Significance of Arts from the

Regions
Purpose of the Painting Impact on Society
Significance of Regional Arts
In different regions in the Philippines, Visual art is
everywhere, as long as there are available
resources, imagination and creativity.

The Philippines has rich natural resources that

produce indigenous materials; such as timbers,
palms, clay and rattan.

Other indigenous raw materials such as Capiz,

pearls, corals and seashells are all available
because the Philippines is naturally abundant in
beaches and marine resources.
Important Points

1. Contemporary Art - contemporary art is the art of

today and produced in the second half of the 20th
century or in the 21st century.

2. Art Technique - It is the artist’s skill or ability to

apply procedures or methods so as to effect a desired
result.

3. Performance Practice – performance practice

applies to the technique employed in musical genres
during specific musical eras.
Regional Art
Their Evolution, Influences and Impact on Culture
Sculpture
Pre-Spanish Period Art
 Theancient Filipinos had attained a high artistic
level of sculpture through pottery, jewelry and
wood carving.

Ancient Filipinos used stone, wood, gold and

clay as materials in sculpture.

Most subjects in this era were all about idols,

nature, status and way of life.
Bul - Ul/Bulul
Bul-uls are carved statues
or anitos figures of the
Ifugaos It is used in
ceremonies associated with
rice production and with
healing.

The bul-uls has a

simplified form, and it is
traditionally carved from
narra or ipil woods or
sometimes stone.
Hagabi
The Hagabi is a long
wooden bench made
of Narra or Ipil.
It signifies an
individual or family’s
wealth and prestige.
Only rich people can
have this chair with
the rituals celebrated
after the chair has
been made.
Sarimanok
 the Sarimanok is a
legendary bird of the
Maranao people from
Mindanao

 According to a folk
belief of the Maranao
people, the sarimanok
was a giant rooster
which the Prophet
Muhammad
encountered in heaven.
Okir
The Okir uses
geometric and
flowing plant based
and Folk motifs that
can be usually found
among the Moro and
Lumad people of the
Southern Philippines
Spanish Period
The carving of Anitos; images of the
native religion, was replaced by the
carving of Santos and images of Christ.

During this period, indigenous materials

were still used in sculpture but ivory and
marble were introduced.
 Higantes of Agono, Rizal
Higantes are giant
paper maché images
measuring four to
five feet in diameter
and ten to twelve feet
in height.
 Sculptures of Paete, Laguna
The name “Paete” is
derived from the
Tagalog word paet,
which means chisel.
Taka of Paete
Taka refers to paper
maché made using
carved wooden
sculpture used as a
mold.
Parol/Giant Lanterns of Pampanga
The parol of star lantern is perhaps the
paramount of Filipino Christmas symbol.
The Christmas lantern or Parul
Sampernandun in Pampanga can never
be distanced from the town created it, the
City of San Fernando.
Parol/Giant Lanterns of Pampanga
Sanicula Cookie Moulds of Pampanga
The cookie mould has intricate
embroidered-like design that was shaped
in a hand carved wooden mold creates a
beautiful unique Panecillos de San
Nicolas.
Sanicula Cookie Moulds of Pampanga
 Singkaban or Bamboo Art

Singkaban is a
Filipino word for
decorated bamboo
arch used as a
welcome signage of a
town, city, or village
in the country.
Pabalat or Borlas de Pastillas of
Bulacan The Pabalat or
Borlas de Pastillas in
bulacan are wrapped
with decorative
wrappers.
 The Puni or Palm Leaf of Bulacan
Puni is a tagalog term
from the province of
Bulacan which
means to beautify or
decorate with the use
of coconut leaf.
Paintings
Pre – Spanish Painting
The Ancient Filipinos had expressed
paintings through cave carvings and
tattoos.

They also used tattoos as status symbols

and as a way to identify what the deeds
and achievements a person with a tatoo
had made
Agono Petroglyphs
Consists of 127 human and animal figures
engraved on the rock wall probably
carved during the late new stone age.
Agono Petroglyphs
Pintados/Tatoo Art
The Pintados (from
Spanish word Pintado
meaning painted)
are inhabitants of the
Visayan islands.

The men are known

for their tattoo art,
which covers most of
their bodies.
Spanish Period
During this period, the Spanish used
paintings as religious propaganda to
spread Christianity throughout the
Philippines.

As a result, religious paintings and the

creation of icons were strongly
encouraged.
Religious Art Social Art

Art Styles During the Spanish Period

American Period - Present
In the early 19th century, rich, educated
Filipinos introduced more secular Filipino
art causing art in the Philippines to
deviate from religious motifs.

The use of watercolour paintings

increased and the subject matter of
paintings began to include landscapes.
Landscapes

 In the early 19th century introduced more secular

Filipino art causing art in the Philippines to deviate
from religious motifs.
 WW2 era Art

During World War II, painters focused their artwork

on the effects of war, including war, destruction, and
the suffering of Filipino people.
Weaving
Pre – Spanish Period
Before Spanish colonization, native
Filipinos weaved using fibers from abaca,
cotton, and bark cloth.

Textiles, clothes, rugs, and hats were

weaved using these materials as well as
their respective techniques.
Pinilian Blanket of Ilocos
A typeof binakul
weave that means
“chosen”

Uses a complicated
brocade weave where
sticks are inserted on
chosen warp threads.
Ikat of Ifugao
A resist-dyeing
technique that is
applied to the
cotton yarns

A mix of
indigenous plants is
used as natural dyes
 T’nalak of T’boli
T’nalak, is a weaving
tradition people of
South Cotobato.

T’nalak cloths are

woven from abaca
fibers.
Tabih of Blaan
Tabih is the term for
the finished hand
woven cloth and it
also refers to the
traditional Blaan
tubular skirt.
Pottery
Pre-Spanish Period
Native Filipinos created pottery since
3500 years ago. They used these ceramic
jars to hold the deceased and decorated
with anthropomorphic designs.

During the new Stone Age or Neolithic

period of the country, pottery was made
for water vessels, plates, cups, and for
many other uses.
Manunggul Jar
This was used for
burial, topped with
two figures.

A national treasure of
the Philippines, the
jar was found in the
chamber of the Tabon
cave.
Kalinga Pottery
The Kalinga pottery is
divided into three
types:
1. Ittoyom: used for
rice cooking.
2. Oppaya: used in
cooking vegetable
and meat.
3. Immosso: used as
water storage.
Contemporary Period
Philippine pottery has evolved from ritual
and community wares to highly
sophisticated and elegant artistic pieces
with a variety of shape, designs, and uses
of glazes.
Architecture
Pre-Spanish Period
Early Filipinos had no formal training in
the basic forms of design and yet were
able to create something valid and
functional, A style which exists to this
day.

Filipino buildings during this period are

used primarily as shelters, and meeting
places/assemblies.
Bahay Kubo/Nipa Hut
Nipa huts were the
native houses of the
indigenous people
These structures were
temporary, made
from plant materials
like bamboo.
Bahay na Bato/Stone House (Spanish
Period)
 The Bahay-na-bato was
constructed out of brick and
stone rather than the
traditional bamboo, timbre
and other wooden materials.

 Itis a mixture of native

Filipino, Spanish and
Chinese influences.
American Period Architecture

Designed in the most respectable

manner, these Government/Private
buildings resembled Greek or Roman
architecture.
Contemporary Architectural Design

Contemporary architecture includes eco-

friendly features and embracing all kinds of
creativity.
Music
Pre-Spanish Music
They use bamboo canes, palm leaves and
barks of trees to write their songs.

Even their instruments were made of

bamboo and wood, which indicated their
primitiveness.

Religion and social life were the common

functions of the ancient music.
Kulintang

Used in special ceremonies such as weddings,

feasts and enthroning rites.
Gandingan
Used to warn others
of nearing danger, to
relay messages of
love and to act as
markers for when
couples wish to
elope.
Diw-diw & Kalaleng

Both wind instruments made of bamboo reed,

of the Tinguians were also used as instruments
for courtship.
Kutibeng & Kudyapi

Stringed instruments, are also used in feasts

and in spirit and nature worship.
Spanish Period
Hispanic influence in Filipino culture is
ubiquitous.

This influence can be easily seen in folk

and traditional music, especially in the
Tagalog and Visayan regions
 Rondalla
a traditional
string orchestra
comprising of
two-string,
mandolin-type
instruments such
as
◦ Banduria
◦ Laud; a guitar
◦ Double Bass
◦ Drums
Harana & Kundiman
Lyrical songs dating
back to the Spanish
period, both are
customarily used in
courtship rituals.
Sarswela

A large body of music consisting of songs

patterned after opera arias as well as short
instrumental overtures and interludes
American Period
American lifestyle and pop culture gave rise
to music created by Filipinos using western
pop forms.
Referred to as Pinoy pop, it includes a wide
range of forms:
◦ Dance Tunes
◦ Ballads
◦ Rock’ N’ Roll,
◦ Disco
◦ Jazz
◦ Rap
Dance
Traditional Filipino Folk Dances
Philippines has many popular folk dances
which have evolved and changed from
generation to generation

Filipino danced to appease the Gods, to

curry favor from powerful spirits, to
celebrate a hunt or harvest, to mimic the
exotic life forms around them.
Itik-Itik

The dance steps of the Itik-itik, from the

filipino word “duck”, imitates the movements
of a duck.
Tinikling

This dance imitates the movement of the

“tikling” bird as it walks around through tall
grasses and between tree branches.
Sayaw sa Banko

 The dancers perform on top of a narrow bench that

is normally six inches wide. Performers need to
balance as they go through a series of movements
that include some impressive acrobatics.
 Maglalatik
It is a mock war
dance that depicts a
fight over coconut
meat.
The dancers put four
or six coconut shell
halves and are
secured onto the
dancers’ hands and
on vest
Cariñosa

Originating in the Panay Islands, it is a

courtship dance that portrays acts of flirtation
between man and woman
POINTS TO CONSIDER