G. S. G. PG.

COLLEGE BALOD
DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS

Homogeneous Differential
Mathematical PHYSICS-(I)

Equation & Exact Differential

Equation
Presented by:-
Guide by:- Devprabha Dewangan
Miss Kajal Rajput Mam Student of MSc PHYSICS – (1 sem)
 CONTENTS:-
• Homogeneo Differential Equation
• Example
• Non (Reducible) Homogeneous DE’s
• Case-1 , Case-2
• Exact Differential Equation
• Example
• Reducible Exact Differential Equation
• Rules
• Application & Reference
 HOMOGENEOUS DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

• A differential equation Of first order and first degree is said to be

homogeneous.
If it can be put in the from dy/dx = f(x,y)/g(x,y)
• Working Rules for Solving homogeneous equation :-
Step 1. Put y = vx so that d/dx (y) = v + x * d/dx (v)
Step 2. Separate the variables.
Step 3. Integrate both the sides.
Step 4. Put v = y/x and simplify.
Example:
 NON HOMOGENEOUS DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION

A differential equation of the form dy/dx = ax+by+c/Ax+By+c

is called non-homogeneous differential equation.
There are two types :
• Type1. a/A+b/B
Take x=X+h and y= Y+k
dx=dX & dy=dY so that dy/dx = dY/dX
dY/dX = aX+bY/AX+BY

• Type2. a/A = b/B

 EXACT DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
• An exact differential equation is formed by directly differentiating its
primitive(solution) without any other process.
Mdx + Ndy = 0
Is said to be an exact differential equation if it satisfies the following
condition

Method for Solving Exact Differential Equations:-

1. Integrate M w.r.t. X keeping y constant
2. Integrate w.r.t. Y, only those terms of N which do not contain x.
3. Result of I + Result of II = Constant.
Example:
 REDUCIBLE EXACT DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
• Rule 1.

• Rule 2.

• Rule 3.

then
 REDUCIBLE EXACT DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS

• Rule 4. For of this type of

the integrating factor is

where
• Rule 5.
If the given equation M dx N dy = 0 is homogeneous equation and
Mx + Ny 0 , then. I is an integrating factor.
 Application & Reference
• Homogeneous Differential Equations are used in medicine,
economics, aerospace, automobile as well as in the chemical
industry.

• Electrical circuits, growth and decay problems, temperature

and falling body problems and in many other fields.

• Reference:
Advance Engineering Mathematics: H.K.Das