)

Ovary
2. _____________ Ovary
______________2.

Cervix
______________4.

Vagina
_______________3.
PATH OF EGG if NO
3. Uterus 3.2.
fertilization occurs

Ovary
1. Ovary
4. Ovary
1.

4. Cervix

5.