Emerging Trends

1)ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE (AI)

2)MACHINE LEARNING
3)NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING (NLP)
 Artificial intelligence (ai)
What is Artificial Intelligence ?
Artificial intelligence (AI) is intelligence demonstrated
by machines, as opposed to the natural intelligence displayed
by animals including humans.

AI research has been defined as the field of study of intelligent

agents, which refers to any system that perceives its
environment and takes actions that maximize its chance of
achieving its goals.
• The term "artificial intelligence" had previously been used to
describe machines that mimic and display "human" cognitive
skills that are associated with the human mind, such as
"learning" and "problem-solving".

• This definition has since been rejected by major AI

researchers who now describe AI in terms of rationality and
acting rationally, which does not limit how intelligence can be
articulated
Types Of Artificial Intelligence
1) Narrow Artificial Intelligence / Weak AI :
Narrow artificial intelligence (narrow AI) is a specific type of
artificial intelligence in which a learning algorithm is
designed to perform a single task, and any knowledge
gained from performing that task will not automatically be
applied to other tasks.
2) General Artificial Intelligence :
Artificial general intelligence is also called strong AI or deep AI.
This is a concept of the machine with general intelligence that
mimics human intelligence, with the ability to think, understand,
learn and apply its intelligence to solve any problem as humans
do in any given situation.
3) Super Artificial Intelligence :
A superintelligence is a hypothetical agent that possesses
intelligence far surpassing that of the brightest and most
gifted human minds.
 Machine Learning
• Machine learning (ML) is a field of inquiry devoted to understanding
and building methods that 'learn', that is, methods that leverage data
to improve performance on some set of tasks.
• It is seen as a part of artificial intelligence.
• Machine learning algorithms build a model based on sample data,
known as training data, in order to make predictions or decisions
without being explicitly programmed to do so.
• Machine learning algorithms are used in a wide variety of
applications, such as in medicine, email filtering, speech recognition,
and computer vision, where it is difficult or unfeasible to develop
conventional algorithms to perform the needed tasks.
• A subset of machine learning is closely related to computational
statistics, which focuses on making predictions using computers, but not
all machine learning is statistical learning.
• The study of mathematical optimization delivers methods, theory and
application domains to the field of machine learning.
• Data mining is a related field of study, focusing on exploratory data
analysis through unsupervised learning.
• Some implementations of machine learning use data and neural
networks in a way that mimics the working of a biological brain.
• In its application across business problems, machine learning is also
referred to as predictive analytics.
 Immersive Experiences
1) VIRTUAL REALITY (VR) :
Virtual reality (VR) is a simulated experience
that can be similar to or completely different from the real world.
Applications of virtual reality include entertainment
(particularly video games), education (such as medical or
military training) and business (such as virtual meetings).
Other distinct types of VR-style technology include augmented
reality and mixed reality, sometimes referred to as extended
reality or XR.
• standard virtual reality systems use either virtual reality headsets or multi-
projected environments to generate realistic images, sounds and other
sensations that simulate a user's physical presence in a virtual environment.
• A person using virtual reality equipment is able to look around the artificial
world, move around in it, and interact with virtual features or items.
• The effect is commonly created by VR headsets consisting of a head-
mounted display with a small screen in front of the eyes , but can also be
created through specially designed rooms with multiple large screens.
• Virtual reality typically incorporates auditory and video feedback , but may
also allow other types of sensory and force feedback through haptic
technology.
2) AUGMENTED REALITY (AR) :
• Augmented reality (AR) is an interactive experience of a real-world
environment where the objects that reside in the real world are enhanced by computer-generated
perceptual information, sometimes across multiple sensory modalities,
including visual, auditory, haptic, somatosensory and olfactory.
• AR can be defined as a system that incorporates three basic features: a combination of real and
virtual worlds, real-time interaction, and accurate 3D registration of virtual and real objects.
• The overlaid sensory information can be constructive (i.e. additive to the natural environment), or
destructive (i.e. masking of the natural environment).
• This experience is seamlessly interwoven with the physical world such that it is perceived as
an immersive aspect of the real environment.
• In this way, augmented reality alters one's ongoing perception of a real-world environment,
whereas virtual reality completely replaces the user's real-world environment with a simulated one.
• Augmented reality is related to two largely synonymous terms: mixed reality and computer-
mediated reality.