LOCAL

GOVERNMENT
UNITS
–Are these so-called LGU’s as
essential as the three
branches of the government?
–Do these LGU’s play a
pivotal role in terms of
governance?
Activity 1: Arrange Me!

– YETCSERA = SECRETARY
–YNICULMIAPIT =
MUNICIPALITY
–MAYOR = YMARO
–USERTRAER = TREASURER
–YANBARGA = BARANGAY
–CVIE RAYOM = VICE MAYOR
Activity 1: Arrange Me!

–NCEPVORI =
PROVINCE
–VRGERNO =
GOVERNOR
–SSERSSAO = ASSESSOR
–YITC = CITY
Fig. 1. Hierarchy of
Authority following
the Unitary System of
government.
The Province
Nature, and Role of the Local
Government Units
–As per the Local Government Code,
Title IV, Chapter I, Section 459,a
province “composed of cluster of
municipalities, or municipalities and
component cities
–The manner of its creation, according
to Section 460 of the same title and
chapter, depends upon an Act of the
Congress
–A province could not become a province
unless it satisfies the population requirement
of not less than 250,000 inhabitants as
certified by the Philippine Statistics Authority
or in general
–a contiguous territory with an area of at least
2,000 square kilometers as certified by the
Bureau of Lands Management and a
Department of Finance-certified annual
income of not less than 20,000,00000 pesos
–The provincial officials are either elected or appointed
–The Provincial Governor, Vice-governor and members
of the Provincial Council occupy elective posts
–The officials who hold an appointive post are the
following: Secretary to the Sangguniang
Panlalawigan, the provincial treasurer, assessor,
accountant, engineer, budget officer, planning and
development coordinator, legal officer, provincial
administrator, heath officer, social welfare and
development officer, general services officer,
agriculturist and a provincial veterinarian.
–In addition to these, the Provincial
Governor has the option to appoint a
population officer, a natural resources
and environment officer, a provincial
cooperative officer, a provincial
architect, and a provincial information
officer.
The
Municipality
Nature, and Role of the Local
Government Units
– According to Title II, Chapter 1, Section 440, a “municipality, consisting of a
group of barangays”
– “serves primarily as a general purpose government for the coordination and
delivery of basic, regular and direct services and effective governance of the
inhabitants within its territorial jurisdiction.”
– a municipality may be “created, divided, merged, abolished or its boundary
substantially altered only by an Act of Congress.”
– its creation is subject to the satisfaction of a population requirement of at least
25000 inhabitants as certified by the Philippine Statistics Authority
– territorial requirement of at least 50 square kilometers on a contiguous scale
as certified by the Bureau of Lands Management;
– annual income requirement of 2,500,00000 pesos as certified by the
Provincial Treasurer
– This municipality could only function well with the presence of its
officials who are either elected or appointed
– They are the Mayor, Vice-mayor, and the members of the
Sangguniang Bayan (Municipal Council) who hold elective
positions
– Those who are appointed are the Municipal Secretary, Treasurer,
Assessor, Civil Registrar, Engineer/ Building Official, COMELEC
officer, Accountant, Budget Officer, Planning and Development
Coordinator, and Health officer
–As deemed necessary, the mayor may appoint the following: a
municipal administrator, legal officer, agriculturist, environment
and natural resources officer, social welfare and development
officer and a municipal information officer.
The CITY
Nature, and Role of the Local
Government Units
– As stated in Title III, Chapter I, Section 448 of the Local
Government Code of 1991, the city “consisting of more urbanized
and developed barangays”
– serves the same purpose as the municipality
– Its creation follows that of a municipality because they are of the
same level in the hierarchy, the difference lies in the urbanization
issue
– there has to be at least 150,000 inhabitants therein
– with a Department of Finance-certified annual income of
20,000,000 pesos
– and, a contiguous territory comprising of 100 kilometers, as
certified by the Bureau of Lands Management
The
BARANGAY
Nature, and Role of the Local
Government Units
–As provided for in Book III, Title I chapter I,
Section 384, “as the basic political unit
–the barangay serves as the primary planning
and implementing unit of government policies,
plans, programs, projects and activities in the
community, and as a forum wherein the
collective views of the people may be
expressed, crystallized and considered, and
where disputes may be amicably settled.
–it has to satisfy the population requirement of
at least 2000 inhabitants in areas outside of
the Metro Manila area or not located within an
urbanized area or at least 5,000 people, in the
latter, and this shall be certified by the
Philippine Statistics Authority.
– The elected officials are the Barangay Captain, the 8
members of the Sangguniang Barangay, the Sangguniang
Kabataan Chairman, and its council members
– The appointive officials are the Barangay Secretary,
Treasurer, and the members of the Lupong
Tagapamayapa, the Barangay Health Workers, and the
Peace officers who are colloquially called the Barangay
Tanod
– In addition to the above-mentioned officials, there shall be
local councils and local boards (RA 7160 Book 1 Title IV,V,
VI, VII) to be created in each of these LGUs like a school
board, health board, development council, and peace and
Functions of the
Local Government
Units
Nature, and Role of the Local
Government Units
Legislative function

–The barangay, municipal/ city,

and provincial councils are
charged with the disposal of this
function through the enactment of
ordinances and preparation of
resolutions
Executive function

– The head of the local government unit

performs this function, where the barangay
captain, the municipal or city mayor and
the provincial governor is charged with the
execution or implementation of the laws of
the land and the ordinances or resolutions
enacted by their respective legislative
bodies
Quasi-judicial
function
– this function is performed by the council of the
LGU
– It could be attached to the legislative function
where an agreed solution to an issue could be
reduced to a barangay or municipal or city or
provincial resolution or ordinance
– However, in the barangay level, it becomes a
function of the barangay captain together with the
appointed members of the ‘lupong
– An example of how this function is
performed in the barangay level is an
instance where the lupon would be
convened to resolve land boundary conflicts
or even to arrive at an out-of-court and first
level settlement of cases brought by
individuals to the courts of law.
Taxation function
– This function is as well dispensed of by the council of each
LGU with the concurrence of its executive
– Owing to the decentralization of governmental powers to
the LGUs, the barangay, municipality or city and the
province are now given a hand in generating their own
local income through their own taxation schemes, like
imposing tax on sand and gravel extracted from the local
quarry site or imposing tax on local businesses, clearances
or permits and others
– The tax imposed on the so-called community tac
certificate commonly known as the (cedula) may be done
by the city or municipality.
Local Budget
Preparation
– After collating the budgetary
recommendations of the different offices or
departments, the local chief executive shall
prepare the executive budget for the fiscal
year subject to the concurrence of the local
legislative body for a legislative enactment,
most likely in the form of a resolution.
Exercises the power of
eminent domain
– Under this function, the LGU has the
authority to take private properties for
public use as deemed necessary with the
payment of just compensation
– It is incumbent in the LGU to take a
privately-owned piece of land for road
widening and the property owner must be
compensated justly.
Maintenance and Protection of
Public Property
– Public property refers to government-
owned or state-owned infrastructures like
public markets, amusement parks,
government offices etc
– The LGU, through its officials, are
responsible in keeping these buildings and
infrastructures in an A-1 condition.