VATHA

Dr. Radhika Rani.R.K

I MD
Dept of Roganidana
 Thri-Doshas
Life is maintained by three basic
activities attributed to Vatha, Pitha
and Kapha
They represent the functional base
in the body that is made up of
gross principles like dhatu, mala etc.
Among them, Vatha represents all
biomotor activities of life – gross as
well as subtle
 Definition
“ Va Gathi Gandhanayoriti Dhatu ”
S.S.21/5
to move, to enthuse, to make known, to
enlighten

 Gathi – Motor – gross and subtle

 Gandhana – Sensory – Indriyaartha grahana
 Gunas
Bhoutik constitution
“Akasavayubhyam Vayu”
Ruksha Visada
Laghu Khara
Seeta Sukshma
Daruna Parusha
(soshanat Bahuseeghra
kadhinam Asamghata
karothi) Amoortatwa
Chala Yogavahitwa
 Atmarupas
The physical expressions of the gunas
specific to a Dosha
Seen both in physiological as well as
pathological states.
Roukshya
Laghava
Saitya
Vaisadya
Gathi
Amoortatwa (Adrisyatwam)
Anavasthitwa (chala swabhavat)
 Location
 Specific seat – Pakwasaya (Site of
formation, site of specific treatment)
 Asraya dhatu – Asthi
The structural base where the
functions are being expressed occuring in
The dhatu having gunas most similar
to that of Vatha
 Indriyas – Srotra & Sparsana
(based on the bhoutik constitution)
 Other sites – Kati, Sakthi, Pada
 Physiology

Formation from food – During third

stage of Annaparinama.
Food articles having the samana gunas of
vatha will add to those existing in the body during
this stage of digestion.
Effector of Koshtagati of other
doshas
 Physiology ...contn
 Uchvasa Nisvas  Gathimantham
Utsaha (Karyeshu (Pureeshadeenam
udyogo manasah) bahir nisarath)
 Praspandana  Development of
 Indriyapadava srothas in the body
 Vegapravatana  Controls and
 Doshasamsoshana promotes mental
m (sareera kleda function
samsoshanam)  Agnisameeranam
 Formation of foetus
 Physiology
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 Types
Based on the location, function and the
diseases produced, it is subdivided
into 5
 Prana

 Udana

 Vyana

 Samana

 Apana
 Prana
‘µÉxÉç mÉëÉhÉlÉã’
‘mÉëÉhÉrÉÌiÉ eÉÏuÉrÉÌiÉ CÌiÉ
mÉëÉhÉ:|’
Location - Murdha – Kandha, ura,
jihwa, asya, nasika (Nabhi)
Function
Maintaining dhamanis of Budhi, Indriya,
Hridaya & Mana
Urdhwanga gata Vegapravarthi - Steevana,
Kshavadhu, Udgara
Praswasa & Uchwasa, Annapravesa
‘lÉÉÍpÉxjÉ mÉëÉhÉmÉuÉlÉ: xmÉ×wOèuÉÉ
 Udana
Location – Uras – Kanta, nasika,
nabhi
Function
Vak pravarthi
Srotah preenana
Prayatna, Urja, Bala
Dhee, Dhrithi, Smrithi, Mano bodhana
‘E²WûlÉ-CÎlSìrÉÉlÉÉqÉç SÉUhÉqÉç-
ESÉlÉ’
 Vyana
Location – Hrudaya – Entire body
Function
All 5 types of physical activities
Nimesha, Unmesha, Jrumbha,
Annaswadana,
Srothovisodhana
Motility of Rakta and Sweda
Proper conveyance of Sukra in Yoni
Separation of food into Sara & Kitta,
Circulation of poshya bhavas to all
Dhatus
 Samana
Location – Near Agni
Ama pakwasaya chara
(Su)

Function
 Agnideepana
 Anna dharana
 Annapachana
 Sara – kitta vivechana
 Kitta adho nayana
 Promotes movement of Dosha, sweda,
Sukra, Artava and in their Srothases
 Apana
‘Apanayanat apanah’
Location – Apana – Vasthi, Sroni,
Medra, Vrishana, Vamshana, Uru
(Anthra)
Function
Expulsion of Pureesha, Mutra,
Sukra, Artava & Garbha
Physiological Variations
 Diurnal Variations
Last 1/3 of Day
Last 1/3 of Night
 In relation to food
Last stage of digestion
 In relation to Age
At old age
 Seasonal Variations (Kalakrithagathi)
Chaya in Greeshma (Ushna + Rukshadi)
Prakopa in Varsha (Seeta + Rukshadi)
Prasama in Sarat (Ushna + Snigdhadi)
 Pathological States
Vatha Kshaya
Ksheena dosha will not cause disease
independently or directly as they cant attain
Unmargagamana and hence unable to vitiate the
dushyas
“…….. lÉ ¤ÉÏhÉ: xuÉrÉqÉãuÉ SÒÈÎxjÉiÉiuÉÉiÉç ”
Chakrapani

Shows only lakshanas of reduced function of self

or increased function of the opponent
“ uÉÉतÌmɨÉMüTãücÉæuÉ ¤ÉÏhÉãsɤÉhÉqÉÑcrÉiÉã
MüqÉïhÉ: mÉëÉM×üiÉiuÉÉiÉç WûÉÌlÉ: uÉ×Ì®: uÉÉÌmÉ
ÌuÉUÉãÍkÉlÉÉqÉç”(C.S. Su 18 / 62)
 Kshaya lakshanas
Signs of reduced function
Praseka Aruchi
Hrillasa Alpavak
Moodhasajnata Alpacheshta
Angasada Apraharsha
Agnivaishamya
 Vatha Vridhi
Mechanisms
Dhathukshayaja
Avarana janya
Avaraka – 5 types of pitha and
kapha, rasa, rakta, mamsa, medas,
asthi, majja, sukra, sarvadhatu,
pureeshavaha, mutravaha, udakavaha,
annavaha
 Pre-clinical Stages of Vridhi
Chaya – ‘Samhatirupa vridhi’
Nidana – Ushna + Rukshadi samana gunas
Lakshanas – Stabdha koshtata
Poorna koshtata
Vipareeta gunecha
Prakopa – ‘Vilayarupa vridhi’
Nidana – Seeta + Rukshadi samana gunas
Lakshanas – Koshta toda
Koshta sancharana
Vipareeta gunecha
 Stages of Vridhi
Prasara –
Lakshanas - Vayoh vimargagamana
Atopa

Sthanasamsraya –
 Symptoms specific to a particular
disease begins - Purvarupas
 Visishta Purvarupa – eg: Vathika
Jwara – Jrimbha, Anga
 Nidana
Dhatukshaya janya
Rasa -Tikta, Katu, Pramitabhojana
Kashaya Nisa jagarana, adhyayana
Guna – Ruksha, laghu, Atyuchacha bhaashana
seetha, ghara,
Vyayama, balavadvigraha
sukshma, chala,
daruna, visada Vyavaya, plavana, patana
Articles – Sushka, saka, Vegodeerana,
roasted meat, varaka, Bhee, Soka, Chinta
syamaka, nivara, Kriya atiyoga
masura, uddalaka,
mudga, adhaki, Raktamokshana
kalaya, harenu,
nishpava
Alpa bhojana
 Nidanas specific for
subtypes of Vatha
Prana – Roukshya, Vyayama, Langhana, Atyahara,
Abhighata, adhwa, Vegodeerana, Vegadharana
Udana – Dharana of Kshavadhu, Udgara, Chardi &
Nidra, Guru bhara, Atirodana, Atihasya
Vyana – Atigamana, Dhyana, Kreeda, Vishama
cheshta, Virudha ahara, Ruksha, Bhee, Harsha,
Vishada
Samana – Vishama anna, Ajeerna, Seeta,
Sankeerna bhojana, Akala sayana & jagarana
Apana – Ruksha, Guru ahara, Adhogata
vegadharana, Ativahana, Atiyanayana,
Atyasana, Atisthana, Atichankramana
Pathological Actions of Vata
Sramsa Veshta
Vyasa Bhanga
Sanga Soola
Bheda Sosha
Thoda Swapa
Parushya
Harsha
Soushirya
Tharsha
Sankocha
Vartha Spandana
Angamarda Kashayarasatwa
Kampa Syava aruna
Vyadha varnata
Pathological Actions of Vata …contn

Responsible for the Saghagati of other Doshas

Highlighted by its role in Prasara of
Doshas by Susrutha
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SÉãwÉÇ ÌuÉMüUÇ MÑüÂiÉã ZÉã
uÉwÉïÍqÉuÉ iÉÉãrÉSÈ”
Responsible for the Asayapakarshagati
 Vridhi Lakshanas

Karsya Asthisoola
Karshnya Majjasosha
Gatrakampa Malasanga
Sphurana Adhmana
Ushnakamita Atopa
Sanjanasa Moha
Nidranasa Dainya
Bala upaghata Bhaya
Soka
Indriya upaghata
Pralapa
 Sama – Nirama Vatha
Vibandha Staimitya
Agnisada Gowrava
Tandra Alasya
Antrakoojana Snigdhatwa
Vedana Saitya
Sopha Katu, ruksha abhilasha
Nistoda Vridhi with Sneha
Angagraha Vridhi during
Arochaka mornings, nights and
Tandra cloudy season
 Diseases caused by Vatha
Samanyaja
Nanatmaja
Nanatmaja
 Na anatmaja
 Vatha alone responsible
 80 types
 They may be manifestations produced
by vatha in a localised part alone
 Some may be self limiting also
 Samanyaja rogas

 Vathika disorders that can be initiated

or modified by other doshas
 3 categories

Category 1 – Clinical features produced

during samsraya at different sthanas
Category 2 – Clinical features produced
during avarana by others
Category 3 – Specific diseases having a
well defined Samprapthi
 Category 1
C/fs due to Samraya at specific sites
Amasaya Trishna, Chardi, Swasa, Kasa, Vishuchika,
Kantoparodha, Udgara, Rogas above Nabhi
Pakwasaya Soola, Anaha, Antrakujana, Malarodha,
Asmari, Vridhi, Arsas, Trika prishta katee
graha, Adhakaya rogas
Twak Sphutana, Rukshata
Rakta Teevraruja, Swapa, Tapa, Raga, Vivarnata,
Arumshi, annavishtambha, Aruchi, Krisata,
Bhrama
Mamsa Todhya karkasa grandhi, Bhrama
Medas Gurvanga, Atiruk, Sthabdha, Mushtidanda
hatopama
 C/fs due to Samraya at specific sites

Asthi Sakthisoola, Sandhisoola, Asthisoola,

Theevra bala kshaya
Majja Asthi sowshirya, Aswapna, Sthabdata, Ruja
Sukra Seeghrom utsarga, Sanga, Garbha vikrithi

Sira Sira adhmana / riktata

Snayu Gridhrasi, Ayama, Kubjata

Sandhi Vata purna driti sparsa sopham, Savedanam

pravruthi
Sarvanga Toda, Bheda, Sphurana, Bhanjanam,
Stambham, Akshepanam, Swapam,
Sandhyakunjana, Kampanam
 Category 2
C/fs of Avarana by Pitha
General Daha, Thrishna,, Soola, Bhrama, Thama,
Vidaha with Katu, Amla, Lavana and Ushna,
Seetakamata
Prana Bhrama, Murcha, Ruja, Daha, Vamana during
vidagdha state of anna
Udana Same as above & Antardaha, Urja bhramsa

Vyana Sarvanga daha, Santapa, Vedana, Klama,

Anga cheshta sanga
Samana Ushma upahathi, Atisweda, Thrishna, Arathi

Apana Daha, Haridra varchah, Atiruk, Yoni mehana

payu tapa
 C/fs of Avarana by Kapha

General Saithya, Gowrava, Soola, Upasaya with Katu,

Amla, Lavana and Ushna, Langhana, ayasa,
ruksha, ushna kamata
Prana Sada, Tandra, Aruchi, Vami, Samgraha for
shteevana, kshavadhu, udgara, niswasa,
uchwasa
Udana Gurugatratwa, Aruchi, Vakgraha,
swaragraha, Nasa of bala & varna
Vyana Parvagraha, Asthigraha, Vakgraha,
angaguruta, Skhalitagati
Samana Atihimangatwa, Asweda, Mandavahnita
Apana Sakapha mutra & pureesha
 C/fs of Avarana Vatha By Dhatus

Rakta Sadaharti between twak & mamsa, Raga

swayadhu, Mandalas
Mamsa Kadhina sopha, Vivarna pitaka, Harsha,
Pipeelika sancharanam
Medas Chala snigdha mridu seeta sopha, Arochaka,
Adhyavata
Asthi Atyushna sparsa, Peedanam abhinandate,
Suchivat toda, Seedate
Majja Vinamana, Jrumbhana, Pariveshtana, Soola,
Peedanat sukham
 C/fs of Avarana Vatha By Dhatus
…….contn
Sukra Ativega, Avega, Nishphala
Anna Kukshi ruk, Jeerne samyati
Mutra Mutra apravruthi, Vastow adhmana
Pureesha Adhovibandha, Pakwasaye parikrnthanam,
Snehasya asu jaranam, Bhukte anaham,
Dugham sushkam chirat srujet
Sarvadhatu Sroni vamshana prisha ruk, Marutasya
vilomata, aswastham hridayam
 Anyonyavarana
Signs and symptoms avaraka
avarana
Soonyata of indriya, reduction
in smruti and bala prana vyana

Over sweating, Twak dosha

Numbness, loma harsha vyana prana

Destruction of strength, power,

colour, mrutyu udana prana
c/fs produced by each subtypes of
Vatha
Prana

Udana

Vyana

Samana

Apana
 Category 3
Vatha vyadhis
 Apatantraka  Dandakam
 Antarayama  Apabahuka / Viswachi
 Bahyayama  Khanjam / Pangu
 Vranayama  Kalayaghanjam
 Hanusramsa  Urustambha
 Jihwastambha  Kroshtukaseersha
 Ardita  Vatakandakam
 Siragraha  Gridhrasi / Khalwi
 Pakshavadham  Padaharsha
 Sarvanga roga  Padadaha
 Other conditions of Vatha
predominance

 Ama vatha
 Vatha sonitha
 During Dhatupaka state in any disease
 During stage of Bheda – Chronicity of any
disease