ZCMA 6092

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT

SAFETY HEALTH AND RISK MANAGEMENT
LACTURE : DR. MARYAM JAMILAH ASHA’ARI
FOR INTERNAL USE

GROUP 6
SAFETY, HEALTH AND RISK MANAGEMENT
P125891 P126123 P125950

MOHD MD
EZZUDDIN
SAIDIEE ZULKIFLI
HASSAN
SALLEH MD NAAM

P120693 P126313 P116397

RAHYULIA LUJAIN
CHEE
NINGSIH AKRAM
ZEANG
BINTI
CHEN
RAMLAN
FOR INTERNAL USE

TABLE OF CONTENT
1.0 SAFETY AND HEALTH
1.1 Definition
1.2 Supervisor’s Role In Safety.
1.3 OSHA.
1.4 Causes of Accidents
1.5 Ways To Prevent Accidents
1.6 Employee Engagement To Improve
Workplace Safety
1.7 Workplace Health Hazards
1.8 Security Plan And Basic Security Program
2.0 RISK MANAGEMENT
2.1 Definition
2.2 Basic Concept
2.3 Process of Risk Management
2.4 Risk Assessment
2.5 Implement
FOR INTERNAL USE

Health and Safety

Risk Assessment and Management
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.0 SAFETY AND HEALTH

1.1 DEFINITION
HEALTH
 As defined by the World Health
Organization (WHO), health is a “state of
complete physical, mental, and social well-
being, and not merely the absence of
disease or infirmity’’.
SAFETY
 Safety is the state of being ‘safe’, the
condition of being protected from harm or
other non-desirable outcomes.
 Regular risk assessments should be
conducted at retail stores to identify health
and safety problems and initiate necessary
measures to eliminate or mitigate them as
far as possible.
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.2 SUPERVISOR’S ROLE IN SAFETY

Leadership and
Setting the Tone

Training and
Education

Risk Assessment and

Hazard Identification

Safety Procedures
and Policies

Incident Reporting
Supervisor’s Role and Investigation

Communication
and Feedback
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.3 OSHA
Safety laws and regulations enforced by OSHA (Occupational
Safety and Health Administration), are put in place to ensure the
safety and well-being of workers.
Purpose: Safety laws and regulations designed to prevent work-
related injuries, illnesses, and fatalities by establishing guidelines
and requirements

OSHA is a federal agency under the jurisdiction of the

Department of Labor
 It was established in 1970 by the Occupational Safety and
Health Act to:
 enforce safety and health standards
 provide training and education
 offer assistance to employers and employees

Standards and Regulations:

Enforced to address specific hazards & risks, such as:
 falls, hazardous materials, electrical safety, machine guarding,
respiratory protection, and more
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.3 OSHA.
• Compliance:
Employers are responsible for complying with OSHA standards and
regulations.

This includes implementing safety protocols, providing appropriate

training, maintaining safety records, and conducting regular inspections to
ensure a safe working environment.
• Inspections and Enforcement:
OSHA conducts inspections of workplaces to assess compliance with safety
and health regulations.

Inspections can be planned, triggered by complaints or accidents, or

part of targeted programs focusing on specific industries or hazards.

Non-compliance can result in penalties, citations, fines, and enforcement

actions.
• Training and Education:
OSHA provides training and educational resources to employers,
employees, and safety professionals

To raise awareness of workplace hazards, educate individuals about their

FOR INTERNAL USE

1.3 OSHA.
• Recordkeeping and Reporting:

Employers are required to maintain records of work-related

injuries and illnesses using OSHA's recordkeeping system

Employers must report severe injuries, fatalities to OSHA within

specific timeframes.
• Whistleblower Protection:

OSHA protects workers who report safety concerns, hazards, or

violations from retaliation by their employers

Employees who believe they have been discriminated against can

file complaint with OSHA for investigation.
• Consultation Services:

OSHA provides free and confidential consultation services to

small and medium-sized businesses.

These services help employers identify workplace hazards,

comply with OSHA standards, and develop effective safety and
health management systems.
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.4 CAUSES OF WORKPLACES ACCIDENTS

o Human Factors
o Unsafe Conditions
o Lack of Awareness
o Poor Communication &
Accidents can have
various causes, and Coordination
they can occur in o External Factors
different settings in o Fatigue & Stress
workplaces
o Non-compliance with Safety
Regulations
o Distraction & Technology
o Lack of Safety Culture
FOR INTERNAL USE

Example of Workplace Accidents

FOR INTERNAL USE

1.5 WAYS TO PREVENT WORKPLACE ACCIDENTS

Maintain a Safe
Environment

Implement and Follow

Safety Procedures

Provide Adequate Training

and Education

Promote a Culture of
Safety

Regular Maintenance and

Inspections
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.6 EMPLOYEE ENGAGEMENT TO IMPROVE

WORKPLACE SAFETY

Safety Committees or
Representatives Continuous
Improvement
Communication
and
Feedback Training and
Education Recognition Leading
and Rewards by
Example
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.7 Workplace Health Hazards

A. Physical Hazards:
 Identify and address potential ergonomic issues.
 Perform ergonomic assessments and provide
ergonomic equipment.
 Ensure proper ventilation.
 Use the exhaust system, provide personal
protective equipment (PPE).
 Do regular air quality tests.
 Encourage good housekeeping practices to
prevent slips, trips and falls.
 Keep the work area clean and orderly, deal with
spills or obstructions immediately.
 Provide appropriate signage and safety training.
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.7 Workplace Health Hazards

B. Chemical Hazards:
• Conduct a thorough chemical inventory and hazard
assessment to properly identify and label hazardous
materials.

• Implement appropriate storage and handling

procedures.

• Provide comprehensive training on the safe use,

handling and storage of chemicals.

• Make sure workers understand the associated risks,

know how to read safety data sheets (SDS), and
follow proper protocols for handling spill or exposure
incidents.

• Implement periodic monitoring and inspection

programs.
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.7 Workplace Health Hazards

C. Biological Hazards:

• Establish and enforce proper hygiene practices.

• Promote awareness of common communicable diseases

and provide necessary vaccinations or immunizations.

• Develop and implement protocols for the safe handling

and disposal of biological materials.

• Provide appropriate PPE as required by the nature of the

work.

• Encourage sick employees to stay home and implement

flexible work arrangements.
FOR INTERNAL USE
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.7 Workplace Health Hazards

D. Psychosocial Hazards:
• Promote a positive work environment that supports
mental health and well-being.

• Establish clear lines of communication, encourage work-

life balance, and provide resources for stress
management, such as an employee assistance program
(EAP) or counseling services.

• Implement policies and procedures to prevent bullying,

harassment or discrimination in the workplace.

• Foster a culture of respect, inclusiveness, and open

communication.

• Train supervisors and managers on recognizing and

dealing with psychosocial hazards.

• Provide support and resources for employees

experiencing work-related stress or mental health issues.
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.7 Workplace Health Hazards

E. Noise Hazards:
• Conduct noise assessments to identify areas where noise levels
exceed permitted limits.

• Implement engineering controls, such as soundproofing to reduce

exposure.

• Provide appropriate hearing protection to workers in noisy

environments.

• Create a quiet area or break room where employees can rest and
recover.

• Promote education and awareness of the risks of noise exposure

and regular hearing tests.

• It is important to note that specific strategies for dealing with

workplace hazards may vary based on the nature of the work, the
industry and local regulations.

• Consult with security professionals, conduct risk assessments,

and comply with applicable regulations.
FOR INTERNAL USE

1.8 Security Plan And Basic

Security Program
1. Requirements for Security Plan
• Risk Assessment
• Legal and Regulatory Compliance
• Organizational Objectives
• Budget and Resources

2. Basic Security Program

• Establish Security Policies and Procedures
• Access Control and Physical Security
• Cybersecurity Measures
• Employee Training and Awareness
• Incident Response and Emergency
Preparedness
• Vendor and Contractor Management
• Regular Audits and Reviews
• Continuous Improvement
FOR INTERNAL USE

WHAT IS RISK
MANAGEMENT?
Risk is:
 The effect of uncertainty on the ability of an organization to meet
its objectives.
Risk management is:
 The range of activities that an organization intentionally undertakes
to understand and reduce these effects.
Effective risk management is:
 Executing these activities efficiently and in a way that actually and
demonstrably improves the ability of the organization to meet its
objectives in a repeatable fashion.
FOR INTERNAL USE

Scope
Context
Criteria

Risk
Assessment

Risk
Identification

COMMUNICATION Risk MONITORING

& Analysis &
CONSULTATION REVIEW
Risk
Evaluation

RISK TREATMENT

RECORDING &
REPORTING
INTRODUCTION TO
RISK MANAGEMENT *Process (clause 6)
22 22
FOR INTERNAL USE

INTRODUCTION TO
Bad
RISK MANAGEMENT things
happen

We can We tend

1 What
is risk?
minimize
their
impact Reality
not to
prepare
for them
 The possibility that a
Negative event will happen.

 This negative event

Check
may prevent Organization
from achieving its objectives. We can We can
be anticipate
prepared them
23
FOR INTERNAL USE

INTRODUCTION TO RISK MANAGEMENT

What keeps
you up at night

2 Why
is risk important?
What should be
keeping
you up

24
FOR INTERNAL USE

INTRODUCTION TO RISK MANAGEMENT

• To put measures.
• To improve our
existing process
Risks can be
opportunities

2 Why
is risk important? Checking
 Because managing risks can
help achieve its strategic objectives.
 Manage the uncertainly. • Better results.
Managing • Better decision making.
 To achieve our objective. risks
• Better use of resources.

25
FOR INTERNAL USE

INTRODUCTION TO
RISK MANAGEMENT

Not all risks

are equal

3 What
is risk
management?
Reality
Check
The framework to manage risks:
Different
 Market process risk, financial & risks at
Strategic, Legal with it risk. different
levels in
 Impact to company objective company
(profit).

26
FOR INTERNAL USE

INTRODUCTION TO RISK Plans, activities and Management of risks

actions to achieve and plans to reduce
MANAGEMENT desired future. their impact.

3 What
is risk management?
Priorities/ Goals
Risks
Events that could
 The process of increasing the How to get to desired
threaten desired
chance that achieves its future.
future.
strategic vision, priorities and objectives.

Desired Future

27
FOR INTERNAL USE

INTRODUCTION TO RISK MANAGEMENT

RISK STATEMENT
Identify risks and
possible impacts

3 What
is risk
management? RISK REGISTER
RISK MANAGEMENT
PLAN Evaluate the
 The identification, evaluation, Manage the risks
likelihood and
impact of each risk
monitoring and management of
risks.

RISK DASHBOARD
Monitor and report

28
FOR INTERNAL USE

Risk Matrix
FOR INTERNAL USE
FOR INTERNAL USE

Q &A
FOR INTERNAL USE

THANK YOU