Unit 4 Seasons

第 3 课时——语法
栏目导航

课 时 精 讲

课 时 过 关

课 后 拓 展
 课 时 精 讲
形容词是表示人或事物的性质、状态，一般置于它所修饰的名词之前作定语，或连
系动词之后作表语。本单元主要讲解形容词在句中作定语，表语和用在“It is+adj.+to do
sth.”句型中。
一、形容词的用法
1．形容词作定语
（1）大多数形容词作定语修饰名词时，其位置放在被修饰的名词前，说明名词的品
质或特征。如：
He is a good teacher. 他是一名好老师。
She is wearing a green coat. 她穿着一件绿外套。
（2）但在下列情况下，形容词却放在它所修饰的名词之后。
a．当被修饰的词是不定代词 somebody, someone, something, anybody, anyone,
anything, nobody, nothing 等复合不定代词的形容词，作定语时要后置。如：
I would like something cheap. 我想要点便宜的东西。
Is there anything new in that book? 那本书里有什么新东西吗？
b．形容词短语作定语时，要放在所修饰的名词的后面。这些形容词短语多由“形
容词+介词/不定式”构成。如：
I think he is a man suitable for the job. 我认为他是个适合做这项工作的人。
（3）enough 等形容词修饰名词时可前置或后置。如：
We have enough time/time enough. 我们有足够的时间。
（注：形/副+enough，此时 enough 必须后置）
2．形容词作表语
形容词作表语，常位于连系动词 be（am, is, are）
，become, get, turn, look, keep, seem
等词的后面，说明主语的特征、状态或身份。如：
The food is delicious. 这种食物美味可口。
The story is very interesting. 这个故事很有趣。
3．句型“It is+adj.（形容词）+to do sth.（不定式短语）”
这个句型中，常用 important, interesting, exciting, nice, easy, hard, good, useful, wrong,
right, important 等形容词。如：
It is interesting to play in the snow. 在雪里玩是有趣的。
It is important to listen to the teacher carefully in class. 课堂上认真听老师讲课很重
要。
a．此句型中，如果表语是 kind, nice, right, wrong, clever, polite 等描述性格、品质的
形容词，则应在不定式前加 of sb. 即：“It is+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.”某人做某事
是……。如：
It is very kind of you to help me. 你能帮我太好了。
It’s clever of you to do so. 你这样做真聪明。
b．如果形容词表示“对某人而言”，描述的是事情的性质，可在动词不定式前加一
个 for sb. 即：“It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”对某人来说做某事是……。如：
It’s difficult for us to finish the work. 对我们来说，完成这项工作很困难。
It’s hard for me to answer your question. 对我来说，要回答你的问题很难。
二、名词变形容词的方法
1．在名词后面加-y 可以变成形容词（尤其是一些与天气有关的名词）。
rain—rainy 多雨的，cloud—cloudy 多云的，wind—windy 有风的，snow—snowy 下
雪多的，
health—healthy 健康的，luck—lucky 幸运的
注：如果名词以重读闭音节结尾，且词尾只有一个辅音字母，这时应双写词尾的辅
音字母再加-y。如：sun—sunny 晴朗的，fog—foggy 有雾的，fun—funny 有趣
的；
如果以不发音的字母 e 结尾的名词变为形容词时，应去掉 e 再加-y。如：
noise—noisy 吵闹的，ice—icy 冰冷的
2．一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful 可以变为形容词。
care—careful 小心的，thank—thankful 感谢的，help—helpful 有帮助的
3．一些表示国家的名词可以在词尾加-ese, -ish 或-n 构成表示国籍、语言的形容词。
China—Chinese, Japan—Japanese, England—English, America—American
4．在名词后加-ous 变为形容词。
danger—dangerous
5．在名词后加-ly 变为形容词。
friend—friendly, love—lovely（以-ly 结尾的还有 lonely, lively）
6．在名词后加-less 变成含有否定意义的形容词。
care—careless 粗心的 use—useless 无用的
7．一些以-ence 结尾的名词，把-ence 改为 ent 变成形容词。
difference—different 不同的, silence—silent 安静的
 课 时 过 关

一、写出下列单词的形容词。

1．health healthy 2．rain rainy

snowy sunny
3．snow 4．sun
interesting / interested noisy
5．interest 6．noise

7．importance important 8．friend friendly

9．danger dangerous 10．use useful / useless

二、用括号中所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
1．The film isn’t suitable（suit）for children under 16．

2．They were all surprised（surprise）when they saw the surprising （surprise）ending

of the film.
3．He told the police briefly （brief）what he had heard last night.

4．Vegetables are much healthier（healthy）for us than fat.

5．Mr. Smith usually gives us some advice （advise）on learning English.

6．The neighbours were bored （bore）with the boring （bore）noise around.
7．I’m sorry that I couldn’t come to have my hair done （do）today.
8．Our English teacher always makes his class interesting （interest）
，so we are all
interested （interest）in English.
9．The Sun shines brightly （bright）．
10．That’s amazing （amaze）
．We are amazed （amaze）that he agreed so quickly.
三、用 It+is+adj.+to do sth. 的形式翻译下列句子。
1．在空闲时间跟朋友们一起玩游戏是有趣的。（It’s interesting to…）
It’s interesting to play games with friends in the free time.
2．每天吃新鲜的水果对我们来说是很重要的。（It’s important for us to…）
It’s important for us to eat fresh fruit every day.
3．爬这座山很危险。
（It’s dangerous to…）
It’s dangerous to climb this mountain.
4．你帮助我学英语真是太友好了。（It’s friendly of you to…）

It’s friendly of you to help me learn English.

 课 后 拓 展
一、完形填空。
The Artic Region（北极地区）is one of the coldest place in the world. It is cold all the
year round. Spring comes from May to June. The ice and 1 begin to melt（融
化）．The plants begin 2 and the animals look for food. The summer comes from
July to August. The temperature in summer can get only -8℃. It should be 3
warmest season here. Autumn comes from 4 to October and it last short. 5
comes quickly from November to April next year. Winter is the 6 and coldest
season of a year. And the Artic Region is filled with ice and snow everywhere. At this time
there is no 7 . So it looks like night in winter.
 Are there any people living in such a 8 place？Yes, they are Eskimos（爱斯基
．It is
摩人） 9 for them to live there, 10 they live happily with a long
history.
（ B ）1．A．rain B．snow C．sunshine
（ C ）2．A．grow B．grows C．to grow
（ C ）3．A．/ B．a C．the
（ A ）4．A．September B．October C．August
（ C ）5．A．Spring B．Summer C．Winter
（ B ）6．A．shortest B．longest C．warmest
（ A ）7．A．sunshine B．rain C．ice
（ C ）8．A．hot B．warm C．cold
（ C ）9．A．happy B．easy C．difficult
（ B ）10．A．and B．but C．so
二、回归课文语法填空。
There are four seasons in 1． a year.
In spring, the weather starts 2． to get （get）warm. The wind blows gently. It often
rains. Plants start to grow. Everything 3． turns （turn）green. It is 4． exciting （excite）
to take a trip in spring.
It is hot in summer. The Sun shines 5． brightly（bright）
．Many people like to go to the
beach 6． and swim in the sea. It is nice to eat ice cream in the hot weather.
 In autumn, everything changes. 7． Leaves （leaf）turn brown, red or yellow and start
falling from the trees. It is nice 8． to go （go）on a picnic at this time of year because the
weather is cool and dry.
Winter is often cold and snowy. Do you know why children love winter? That is
9． because they love to play in the snow. It is interesting to make snowmen. People
usually spend time 10． with their relatives during the Spring Festival.