Nanosensitizer-mediated augmentation

of sonodynamic therapy efficacy and

antitumor immunity
Introduction
Current Challenges in
Cancer Therapy
High Relapse Rates: Despite
advancements, many cancer
therapies face challenges in
preventing relapse.
Systemic Toxicity:
Conventional treatments
often result in systemic
toxicity, affecting healthy
cells.
Resistance Development:
Tumors can develop
resistance to standard
therapies, limiting their long-
term efficacy.
Enhancing Antitumor Immunity
Rising Interest in Immuno-Oncology: Current cancer
Nano Sensitizers in research emphasizes the role of the immune system
Sonodynamic Therapy in combating tumors.
(SDT)
Potential of Nano Sensitizers: Nano Sensitizers have
Introduction to SDT: shown promise not only in enhancing SDT efficacy
Sonodynamic Therapy but also in modulating antitumor immune responses.
(SDT) is an emerging
non-invasive treatment Dual Action Potential: The integration of
using ultrasound in nanosensitizers in SDT presents a dual-action
combination with potential—targeting tumor cells directly and boosting
sensitizers. the body's immune response.
Nanosensitizers Objective: This presentation explores the potential of
Defined: Nano nano sensitizers to address current challenges in
Sensitizers are nano- cancer therapy by augmenting SDT efficacy and
sized materials promoting antitumor immunity.
designed to enhance
the therapeutic effects
of SDT.
Background
Sonodynamic Therapy (SDT)
Overview
Definition: Sonodynamic Therapy
(SDT) is a therapeutic modality that
involves the use of ultrasound in
conjunction with sensitizing agents
to induce localized cytotoxic
effects.
Principles of SDT:
Sensitizer Activation: Sensitizers,
when exposed to ultrasound,
undergo a series of reactions,
producing reactive oxygen species
(ROS).
ROS-Mediated Effects: ROS
generated contribute to cell
damage, apoptosis, and
destruction of targeted tissues.
Importance of Developing Novel Approaches
Current Limitations of SDT:
- SDT's efficacy can be influenced by factors such as limited tissue
penetration of ultrasound and inadequate sensitization in deep-seated
tumors.
- Need for Improvement:
- The quest for more effective and targeted cancer treatments
necessitates continuous innovation.
- Addressing limitations is crucial for enhancing the overall success of
SDT in clinical applications.
- Rationale for Novel Approaches:
- Developing new strategies, such as incorporating nano sensitizers,
holds the potential to overcome existing challenges and elevate SDT
as a viable cancer therapy.
- Objective: This section aims to provide an understanding of SDT
principles and underscores the importance of adopting novel
approaches to improve its efficacy, with a specific focus on integrating
nano sensitizers.
Nano Sensitizers
Definition and Characteristics
Definition of Nano Sensitizers:
- Nano Sensitizers are nano-sized
materials designed to enhance the
therapeutic effects of Sonodynamic
Therapy (SDT).
Characteristics of Nano Sensitizers:
- Nanoscale: Typically, nano sensitizers
have dimensions on the nanometer scale,
allowing for improved bioavailability and
interaction with biological systems.
- **High Surface Area:** Large surface
area facilitates efficient drug loading and
interactions with ultrasound.
- **Tailored Properties:** Nano
Sensitizers can be engineered with
specific properties such as surface
charge, shape, and composition for
optimal therapeutic outcomes.
Types of Nanosensitizers in SDT
1. Inorganic Nanoparticles:
- Examples include gold nanoparticles, silica nanoparticles, and
iron oxide nanoparticles.
- Possess unique optical and magnetic properties that can be
exploited for both imaging and therapeutic purposes.
2. Organic Nanoparticles:
- Lipid-based or polymeric nanoparticles are commonly used.
- Offer versatility in drug delivery and can be tailored for controlled
release.
3. Carbon-Based Nanomaterials:
- Carbon nanotubes and graphene derivatives.
- Known for their excellent mechanical and thermal properties.
4. **Biological Nanosensitizers:**
- Derived from biological sources, such as proteins, lipids, or
nucleic acids.
- Biocompatible and may exhibit specific targeting capabilities.
5. **Hybrid Nanosensitizers:**