Water treatment for

domestic consumption
Introduction
* Water that is free from harmful and disease causing
micro-organism is called portable water.

Water is polluted by industrial and commercial

activities that releases toxic compound to effluent
water.
Water treatments
• Coagulation
• Flocculation
• Sedimentation
• Filtration
• Disinfection.
Coagulation
This is the addition of coagulant like Aluminum
sulphate or poly aluminum chloride to water in other
to allow small particles clump together to form
bigger particles.
Flocculation
This is when the precipitates in water combine to
give larger ones.
 Sedimentation
This is the stage at which particles settles down due to
the influence of gravity.

This is done when water consist of large size organic

material.

The rate of sedimentation is enhanced by adding

coagulant.
Filtration
• It is an effective means of removing micro-
organisms and other suspended materals

• They are of two types namely; slow sand filter and

rapid sand filter
Slow sand filter
Chlorination
• Most commonly used disinfectant is chlorine or
chlorine compounds.

• Chlorine is a strong oxidant that rapidly kills many

harmful micro-organisms

• The amount of chlorine required depends on the

organic material and the number of micro-
organisms present.
Conclusion
In other for us to have a portable water, it must
follow the processes stated earlier which includes;
coagulation, flocculation, filtration,chlorination.
Thank you
for listening