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Scalar and Vector Quantities
Scalar and Vector Quantities
Quantities
Have you experienced commuting or traveling to
an unfamiliar place but after a while you realized
you were lost?
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When traveling from
one place to another it
is not only important
to know how far it is
but you also need to
know the direction
you should follow to
reach your desired
location.
3
Today, simple street
maps and online
maps in your phones
can easily give
directions and
instructions for you to
reach your
destination.
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In science, you will encounter varying physical
quantities. Some of these quantities are
accompanied by directions, others are not.
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What are vector quantities and
why is specifying the direction
important?
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Physical Quantities
Can you
describe
these lily
pads?
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Physical Quantities
They are
rounded,
green, and
they float on
water.
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Physical Quantities
Can you
measure
their
diameters?
How will you
report their
diameters?
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Physical Quantities
Can you
measure the
forces they
exert on the
water? How
will you
report these
forces?
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Physical Quantities
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How do scalar quantities differ
from vector quantities?
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Physical Quantities
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Physical Quantities
25 C 0
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Physical Quantities
Scalar Quantity
A scalar quantity is a physical quantity that has magnitude
(size or quantity) but no direction. Temperature is a scalar
quantity.
25 C 0
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Physical Quantities
Scalar Quantity
It is described by a single number with its appropriate unit.
single number
25 C 0
unit
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Physical Quantities
Scalar Quantity
Other examples of scalar quantities are mass, time, distance,
speed, density, and volume.
single number
15 kg unit
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Physical Quantities
136 grams
+ 262 grams
398 grams
19
Physical Quantities
136 grams
+ 262 grams
398 grams
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Physical Quantities
Vector Quantity
A vector quantity is a physical quantity with both magnitude
and direction.
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Physical Quantities
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Physical Quantities
25
Representing Vector Quantities
speed velocity
scalar quantity vector quantity
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Representing Vector Quantities
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Representing Vector Quantities
Suppose you have initial point, P1, and final point, P2.
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Representing Vector Quantities
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Representing Vector Quantities
32
Representing Vector Quantities
shorter arrow,
smaller magnitude
longer arrow,
bigger magnitude
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Representing Vector Quantities
Scale: 1 cm = 1 km
Rules in
Representing
Vectors
2. Identify where
to place the
vector based on
its direction.
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Representing Vector Quantities
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Representing Vector Quantities
By default, angles
are measured from
the east direction.
38
Illustrate the displacement of an insect that crawled
3 cm to the west.
39
Illustrate the displacement of an insect that crawled
3 cm to the west.
40
A mosquito flew 6 cm, upward. Illustrate
its displacement using an arrow.
41
A car moved 12.5 km, 35° south of west. Illustrate this
displacement.
42
A car moved 12.5 km, 35° south of west. Illustrate this
displacement.
43
A person traveled a total of 28 km, 85°
south of east. Illustrate the vector.
44
Car A covered 550 km, 195° while car B traveled 250
km, 40° south of west. Illustrate the vectors in one
cartesian plane.
45
Car A covered 550 km, 195° while car B traveled 250
km, 40° south of west. Illustrate the vectors in one
cartesian plane.
46
Leo and Alex are training for a
marathon in two different locations. Leo
covered 54 km, 110° while Alex covered
a displacement of 60 km, 78° south of
east. Illustrate the displacements in one
cartesian plane.
47
Illustrate the given vectors in one cartesian plane.
1. 65 km, 350°
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● A scalar quantity is a physical quantity that has
magnitude but no direction. Examples include
distance, mass, and density.
49
● A vector can be represented by an arrow. The
length of the arrow represents the magnitude
while the arrowhead points to the direction of the
vector.