BINOCULARS

KRUTIKA YADAV
CLASS: 10TH ANTARIKSH
ROLL NO. - 16
SUBJECT : SCIENCE 1
SUBMITTED TO : MUGDHA DIDI
 BINOCULARS
Phoenician cooking on sand first discovered
glass around 3500 BCE, but it took another
5,000 years or so before glass was shaped into a
lens to create the first telescope. Binoculars are
versatile tools that provide enlarged images of
distant objects, used in a variety of settings,
such as hiking, wildlife viewing, birding,
hunting and stargazing. The binoculars are
made of two telescopes mounted on a single
frame that allow the use of both eyes. J.P.
Lemiere invented the first real binocular
telescope in 1825.
CONSTRUCTION OF BINOCULARS
RAY DIAGRAM
 WORKING OF BINOCULARS

 Objective Lenses: At the front end of the binoculars, there are objective
lenses. These gather light from distant objects and focus them towards the
eyepieces.
 Prism System: To make the binoculars more compact and provide the
correct orientation of the image, prisms are used. The most common type of
prism used is the Porro prism or the roof prism. These prisms reflect the
light path internally, ensuring that the image appears correctly oriented and
that the binoculars remain relatively compact.
 Eyepieces: After the light is reflected by the prism system, it reaches the
eyepieces. The eyepieces further magnify the image formed by the objective
lenses. This magnified image is what the viewer sees.
 Magnification and Field of View: The magnification of binoculars is
determined by the ratio of the focal length of the objective lenses to
that of the eyepieces. For instance, 10x42 binoculars mean they
magnify the image 10 times and have objective lenses with a
diameter of 42mm. Field of view refers to the width of the area you
can see through the binoculars at a specified distance.
 Adjustments: Most binoculars come with adjustments like focusing
wheels to help users get a clear and sharp image. There might also
be adjustments for the distance between the eyes (interpupillary
distance) to ensure a comfortable viewing experience.
 USES
1) Astronomy: While binoculars are not as powerful as telescopes, they can be used for stargazing,
observing planets, and viewing celestial events like meteor showers.
2) Wildlife Viewing: Help viewers observe wildlife from a safe and respectful distance.
3) Hunting: Used to spot game from a distance, ensuring a clearer view of potential targets and
their surroundings.
4) Outdoor Activities: In activities like hiking, camping, or boating it’s used to observe
landscapes, navigational points, or distant landmarks.
5) Sports and Events: Used at sporting events, concerts, or theater performances to get a closer
view of the action or performers.
6) Military and Law Enforcement: Professionals in these fields use binoculars for surveillance and
observation purposes.
7) Travel
8) Photography: Some photographers use binoculars to scout locations or subjects before setting
up their cameras, ensuring they capture the desired shots.
 CONCLUSION
Through the exploration, I have understood that binoculars aren't just tools to make things look
bigger. They're really well-made devices that help us see faraway things better. Binoculars are made
using different lenses and prisms. These lenses and prisms work together to make the picture
clearer. The big lens at the front gathers light from far away. Then, this light moves through some
prisms to the smaller lens where we look through. Because of this setup, what we see looks bigger
and just the right way up.

Binoculars help us see things far away, like stars or animals, as if they're really close. They're handy
for people who love space or nature and by knowing how binoculars work, we can appreciate how
much we've improved making them better with new technology.