AGE ESTIMATION

THROUGH SKELETON

PRESENTED BY - PRESENTED TO-

SHIVAY Dr. BHUVNESH YADAV
MSc. FORENSIC
INTRODUCTION
Age estimation is an important factor in biological identification in many
forensic fields, such as forensic odontology, forensic medicine, forensic
anthropology, and forensic osteology.
Age estimation assists in narrowing the search possibilities for unidentified
deceased or living individuals for legal purposes.
Additionally, age estimation helps determine the age of perpetrators and
their subsequent penalty for criminal liability, particularly in young people.
SKULL
CRANIAL SUTURES
This process begins in the third and
fourth decades of life and the sutures
varies markedly from individual to
individual.

From 25 years- Coronal, Sagittal,

lambdoid sutures start closing
• 32 – 35yrs - Sagittal
• 40yrs - Coronal
• 45yrs - Lambdoid Skull sutures

• 60yrs - Squamous portion of

temporal bone fuses with parietal
bone.
(a) Open, with no evidence of bony
bridging across the suture.

(b) Minimal closure, indicated by

any evidence of bony bridging up to
50% closure.

(c) Significant closure, indicated by

evidence of bony bridging of greater
than 50%.

(d) Obliteration, with no trace

remaining of the suture margins
MANDIBULAR ANGLE ( in degrees)
Infancy- 160 – 175
1 – 3years - 150 - 160
6 – 12years - 125 - 140
15-17years - 120 - 130
18-21years - 900-125
30-40years - 950-115
> 40 year - obtuse angle
TEETHS
AGE FROM UPPER LIMB EXAMINATION
 HUMEROUS BONE

>19 years (united head of humerus) <19 (not united head of humerus with the body)
 ULNA AND RADIUS BONE

>20-21years ( closed lower ends of radius and ulna) < 20-21 ( non united lower ends of radius and ulna)
CARPELS

Less than18 more than18

REFERENCES
• Priya E. Methods of skeletal age estimation used by forensic anthropologists in adults: a review.
Forensic Res Criminol Int J. 2017;4(2):41-51. DOI: 10.15406/frcij.2017.04.00104
• Saunders SR, Fitzgerald C, Rogers T, et al. A test of several methods of skeletal age estimation
using a documented archaeological sample. Can Soc Forensic Sci. 1992;25(2):97–118.
• Age estimation in forensic odontologyodontology maninder kaur ,world journal of pharmaceutical
And medical research2016,2(5), 260-265.
• Age estimation: a dental approach shamim t, jpafmat, 2006; 6. Issn 0972-5687