Personal Protective

Equipment (PPE)
 Definition
 PPE means all equipments and clothing worn or
held by a person at work, which affords protection
against one or more risks to health or safety.
 The use of personal protective equipment is one of t
he control options available for controlling hazards in
the workplace and not substitutes for effective engin
eering controls, safe work conditions or sound work
practices, but can play an essential part in the protec
tion of the worker.
 Its use does neither eliminate the hazard nor does it
prevent incidents but helps to reduce the impact or a
dverse health effects, if used correctly.
 This is your last line of defense
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 Types of PPE
Examples are;

 Safety glass/goggles
 Safety shoes
 Ear plug/ Ear muff
 Respirator
 Coveralls
 Gloves
 Air supplied helmet

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 Types of PPE

 Safety Harness with

double lanyard
 Life Jacket
 Face shield
 Helmets/Hardhat
 Welding Apron
 And others which is
necessary during
execution of work

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 Management Responsibility
 Is responsible for the provision of suitable types and quantity of
PPE and ensures proper use in line with the project PPE
requirements.
 Additional PPE for more hazardous tasks shall also be provided
when required.
 Educate employees on the proper use of PPE and maintenance
 Is responsible and shall be held accountable for ineffective use
of the PPE provided for workers under his control.
 He must set an example by using his PPE as appropriate and
ensure its use by others as required.
 Assessing the risks to employees in relation to the performance
of particular items of PPE

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 Employees Responsibility
 Wear PPE at all times
 Inspect your PPE always to
ensure they are serviceable
for job purpose required
 Ask question if you don’t
know the specific PPE for
the job to be performed
 Request replacement for
damaged PPE
 Maintaining the cleanliness
and effectiveness of the PPE

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 Training
Employees must be given
adequate, comprehensive
instructions, information and
training;
 The purpose for which PPE has
been provided
 The risks that it will protect
against
 The correct method of use
 The employee’s part in
ensuring that PPE remains in a
properly working and in good
condition

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 Suitability
To be suitable, PPE must be;
 Appropriate for the risk involved and the conditions at
the place where exposure may arise
 Take ergonomic consideration into account, and be
capable of being fitted and used by the worker
 Conform to KOSHA, BS, DIN, AS or ANSI standard or approved
by the Client is fit for purpose and comfortable
 So far as practicable, prevent or adequately control the risk of
exposure without creating another risk
 Where more than one PPE has to be used simultaneously, each
must be compatible with one another and full effectiveness must
be maintained

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 Hazard Identification
 Direct – projectile, sharp
or abrasive objects
 Chemical – irritant,
carcinogenic, poisonous
and sensitizer
 Biological – bacteria,
parasites and fungus
 Physical – Noise,
radiation, heat, cold,
vibration, electricity and
light

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 Effect of Exposures
 Physical Injury
 Poisoning
 Asphyxiation
 Cancer
 Irritation
 Infection
 Loss of Hearing
 Dermatitis
 Burns
 Abrasion

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 Hazard Assessment
Hazard Type Hazard Type Common related tasks
Impact Flying objects such as Chipping, grinding, machining,
large chips, fragments, masonry work, wood working, sawing,
particles, sand, and dirt. drilling, riveting, sanding, etc.
Heat Anything emitting Furnace operations, pouring, casting,
extreme heat. hot dipping, welding, etc.
Chemicals Splash, fumes, vapors, Acid and chemical handling,
and irritating mists. degreasing, plating, and working with
blood.
Dust Harmful dust. Woodworking, buffing, and general
dusty conditions.
Optical Radiant energy, glare, Welding, torch-cutting, -brazing,
and intense light soldering, and laser work.
Radiation

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 Personal Protective Equipment
 Selection  Training in use
 Fitting  Cleaning, service storage
 Health Aspect  Supervision
 Compatibility  Disposal
 Issue records
 Proper use

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 Head Protection
 To protect the wearer against
head injuries caused by falling
objects, blows or other impacts.
The helmet gives some
protection against splashing by
liquids. It should be
manufactured from plastics.
 Helmets are required to be
replaced if subjected to severe
impact.
 The use of paint (aerosol type)
and certain adhesive stickers
may affect the integrity of the
helmet and should not be
13 allowed.
 Head Protection
 Metal safety helmets shall not
be worn.
 Air Supplied Helmets should be
worn when working with
chemical sprays or grit blasting
 Welding Helmets/Caps, which
give protection against
dangerous arc radiation and
hot particles of weld metal,
shall be worn when engaged in
welding operations

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 Eye and Face Protection
 Eyes require to be protected
against injury from wind blown
debris, and from impact against
various fixtures, fittings or loose
items which the wearer may
inadvertently knock into by nature
of working in close confines of
plant or equipment.
 Eye protection shall be worn in
specific areas, or for specific
activities, in all indoor and outdoor
operational sites.
 Welding operations require special
eye, face and neck protection for
the operator.

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 Eye and Face Protection
• Certain operations are
significantly more hazardous to
the eyes, and the eye protection
selected must be suitable
against particular hazard in
question. For operations
including grinding, scraping,
chipping etc, the handling of
chemicals and solvents, sample
taking, etc, advice should be
sought from the HSE section.
• Full-view goggles/face shields
may be required and they
should be suitable for dust or
chemical protection.

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 Eye and Face Protection
Check your Safety
glass / goggles
• Are the glasses/goggles
offer protection against
specific exposure?
• Do they distort vision?
• Do they limit peripheral
(side) vision?
• Are there gaps between
side shields and face
which might allow
particles to enter eyes?

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 Foot Protection
Safety footwear protects against
hazards ranging from dermatitis to
crushing injuries. Within this broad
range of hazards, consideration needs
to be given to the possibility of contact
with chemicals, extremes of heat,
slippery surfaces, punctures from nails
or other sharps objects, and electrical
hazards both live and static. All
personnel working in, or visiting,
potentially hazardous areas such as
construction sites, workshops, process
areas, etc. must wear safety footwear
at all times while in the area.

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 Foot Protection
Check your Safety footwear
does the footwear offer
protection against specific
occupational exposure, such
as;
 Temperature variation
 Slippery surfaces
 Punctures
 Chemical exposure
 Direct impact on the toe?

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 Hand Protection
 Gloves should only be used to
protect against minimal risks to
health and safety (i.e. resist cuts
and abrasions, repel some liquids
and offer a good grip).
 Care should be taken in the
donning, use, removal and storage
of protective gloves. They should
be maintained in good condition,
checked regularly and discarded if
worn and deteriorated.
 Gloves should always be cleaned (if
applicable) according to
manufacturer's instructions (i.e.
repeated washing may remove
fungal and bacterial inhibitors from
the lining of the glove, possibly
leading to skin irritation).
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 Hearing Protection
 Hearing conversation programs
should be established in all locations
where employees are exposed to
noise levels above 85dBA for 8
hours.
 It is necessary to take special
precautions to prevent damage to
hearing by exposure to excessive or
prolonged noise.
 Wear hearing protection in all areas
where noise levels exceed 85dBA for
an 8-hour shift shall be designated as
Hearing Protection Areas.
 No exposure to continuous or
intermittent noise levels in excess of
115dBA is allowed.
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 Body Protection
Coveralls give protection to the
wearer against general dirt
 The garments shall be
manufactured from approved
materials.
 The coveralls should be of color
that is easily seen, namely orange
yellow or red (offshore). If dark
color material is used, a light-
reflective strip should be
incorporated across the shoulders
of the garment.
 These garments give protection
against wind, and rain, and some
protection against splashing from
liquids.
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 Body Protection
 A coverall that offer a
degree of protection in fire
shall be used if the wearer
is exposed to a welding or
cutting activities.
 For Chemical Handling
(Protective Clothing)
Personnel handling bulk
chemicals may require
whole body protection
against splashes. If
necessary, they shall
wear impervious suits or
aprons.

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 Fall protection
 Use equipment to reduce personal
injury when crew may be exposed
to:
 A fall of 1.8 meters.
 Work over the side.
 Work on a vent stack.
 Work in enclosed areas of oxygen
deficiency/contamination.
 The equipment is to consist of:
 Full body harness.
 Shock absorbing lanyard or
approved equipment.
 Connecting hook.
 The label should indicate the year
and standard of manufacturer.
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 Personal Fall Arrest System (PFAS)
Full Body Harness with Two lanyard

Used during works performed on an

unprotected work location at
elevations higher than 1.8 meters
above the ground

Lanyard must be secured to a

suitable anchorage point that is
capable of supporting an impact load of
2,500Kg

Prior to use, make sure that fall

protection equipment is in good
operating condition

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 Summary

“And the end is that the workman shall live to enjoy

the fruit of his labor;

That his wife shall not be untimely a widow;

That his children shall have a father, and that

cripples and hopeless workers who were once
strong men, shall no longer be a by-product of
industry .”

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