THE CONTEMPORARY SOC SCI 1

WORLD
 A HISTORY OF GLOBAL
POLITICS: CREATING AN LESSON 3

INTERNATIONAL ORDER
 INTRODUCTION

The world is composed of many countries or states, all of them

having different forms of governments. As the world moves on

with the tick of time, interactions and diplomacy all around
the world is expected to persist in order to build an
international system.
Scholars study the deepening relations between states, this is

called internationalization.
 FOUR KEY ATTRIBUTES OF TODAY’S POLITICS:

 Independent and self-governing countries or states.

 these countries interact with each other through diplomacy.

 presence of international organization such as United Nations

(UN).

 International organizations also lives of their own.

 IMPORTANT EVENTS

 The Westphalian system provided stability

for nations of Europe, until it faced its first
major challenge by Napoleon Bonaparte
who believed in spreading the principles of
the French Revolution – liberty, equality,
and fraternity.
 IMPORTANT EVENTS

 The Concept of Europe was formed with the

alliance of United Kingdom, Austria, Russia,
and Prussia, also known as the “Great
Powers”, that sought to restore the
monarchical, hereditary, and religious
privileges of the time before the French
Revolution and the Napoleonic Wars.
 MAJOR THINKERS
 Immanuel Kant – a German Philosopher and was the first major
thinker of liberal internationalism. Kant likened states in global
system people living in a given territory. He argued that a state
must have a form of government.
 Jeremy Bentham – he coined the word international and
advocated the creation of international law that would govern the
inter-state relations.
 Giuseppe Mazzini – he believed in a republican government and
proposed a system of free nations.
 Woodrow Wilson – he believed that the world’s nations had a right
to a free, and a sovereign government.
 Karl Marx – he did not believe in nationalism
 UNITED NATIONS

 United Nation is an intergovernmental

organization whose stated purposes are to
maintain international peace and security,
develop friendly relations among nations,
achieve international cooperation, and
serve as a centre for harmonizing the
actions of nations.
 PERMANENT MEMBERS OF UNITED NATIONS

China
France
Russian Federation
The United Kingdom
United States
 FIVE ORGANS OF UNITED NATIONS
The General Assembly (GA) – the main deliberative, policy making
compose of 193 member state.
Security Council (SC) – responsible for international peace and
security
Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) – the principle body for
coordinatorship, policy review, policy dialogue and
recommendations on economic, social and environmental issues.
International Court of Justice – settle legal disputes
UN Secretariat – UN’s administrative arm, compromised civil
servants responsible for carrying out the day-to-day operations of
the organizations.
 TWO DOCTRINES OF ADOPTION

Doctrine of Incorporation

Doctrine of Transformation