 CONTENT:

INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION
DIFFERENTIATION
CONCLUSION
REFERENCE
  INRODUCTION:

NEURONS OR NERVE CELLS ARE THE FUNDAMENTAL UNITS OF THE BRAIN AND
NERVOUS SYSTEM. NEURONS ARE REFERRED TO AS THE SPECIALISED CELLS THAT,
THROUGH FRAGILE AND THIN CELLULAR EXTENSIONS THAT TERMED AS THE AXONS,
RECEIVE AND SEND SIGNALS TO OTHER CELLS.
A NEURON HAS THREE MAIN PARTS: DENDRITES, AN AXON AND A CELL BODY OR
SOMA.
DENDRITES IS WHERE A NEURON RECEIVES CHEMICAL SIGNALS FROM OTHER
CELLS. THE AXON IS THE OUTPUT STRUCTURE OF THE NEURON,DURING NEURO
TRANSMISSION I SENDS AN ELECTRICAL MESSAGE CALLED AN ACTION POTENTIAL
THROUGOUT THE ENTIRE AXON. THE SOMA IS WHERE NUCLEUS LIES,WHERE THE
NEURON’S DNA IS HOUSED AND WHERE PROTEINS ARE MADE TO BE TRANSPORTED
THROUGHOUT THE AXON AND DENDRITES.
  DEFINITION:
 NERVE FIBRES: AN AXON OF NEURON COVERED WITH ONE OR TWO SHEATHS IS
CALLED A NERVE FIBRE.
 ON THE BASIS OF NUMBER OF SHEATHS,NERVE FIBRES ARE DIVIDED INTO TWO
TYPES:
I. MYELINATED NERVE FIBRE AND
II. NON MYELINATED NERVE FIBRE
 MYELINATED OR MEDULLATED NERVE FIBRES: AXONS ARE COVERED WITH TWO
SHEATHS,NEURILEMMA AND MYELIN SHEATH . THESE OCCUR IN WHITE MATTER OF
BRAIN. A MEDULLATED NERVE FIBRE IS FORMED OF A CENTRAL AXIAL CYLINDER
CALLED THE NEURAXIS WHICH IS ACTUALLY THE AXON OF A NEURON. THE NEURAXIS
IS COVERED BY TWO SHEATHS.
I. MYELIN OR MEDULLARY SHEATH(INNER) AND
II. NEURILEMMA(OUTER).
 NON MYELINATED NERVE FIBRES : AXONS ARE COVERED WITH A SINGLE SHEATH
NEURILEMMA. MYELIN SHEATH IS ABSENT. THESE ARE PRESENT GREY MATTER OF
BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD. IN A NON-MYELINATED NERVE FIBBRE,THE NEURAXIS IS
COVERED BY ONLY RNEURILEMMA FORMED OF SHEATH OR SCHWANN CELLS AND
HERE IS NO MYELIN SHEATH SO THESE HAVE NO NODES OF RANVIER AND
INTERNODES.THE NUCLEI OF THE SHEATH CELLS CAUSE SWELLINGS. NEURILEMMA IS
FURTHER COVERED BY A THIN LAYER OF AREOLAR CONNECTIVE TISSUE. THESE
FIG: SHOWING DIFFERENCES BETWEEN
MYELINATED AND NON MYELINATED
  CONCLUSION:
MYELINATED AND NON MYELINATED NERVE FIBRES ARE
TWO FORMS OF NERVE FIBRES THAT ARE FOUND IN THE NERVOUS SYSTEM.
THE MAIN DIFFERENCE BETWEEN MYELINATED AND NON
MYELINATED NERVE FIBRES IS THAT MYELINATED NERVE FIBRES CONTAIN A
MYELIN SHEATH AND NON MYELINATED NERVE FIBRES DO NOT CONTAIN
MYELIN SHEATH. THE MYELIN SHEATH IS MADE UP OF LIPIDS AND
PROTEINS.
THEREFORE, MYELINATED NERVE FIBRES APPEAR IN WHITE COLOR WHILE
NON MYELINATED NERVE FIBRES APPEAR IN GREY COLOR. THE NON
MYELINATED PORTIONS OF THE MYELINATED NERVE FIBRE ARE CALLED
NODES OF RANVIER. MOST OF THE PERIPHERAL NERVE FIBRES ARE
MYELINATED, INCREASING THE SIGNAL TRANSDUCTION EFFICIENCY
THROUGH THE AXONS.
  REFERENCE:
 WEBSITES: wikipedia.com, vedantu.com and
pediaa.com
 BOOK: ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY
BY DIWAKAR MISHRA & TRIPURARI MISHRA