LESSON – 07B

Combinational Logic Circuits

Building Blocks Continued

By

Dr Moses Ubaru
November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 1
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 Combinational Building Blocks
 Commonly used building blocks
include:
 Full adders
 Priority circuits
 Seven segment display decoder
 Multiplexers
 Decoders
 Etc

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 2

023
 DECODER

Combinational Logic Implementation

Using

Decoders

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 3

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 Decoders

A decoder is a combinational logic circuit that converts

binary information from n-input lines to a maximum of 2 n
unique outputs.

Also called the n-to-m line decoders

 For example: 2-to-4 line decoder
 3-to-8 line decoder


November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 4
023
 Decoders
 Decoders

 Generally:
The inner structure of Decoders is composed of an array of
AND or NAND gates that generate the required minterm.

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 5

023
 Decoder Implementation
 2:4 Decoder Truth Table A B

A B D3 D2 D1 D0

0 0 0 0 0 1 D3
0 1 0 0 1 0
D2
1 0 0 1 0 0
D1
1 1 1 0 0 0

D0

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 6

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 NAND Decoder with Enable Line

Truth Table for E A B

2:4 Decoder with Enable line
E A B D3 D2 D1 D0

1 X X 1 1 1 1 D3
0 0 0 1 1 1 0
D2
0 0 1 1 1 0 1
D1
0 1 0 1 0 1 1

0 1 1 0 1 1 1
D0

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 7

023
 Decoders
2 – to – 4 line Decoder

 One or more input control line may be used to

control the operation of decoder

Decoders with enable lines can work as

demultiplexer where data is provided through the
enable lines and the input variables are used to select
specific output channel

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 8

023
Combinational Circuit Implementation Using Decoder

 Since decoders produce 2n minterms of n-input variables,

an external OR gates can be used to form a logical function
in SOP form
 To implement a given function with decoder and
external gates:
 -express the function as canonical SOP
 -select decoder that has no of inputs equal to the number
of input variables in the given functions,
 -select the proper external gate

 See Example in the following slides.

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 9
023
 DECODER

Example
E.g. Implement full adder circuit whose outputs are
given as:

 S(A,B,C) = Σ(1, 2, 4, 7)

 C(A,B,C) = Σ(3, 5, 6, 7)

With a suitable decoder and external gates

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 10

023
 Decoders
 Implementation of full adder circuit using a suitable
decoder and external gates.

0
1 S
2
3
4
A A 5
B B 6 C
C C 7

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 11

023
 DECODER
Example 2

Implement the function F(x, y, z) = m (1, 2, 6, 7)

using a decoder and external gates.

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 12

023
 Decoders
 Implementation of the function
F(x, y, z) = m (1, 2, 6, 7)
using a suitable decoder and external gates.
0
1
2
3 F
4
X A 5
Y B 6
Z C 7

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 13

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 DECODER
Example 3

November 22, 2 Introduction to Digital Design Page 14

023