To Determine Refractive

Index of different liquids

using convex lens
• Aim of Experiment:

To determine Refractive Index of a glass slab using a Travelling Microscope

• Class & Section: XII S1

• Date: 10-Aug-23

• Presented By: SINCHAN MUKHERJEE, ROLL 23

IN COLLABORATION WITH

• Nilabhro Goswami, Roll 13

• Suman Pal, Roll 26
• Tathagata Chakraborty, Roll 27
• School Name: Bhavans Gangabux Kanoria Vidyamandir
Sincere thanks to our teachers Abhijit Raha sir, Susmita Dam maam and lab assistant Sanju
Sir for their endless support and unconditional help in explaining and guiding us through the
entire procedure.

We would also like to thank our Principal , Mr. Arun Kumar Dasgupta sir for constantly
inspiring us, especially towards Class XII students.
Apparatus/Material Required
- Water
- Sanitizer
- Glycerine
- Battery for providing torque
- Pointed pencil
- Beaker stand with adjustable pencil holder
- 1 m scale
- Spherometer
- Plane sheet
Theory
Refraction – Refraction is the phenomenon of propagation of light from one transparent medium
into other medium, such that the light deviated from its original path. (Usually the first medium
always be air).
Refractive Index – The ratio of velocity of light in first medium to its velocity in second medium,
is called refractive index of second medium with respect to first medium. It is represented by the
symbol p or n.

Convex Lens - These types of lenses can converge a beam of light coming from outside and focus it
to a point on the other side. This point is known as the focus and the distance between the centre of
the lens to the focus is called the focal length of the convex lens.

Spherometer-A spherometer is an instrument used for the precise measurement of the radius
of curvature of a curved surface. Originally, these instruments were primarily used by opticians to
measure the curvature of the surface of a lens.
Procedure

1.We take a screw gauge and measure the radius of the lens.

2.We take a convex lens and it is placed normal to the beaker stand

3.Battery is used to provide torque beneath the open end of the lens

4.Readings are to be taken for no parallax ( image and object meet and they move together when we move our
head while observing it)

5.No parallax is observed in this case

6.Readings are taken when no medium is placed

7.Now 4-5 drops of water are poured on lens and adjusted on the pencil holder

8.No parallax is observed. We find the apparent depth in this case

1. Refractive index = real depth / apparent depth

INITIAL READING
MSR CSR VALUE OF CSR TOTAL
0 74 0.74mm 0.74mm

FINAL READING
MSR CSR VALUE OF CSR TOTAL
3 30 0.3 3.30

NET- 3.3-0.74=2.56mm=H
BY THE FORMULA
R=L^2/6H+H/2
L=40mm
We get R=105.44mm=10.544cm
Same procedure is observed for other liquids like glycerine and sanitizer

Observation
• With no medium
Distance without lens-9.9cm
Distance with lens -9.3 cm
• With water
Distance without lens-15.3cm, Distance with lens-14.8cm
• With glycerine
Distance without lens-16.8cm, Distance with lens-16 cm
• With sanitizer
Distance without lens-16.7cm,Distance without lens-15.9 cm
Precautions
• Readings should be taken carefully
• Parallax should be removed
• Torque should be placed
• Lens should be placed normal to the beaker stand
• Do the calculation of radius carefully
Sources of Error
• The parallax may not be fully removed.
• Lens may not be normal to the beaker stand
• Error in calculation of radius
 CONCLUSION

• We are immensely happy and pleasured to do this very important project in class 12 which
will help us in our further studies going forward. Also we thank our teachers for their
unconditional love and helpfulness towards us through our whole school life. We thank our
classmates for their mental support to us. Lastly I thank my partners in this project Nilabhro,
Tathagata, and Suman. All of you were wonderful and amazing. Finishing off the
presentation, Sinchan.

• Thank you and we wish you have a wonderful day ahead

Jai Hind!