Women in The Realization of Urban Agri - Rev3

Women in the Realization
of Urban Agriculture
Urban and Peri-Urban Vegetable
Gardening
Niña R. Rosales
BPI-LBNCRDPSC
March 30, 2022
Role of
Women in
Agriculture
Source: www.bing.com/images/clipground.com
• The central role of women in society has ensured the stability,
progress, and long-term development of nations.
• Globally, women comprise 43% of the world’s agricultural
labor force – rising to 70 percent in some countries.
Source: Global Volunteers

• In Africa, 80% of the agricultural production comes from small
farmers -- most of whom are rural women
• Agriculture can be the engine of growth and poverty reduction
in developing nations

On health and nutrition, women:
• play the largest role in decision-
making about family meal
planning and diet
• Women self-report more often
their initiative in preserving child
health and nutrition.
Source: www.facebook.com
Eliminating the gap between men
and women in access to
agricultural resources would raise
• yields on women’s farms by
20-30%
• agricultural production in
developing countries by 2.5-
4%
• reduce the number of
undernourished people by 12-
17% or 100-150 million
people.
Source: UN Women
“It must be emphasized that women play a major role in food
production and they also participate in the other stages of the value
chain such as preparation of seeds, planting, harvesting, postharvest,
processing, and marketing of their produce.”
- Bernadette Romulo-Puyat
Source: CNN Report 2018 (Anna Bueno)

“Women are also known as the keepers of
traditional knowledge and techniques in
preserving food production, as well as
custodians of traditional or indigenous
varieties of planting materials.”
- Bernadette
Romulo-Puyat
Source: CNN Report 2018 (Anna Bueno)

What is urban/peri-urban agriculture?
• Urban/ peri-urban
agriculture/farming or
gardening is the practice of
cultivating, processing, and
distributing food in or around a
village, town, or city.
• Urban/peri-urban
agriculture can also involve animal
husbandry, aquaculture,
agroforestry, urban beekeeping,
and horticulture.
Source: http://dictionary.sensagent.com/
• Home garden is a common type of nutrition garden. The main
purpose is to provide a supplementary source of essential
nutrients for the family diet.
Importance of Gardening
• Encourage consumption and regular inclusion of vegetables in
the diet
• Ensures good health
• Minimizes cash flow for other food item
Vegetable Gardening
• Practiced all over the world
• Provides stable supply of vegetables
• Requires the use of underutilized areas
• Activities done by members of the family
• Strategies are environment-friendly
Types of Vegetable Gardens
Home garden
Source: Panimulang Aklat sa Paggugulayan (Villareal, et.al.)
Community garden
School garden
Containerized garden
Planning the
Vegetable Garden
Site Selection
• Near the house/ school building
• With 8 to 10 hours sunlight
• Near the source of water

Size of the Garden
• Size of the family/ community
• Available space
• Gardener who will provide labor
• Number of species preferred
• Purpose of growing

Garden Lay-out
• Plots face the morning sun
• Plant perennials as live
posts
• Enclose with bamboo or
wire
• Plant repellent and
attractant crops
Land Preparation
• Loosen soil to 1-foot deep
• Get soils from pathways
• Add compost, manures, wood ash,
crushed egg shells
• If digging is not possible:
• Surround plot area with 2 layers of
hollow blocks or banana/ coconut
trunks / used lumber
• Add compost, manure, wood ash, etc.
Source: www.bing.com/clipart
Seedling Production
• Potting medium, 1:1:1:1 compost,
animal manure, rice hull & garden
soil
• 3 x 4 in2 plastic potlets
• 50-hole seedling tray Source: Panimulang Aklat sa Paggugulayan (Villareal, et.al.)
• 100-hole seedling tray

• Place under shade with plastic cover
• Use nylon net (32 mesh)
• Harden seedlings before
transplanting
Sowing
Source: www.bing.com/images
Source: www.freepik.com
Seedlings in paper or plastic potlets

Sowing in seedling trays/ seed flats
Transplanting
• Close spacing
• Climbing vegetables, 1 m between hills along fence

Recommended planting distance
Crop No. of Planting Distance Crop No. of Planting Distance
Rows (rows x hills) Rows (rows x hills)
Bitter Gourd 1 1.5 – 2.0 m Yardlong bean 2 1.0 x 0.6 m

Cadios 1 1.0 – 1.2 m Squash 2 1.5 x 1.5 m
Cowpea 1 30 cm Tomato 2 1.0 x 0.4 m
Eggplant 2 1 x 0.5 m Bottle Gourd 2 3.0 x 2.0 m
Okra 2 80 x 50 cm Basella 2 50 x 40 cm
Lima Bean 1 1.5 – 2.0 m Kangkong 2 30 x 30 cm
Sponge Gourd 2 1.0 x 1.0 m Amaranh 2 30 x 30 cm
Winged bean 2 1.5 x 1.0 m Jute 2 30 x 30 cm

Strategies for a
Successful Gardening
Know what to plant. . . .
• usually transplanted crops
are small-seeded that
needs extra care and
management inside the
nursery.
• usually direct seeded – big-
seeded crops; and
• should be direct seeded –
for root crops like carrots
and radish Source: www.bing.com/images
Soil management
• Regular application of compost for fruit-vegetables
• Mulch with dried manure and grasses
• Shallow cultivation while weeding
• Apply compost before planting a new crop
Relay Cropping
• Grow seedlings ahead of schedule of planting
• Transplant seedlings before harvesting the main crop in
the bed
Crop Rotation
To avoid occurrence of pests & diseases:
• Never plant in succession species of the same family
exemption: dry season- pechay-pechay- mustard
• Proper use of soil nutrients

Shallow rooted – deep rooted
Leafy – fruit – root - legume
Interplanting or Companion Planting
Advantages
• Efficient utilization of space
• Save labor in land preparation
• Complete use of soil nutrients
• More vegetables per unit time & space
Bush sitao + corn + mungbean

Cabbage + tomatoes
Corn + okra + pole sitao
Main crop + insect/pest repellent
Container Gardening
A micro model of farming where a family unit or

household is producing fruits and vegetables in special
containers for personal consumption to help improve the
income, health and well-being of its family members
(Deveza & Holmer, 2002)
Container Gardening
Advantages
• Can be done in limited space
• Can be done on cemented back/ front yards
• Can be transferred to preferred places
• Adds aesthetic value
Characteristic of a good soil medium
• Light (sandy loam or sandy soil)
• Mixture of 3:1:1 ratio of garden soil, compost and
charcoaled rice hull
• Coarse-textured medium to provide good aeration
Types of Containers
• The size of the container will depend on the type of plant to be
planted
• Big containers for deep-rooted plants such as tomato, eggplant
and root crops
• Shallow containers for leafy vegetables
• Can use plastic, rubber, aluminum, earthen pots, wood and
other materials as long as with holes at the bottom for
drainage
Columns and vertical garden set-up
Source: www.bing.com/images/decorating-hq.com
Old drawers / broken guitar
Source: www.bing.com/images/pinterest.com
Tin cans and used grape boxes
Hanging tomato plant
VEGE-TABLE Source: www.bing.com/images/garden365.com
Source: www.bing.com/images/heavy.com
Old tires and sacks
Sweet Potato in used plastic bottles and pots
Planting in Containers
• Put mixture of 3 parts garden soil, 1 part charcoaled rice hull
and 1 part compost or decomposed manure. Saw dust and
coconut coir dust can also be used to replace charcoaled rice
hull.
Seeds:
• ¼ to ½ inch depth for beans and
other large seeded crops
• pechay, mustard and lettuce seeds
could be directly planted in the
container
• seeds of carrots, radish and the likes
must be directly planted to prevent
forking/ malformation of roots
Seedlings:
• Presence of first true leaves
for pechay, mustard, lettuce
and the like
• fully established seedlings are
used for other transplanted
crops such as tomato,
eggplant and others
Watering
• Once to twice a day
• Water the plants until the
water comes out from the
bottom
• Frequent watering is needed
when using clay pots,
containers with many holes
and when the medium used
easily dries up
Nutrient Management
• Organic fertilizer needs to be applied about once every two
weeks for container grown plants.
• Use organic blends.
• Organic fertilizers are just as effective as synthetic chemicals,
and supply the required nutrients
Nutrient Management
• Vegetables in pots and in field need the same nutrients.
• All vegetables need Nitrogen, Phosphorous, and (K) Potassium,
for growth, flowering, and fruiting.
Fertilization
• Use liquid fertilizer or granular fertilizer dissolved in water
then drench in the soil
• Use organic fertilizer if possible
• Put fertilizer every two to three weeks or as necessary
Harvesting
• Topping like in sweet potato, jute, amaranth, kangkong
• Pulling the whole plants such as pechay, mustard
• Priming of fruits such as tomato, eggplant, okra and others.
• Be sure that the fruits are already matured
Seed Production
• Select healthy plants
• Collect fruits, extract seeds
• Air dry
• Put seeds in cold storage to
prolong seed viability
Source: Vegetable Production Guide (Villareal et.al.)

More Designs for
Containerized Garden
Department of Agriculture
Bureau of Plant Industry
Los Baños National Crop Research, Development
and Production Support Center
• Office Address: ANE Hall, Economic Garden, Timugan, Los Baños,
Laguna
• Contact No.: (049) 536 0285, 0966 598 6726, 0961 585 2488
• Email Address: bpi_losbanos@buplant.da.gov.ph
• Website: buplant.da.gov.ph
• Social Media link (if any): Bureau of Plant Industry - Los Baños
Center

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Women in the Realization

Source: Global Volunteers

Source: Global Volunteers

Source: CNN Report 2018 (Anna Bueno)

Source: CNN Report 2018 (Anna Bueno)

Source: Panimulang Aklat sa Paggugulayan (Villareal, et.al.)

Source: Panimulang Aklat sa Paggugulayan (Villareal, et.al.)

• 100-hole seedling tray

Seedlings in paper or plastic potlets

Source: Panimulang Aklat sa Paggugulayan (Villareal, et.al.)

Bitter Gourd 1 1.5 – 2.0 m Yardlong bean 2 1.0 x 0.6 m

Source: Panimulang Aklat sa Paggugulayan (Villareal, et.al.)

• Proper use of soil nutrients

Bush sitao + corn + mungbean

A micro model of farming where a family unit or

Source: Vegetable Production Guide (Villareal et.al.)

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