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STEP-II
FOR M A HY P OT H E S I S O R P R E D I C T I O N
SELECTION OF
A RESEARCH METHOD
&
RESEARCH DESIGN
Statistical
Analysis
Research ES
Methods/ IN
RM
Research E TE
D
Design
S
Hypothesis INE
TE RM
DE
Research
IN ES
Question ERM
D E T
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH QUESTIONS
Descriptive/
Correlational Prediction
Prevalence
Causal Comparative
CATEGORIES OF HYPOTHESES
HYPOTHESIS OF
ASSOCIATION
NOTICE THE FOURTH QUESTION:
HYPOTHESIS OF
PREDICTION/
EXPLANATION
NOTICE THE THIRD QUESTION:
HYPOTHESIS OF
TREATMENT
EFFECT
HYPOTHESIS FORMATION FOR
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS
HYPOTHESIS FORMATION FOR
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH DESIGNS
The results of the Statistical Analysis of the obtained data will either
provide support for the hypothesis, or will refute the hypothesis.
1) Logical
2) Testable
3) Refutable
4) Positive
1) LOGICAL
For Example:
Hypothesis: The human mind emits thought waves that influence other
people, but that cannot be measured or recorded in any way.
Alternative
Null Hypothesis Hypothesis
(Ho)
(HI)
NULL HYPOTHESIS
The assumption that:
Refers to the unexpected finding that study variables will not be related
in a meaningful way that is consistent with your theory and the results
of past research
ALTERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS
Directional Non-Directional
Hypothesis Hypothesis
Hypothesis Formation For
Correlational Research
Describing Prediction
Reliability and
Relationship (Explanatory
Validity
between Variables Research)
Describing Relationship between Variables
Quasi
Non- Experimental
Experimental Research
Research Design Design
Quasi
Non- Experimental
Experimental Research
Research Design Design
Why?
Sampling Error - Researchers are forced to study samples of people and
these samples do not necessarily represent all people.
LEVEL OF SIGNIFICANCE
5 out of 100