ANALYSIS THE SHELL MODLE OF 2040Ca

NUCLEAR STRUCTURE

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shell structure
 Atoms consist of electrons in orbit
about a central nucleus.

 The nucleus of an atom consists of

neutrons and protons collectively
referred to as nucleons.

 Electrons revolve
around the nucleus in
a fixed circular path
termed “orbits ” or
“shells” or “energy
level”
 The different energy
levels are denoted by
integer such as n=1 or
n=2 or n=3 and so on.
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Evidence of Shell Model in atomic Physics

2, 10, 18, 36, 54,……

Atomic magic number

 Electron configuration

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6……

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 Evidence of Shell Model in the Nucleus

Double magic nuclei Nuclear Magic Numbers

highest stability Proton:2,8,20,28,50,82
Spherical Neutron:2,8,20,28,50,82,126,
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Resist deformatiom
 Independent particle motion and the shell model

Infinite Well or Harmonic Oscillator

Number of
State in Total number of
Value of l nucleons
infinite well nucleon
2 ( 2l + 1 )

1s 0 2 2

1p 1 6 8

1d 2 10 18

2s 0 2 20

1f 3 14 34

2p 1 6 40

1s 4 14 58

2d 2 18 68