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TANGENTS
B
O O O
B
A
A A
A
TANGENT PROPERTY 2
ΙΙ
O
P
ΙΙ
The two tangents drawn
from a point P outside a
A circle are equal in length.
AP = BP
Example
AP is a tangent to the circle.
a Calculate the length of OP.
P b Calculate the size of angle AOP.
B c Calculate the shaded area.
O
x
8 cm 8
6 cm
a OP2 6 2 8 2 b tan x
6
OP2 100
8
A OP 10 cm x tan1
6
53.13o
AOP
major segment
minor segment
SYMMETRY PROPERTIES OF CHORDS 1
AB = CD
D
ΙΙ
Q
ΙΙ If two chords AB and CD are the
C same length then they will be the
Ι
ΙΙ ΙΙ If AB = CD then OP = OQ.
A P B
Example
Find the value of x.
O
Triangle OAB is isosceles
o
96 because OA = OB (radii of circle)
So angle OBA = x.
x B
2x 96 180
A
2x 84
x 42o
THEOREM 1
2x
Example
Find the value of x.
x
96o
Angle at centre
= 2 × angle at circumference
96 2x
x 96 2
x 48o
Example
Find the value of x.
62o
Angle at centre
= 2 × angle at circumference
x 2 62
x 124o
Example
Find the value of x.
O
x
84o
Angle at centre
= 2 × angle at circumference
84 2x
x 84 2
x 42o
Example
Find the value of x.
104o
Oy
Angle at centre
= 2 × angle at circumference
y 2 104
y 208
x 360 208
x 152o
THEOREM 2
An angle in a semi-circle
is always a right angle.
O
Example
Find the value of x.
58o O x
x 58 90 180
x 32o
THEOREM 3
Opposite angles of a
cyclic quadrilateral add
up to 180o.
x y 180o
y
Example
Find the values of x and y.
x
75 o 132o
x 132 180 y 75 180
x 48o y 105o
THEOREM 4
x
Angles from the same arc
in the same segment are
equal.
x
Example
Find the value of x.
39o
x 39o