Chapter one

The Number System

Main Contents
 Revision on the set of Rational numbers
 The real number system
 Types of Numbers
• Natural
• Whole
• Even
• odd
• prime
• composite
 Numbers that start from 1, 2, 3, ,,, so on are called Natural Numbers
 All Natural Numbers and Zero together i.e, 0,1,2,3,… so on called
Whole Numbers
 A counting number which is exactly divisible by 2 is called an even
number
 A Counting number which is not divisible by 2 is called an odd
number
Examples
1. Which number is odd and even
A, 45
B, 68
C, 6
D, 9
E, 12
F, 2
G, 3
 Prime Numbers and Composite Numbers
 A natural number that has exactly two distinct factors, namely 1 and
itself, is called a prime number.
 A natural number that has more than two factors is called a composite
number.

Examples
1. Find the prime factorization of 1530, 2416
Common Factors and Greatest Common Factor
What is Factor?
o Factors are numbers that make up a larger number when multiplied together.

Factor x Factor = product

The Greatest Common Factor (GCF) of two or more natural numbers is

the greatest natural number that is a factor of all of the given numbers
 Example
Find the Greatest common factor (GCF) of
a, 36 and 60 b, 32 and 27
Use the prime factorization method to find the GCF of 180, 216 and 540
Common Multiple a number that is a multiple of two or more
numbers.
LCM - For any two natural numbers a and b, the least common
multiple of a and b denoted by LCM (a, b), is the smallest multiple of
both a and b.
 Example
Find LCM (8,9)
Use the prime factorization method to find the LCM of 9, 21,
24

Home Work
1 find
a, The GCF And LCM of 36 and 48
b,