Chapter 15 Ideal gases

The mole
• It refers to the amount of substance and is an SI base quantity having
base unit mol.
• One mole of any substance is the amount containing a number of
particles of that substance equal to the Avogadro constant NA.
• The Avogadro constant NA is the number of atoms in 0.012 kg of
carbon-12 atom.
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Equation of state
• An ideal gas is a gas that obeys the ideal gas equation pV=nRT at all
pressures, volumes and temperatures, that is:

N: no of moles

R: molar gas constant= 8.3 J/K/mol

: molar volume; volume occupied by 1

mole of the gas

N: number of molecules in the gas

K: Boltzmann constant= 1.38 x 10 -23 J/k

Examples
• Find the volume occupied by 1 mole of air at standard temperature
and pressure (273 K and 1.01x 105 Pa), taking R as 8.3 J/K/mol for air.
• Find the number of molecules per cubic metre of air at standard
temperature and pressure.
• A syringe contains 25 x 10-6 m3of helium gas at a temperature of 200C
and a pressure of 5.0 x 10 4 Pa. The temperature is increased to 400 0C
and the pressure is increased to 2.4 x 105Pa. Find the new volume of
gas in the syringe.