Effective Public Speaking

Leadership Certification
Level 1
Three Types of Public Speaking
1. Speeches that inform

• Explain
• Report
• Describe
• Clarify
• Define
2. Speeches that persuade

Designed to convince
or influence beliefs
or attitudes
3. Speeches that entertain

Use humour to influence an

audience
Goal: to warm audience up
Three main speaking styles

• Cool presenter
• Hot presenter
• Dull presenter
Four basic methods of delivery

• Reading a manuscript verbatim

• From memory
• Speaking impromptu
• Speaking extemporaneously
Know Your Audience
 Make up of Audience
• Superiors
• Peers
• Team members
• Special interest groups
• Mixed groups
 Time to Outline

• Gather materials
• Examples
• Statistics
• Testimony
Build the Body First
Three things you do during the intro .

• Get attention
• Startle the audience with
an arresting statement
• Arouse curiosity
 The Conclusion

Two Purposes

• Let the audience

know you are
ending
• Reinforce central
idea
 Two versions of speaking Outline
Ineffective More Effective
I. 1840-1860 I. 1840-1860
A. World Anti-Slavery Convention A. World Anti-Slavery Convention
B. Seneca Falls convention B. Seneca Falls convention
1. Lucretia Mott 1. Lucretia Mott
2. Elizabeth Cady Stanton 2. Elizabeth Cady
3. Declaration of Sentiments Stanton
3. Declaration of
II. 1900-1920 Sentiments
A. National American Woman
Suffrage Association II. 1900-1920
1. Founding A. National American Woman
Suffrage Association
2. Objectives
1. Founding
B. NineteenthAmendment
2. Objectives
1. Campaign
B. Nineteenth Amendment
2. Ratification
1. Campaign
2. Ratification
 Tips for using visual aids:

• Avoid chalkboards
• Prepare visuals in advance
• Prepare them large enough
• Display them to be seen
• Avoid passing aid among audience
• Display aids only while discussing
them
Tips for using visual aids(cont):

• Talk to audience, not visual aid

• Practice with visual aid
• Real objects make good visuals
• Computer presentations
Flubs ‘N Things
 Body language
E Y,
H
H AT
W YOU
E G
A R DO I N E ? ! N O N E OF
YS ER YOUR
GU R TH !
E BUSINESS
OV

• Verbals
7%
WOULD YOU • Tone of Voice
GUYS KEEP IT
QUIET UP 38%
THERE?!
• Non Verbals
55%
 Eye Contact
Speaker

Section 1 Section 2 Section 3

The speaker has three major sections to make eye contact with

Speaker

Section 1 Section 5
Section 2 Section 3 Section 4
Audience

The larger the audience, the more sections you need to establish for effective eye contact
 Lag Time

• Slow speaker 80-90 wpm

• Average speaker 100-150 wpm
• Fast speaker Up to 170 wpm
• Can listen to 450-600 wpm

We can THINK 5 times faster than we can talk!

 Practice!
Practice!
Practice!

• Prepare speaking outline

• Practice aloud
• Polish & refine delivery
• Present under similar conditions
Purpose of an Introduction

• Build enthusiasm for speaker

• Build enthusiasm for topic
• Establish a welcoming
atmosphere
• Boost credibility of speaker
Points to Remember
• Check facts for
accuracy
• Adapt remarks to
occasion
• Adapt remarks to
audience
• Create a sense of
anticipation
 Room Setting
Speaker

Audience members should be able to easily see the speaker and visual aids the speaker presents.

Podium
Audience Audience

Audience Audience Audience

 Seating Arrangement
(Screen or Blank Wall – elevated if possible)

Overhead Projector
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Registration Table

Back of Room
Visual
display
Conference Style

leader

Refreshments/
displays
Visual
display
U-Shaped Style

leader

Refreshments/
displays
 Visual display
Circle Style

leader

Refreshments/
displays
Visual
display
Pod Style
leader

Refreshments/
displays
 Visual display Classroom Style
leader

Refreshments/
displays
 Visual display Chevron Style

leader

Refreshments/
displays
 “The outside appearance is frequently an
index to the mind, and we should be careful
what signs we hang out for the world to judge
of our faith.” (MYP p346)

Your aim when in public is to present a

picture of poise, and quiet serenity.
 Guidelines for appropriate dress
• Avoid that wrinkle
• Dress traditionally
• Wear a dress or business suit
• Empty pockets
• Leave hand bag at your seat
• Use of colour
• Necklines
• Tailored look gives more
authority
• Choose comfortable shoes
 Using a podium

• Do not put hands on it

• Do not lean on it
• Check podium height
 When using a
microphone
• Don’t use a hand held mike
• A lapel or lavalier mike is ideal
• Prepare as if you had no mike
• Adjust mike before speaking
• Stand close enough to benefit
• Don’t allow mike to block fact
• Be careful with “p” or “th”
sounds
• Beware of other noises
 You can reduce stage fright by
• Preparation & rehearsing 75%
• Deep breathing 12%
• Mind Control 10%
 Tips for overcoming fear
• Pick your own subject matter
• Follow the “as if” principle
• Put on a happy face
• Think positively
• Picture your audience as friendly
• No apologies
• Pray again, again, and again