Rocket

By Abeba Ewunetu
 Introduction to Rockets
 A rocket is a vehicle or device that is propelled through space or the

atmosphere by the expulsion of exhaust gases produced by the combustion of

fuel.

 Rockets work on the principle of action and reaction, as described by

Newton's third law of motion. When the rocket engine expels high-speed

gases in one direction, it generates a force in the opposite direction, propelling

the rocket forward.

 Components of rocket
 Payload: The payload refers to the cargo or equipment that the rocket

carries. This could include satellites, scientific instruments, spacecraft, or

even humans in the case of crewed missions.

 Rocket Engine: The rocket engine generates the thrust required to propel

the rocket. It burns a combination of fuel and oxidizer to produce high-

pressure and high-velocity exhaust gases.

 Guidance System: The guidance system of a rocket includes sensors,

computers, and control mechanisms that help steer and stabilize the

rocket during flight.

 Structure system: provides the framework and support for all the

components (which contains nose cone, body, and fins).

 Propellant: The propellant is the combination of fuel and oxidizer used

in the rocket engine.

 How a rocket works
 Propellant Combustion: produce high-pressure and high-temperature

gases through combustion.

 Thrust Generation: The propellant is ignited in the rocket engine

combustion chamber. The combustion process generates a large volume of

hot gases at high pressure. These gases are expelled through a nozzle at the

rear of the rocket, creating a high-velocity exhaust jet.

 Newton's Third Law: As the exhaust gases are expelled with high velocity

in one direction, the rocket experiences an equal and opposite reactive

force in the opposite direction

 Control and Steering: Rockets have mechanisms to control and

steer their direction of flight. This means adjusting the direction

of the exhaust nozzle to change the thrust vector.

 Staging: Many rockets are multi-stage, meaning they have two or more

stages stacked on top of each other.

 Payload Deployment: Once the rocket reaches its desired altitude and

velocity, it separates from the payload, which could be a satellite, spacecraft,

or other cargo.
 Real-time and embedded in rocket
 Rockets typically incorporate real-time and embedded systems.

 Real-time systems are used for time-critical operations, such as guidance,

navigation, and control.

 Embedded systems are used for various functions, including avionics,

telemetry, which are integrated into the rocket's structure.

Thank you!