Cinema

as an Art

by Group 5
 GROUP MEMBERS

Dominic Asenjo Kaith Eribal Jeffany Lacorte

Febelyn Ornido Casey Quezon Aszel Royo

 contents
1 Brief History of Cinema 4 Film Theories

2 Elements of Cinema 5 Film Genres

3 Principles of Cinema 6 Film Movements

Brief History of
Cinema
 brief history of cinema
• No one person invented cinema. However, in 1891 the Edison Company
successfully demonstrated a prototype of the Kinetoscope, which enabled one
person at a time to view moving pictures.

• 1893 - The first public Kinetoscope demonstration.

• 1894 - The Kinetoscope was a commercial success, with public parlours
established around the world.

• Lumière brothers - The first to present projected moving pictures to a paying

audience in December 1895 in Paris, France. They used a device of their own
making, the Cinématographe, which was a camera, a projector and a film
printer all in one.
 what is Cinema?
• abbreviation of the word Cinematography
• derived from the Greek word “kinematographos” - where
“kinema” means movement and “grapho” means to write
or to record
• also referred to as Film, Movie or Moving/Motion Pictures
Elements of
Cinema
 Camera Angles

Film Type Shots

Elements LIGHTING

OF Cinema
COLOR

Sound or Audio Editing

Mise-en-Scene
 Elements of Cinema

FILM TYPE CAMERA ANGLES

is a stylistic or thematic classification for camera angle refers to how the camera is
movies that is based on commonalities in the operated, positioned and moved for
story, the artistic style, or the viewer's specific effects. aspects of camerawork
emotional reaction. include

Positioning Movement

Framing Exposure

Comed Actio Fictio Lens

y n n choice
 Elements of Cinema
SHOTS
a crucial component of video production
and filmmaking because they allow
directors to highlight particular feelings,
concepts, and movements in each scene
by blending various views, angles, and
camera movements.
COLOR
based on the color's hue (name), intensity
(the hue's purity), value (the brightness or
hue's darkness). The mix of colors can
play a significant part in the design.
 Elements of Cinema

LIGHTING SOUND OR AUDIO

the skill of manipulating either artificial or
natural light to draw attention to particular parts
of a scene. elements of lighting include
Quality Source
used to describe music that consists of
vocal and/or instrumental sounds blended
in a way that creates harmony, beauty of
form, and emotional expression.

Direction Color
 Elements of Cinema

EDITING MISE-EN-SCENE
involves selecting, modifying, and organizing is a phrase from French meaning
pictures and sound., editing is generally done "everything." inside the frame, It is an
for four different reasons explanation of every object. inside the
media product's frame and the
Rhythmic Temporal arrangement of them., a breakdown of the
mise en scene consists of: set staging,
props, costumes, and composition
Graphic Spacial
Principles of
cINEMA
 PRINCIPLES OF
CINEMA
FRAMING RAIN-SOAKED SCENE
is the strategic placement of things within the
frame to highlight a character's importance or
communicate their feelings, offering subtle
clues that improve the overall story experience
 PRINCIPLES OF
CINEMA
CAMERA MOVEMENT ONE SHOT MOVIE
is an effective storytelling method that gives an
image more depth and complexity, engages
viewers dynamically, directs their attention, and
increases the story's emotional impact by
changing viewers' points of view
 PRINCIPLES OF
CINEMA
COMPOSITION PRISON ESCAPE
is the arrangement of elements in a shot that
determines the visual consistency and impact of
the story in cinematography
 PRINCIPLES OF
CINEMA
LIGHTING JARED’S INRO SCENE
plays a crucial role in setting the tone,
ambiance, and emotional mood of a scene;
filmmakers strategically manipulate shadows
and highlights to focus attention on specific
elements, contributing to the overall visual
narrative by establishing the mood and tone of
the story.
 PRINCIPLES OF
CINEMA
EXPOSURE BEAR ATTACK SCENE
the amount of light that enters the camera lens
determines the exposure, which in photography
and cinematography is a crucial factor in
brightness and visibility of the scene.
 Film
Theories
fILM THEORIES
• Formalism Theory
• Structuralism Theory
• Apparatus Theory
• Marxist Film Theory
• Feminist Film Theory
• Queer Theory
• Auteur Theory
• NeoFormalism Theory
 FILM THEORIES
FORMALISM THEORY
Formalist Film Theory looks at the technical
aspects of film. It focuses heavily on how the
style of a production communicates an
intended message.
APPARATUS THEORY
Apparatus theory circles about the cinema and
audience connectivity relationship. It is an affinity
between the movie audiences and the eyes of the
movie cameras being used in a cinematic film.
STRUCTURALISM THEORY
States that there is a basic underlying structure
to film. It focuses on recurring themes as well as
the use of signs, symbols, and conventions to
interpret film.
MARXIST FILM THEORY
Primarily concerned with the production of
film. Marxist theory is based in influencing
the viewer through realistic and unbiased
structure.
 FILM THEORIES
FEMINIST FILM THEORY
Examines the relationship between women and
film. Originally focused on depictions of
women in cinema, Feminist Theory critiques
The Male Gaze.
AUTEUR THEORY
Promotes the idea that the director ultimately is
the author (auteur) of a film. A true auteur has
distinctive characteristics that mark their work,
regardless of other influences on the project.
QUEER THEORY
It examines and questions depictions of
people whose sexual and gender identities
have been historically marginalized.
NEOFORMALISM THEORY
Neoformalists take into account to the cognitive
effect of film on the viewer. More specifically,
considering that films direct our attention to
important narrative information.
Genres of
Cinema

ACTION
involves a lot of action scenes including
violence, like fighting or shoot-outs (with
weapons), car chases and often lots of
explosions
John Wick
Genres of Cinema
ADVENTURE
journey that often takes place in exotic locations
and can involve exploration or a quest
Pirates of the Carribean
 Genres of Cinema
ANIMATED COMEDY
instead of real actors on the screen, drawn the main idea is to make the audience laugh
images (nowadays computer-generated ones) are
used to tell the story

Toy Story Cheetah-eh: Ganda Lalake?


DRAMA
serious and focus on the emotions of realistic
characters and the conflicts they have.
Genres of Cinema
FANTASY
often involve some form of magic or
supernatural elements and sometimes magical
creatures or beings too

Past Lives Harry Potter

 Genres of Cinema
HISTORICAL HORROR
can be based on real events in the past or objective is to scare the viewer and if possible,
sometimes just the time period is used as the make them scream (often done with a jump
setting and all events are fictitious scare)

Gladiator Annabelle
 Genres of Cinema
MUSICAL ROMANCE
movies where songs are sung by the characters love stories that focus on the romantic
as a part of the narrative and usually help involvement of the main characters and the
advance the plot or develop the film’s characters development of their relationship

La La Land The Notebook

 Genres of Cinema
SCIENCE FICTION THRILLER
also known as Sci-Fi, are fictional stories based evokes excitement and suspense in the audience
on science

Star Wars The Sixth Sense

 Genres of Cinema
WESTERN HYBRID
fictional events based in the American West mixture of different types of genres
(also known as the Wild West) during the 19th
century

Unforgiven Scary Movie

 Film
Movements
 german expressionism
(1919 - 1926)

Description
Translated from French as "truthful cinema,"
is a documentary film style that emerged in
the 1960s, aiming to capture reality as it
unfolds without significant interference or
manipulation by the filmmaker.

The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari directed by Robert

Wiene
 surrealism
(1924 - 1930)

Description
The Surrealism movement originated in
Paris in the 1920s and challenged traditional
art forms by using absurd or shocking
imagery.

Un Chien Andalou by director Luis Buñuel and

the Surrealist artist Salvador Dalí
 soviet montage
(1924 - 1933)

Description
Soviet montage originated in Russia at the
State Film School. Soviet montage films
lack individual central characters; the stories
instead center on groups or classes of people
and resemble documentaries.

Eisenstein's masterpiece, Battleship Potemkin

(1925)
 poetic realism
(1930 - 1939)

Description
Originating in France, Poetic Realism films
feature a nostalgic tone and often focus on
unfulfilled love. Also, known for blending
the realism of everyday life with a sense of
poetic melancholy.

Les Bas-fonds (1936) by Jean Renoir

 italian neorealism
(1942 - 1951)

Description
One of the most highly influential
movements in film history, Italian
neorealism marked a conscious move away
from Hollywood-style filmmaking toward
more realistic characters and stories.

Ladri di Biciclette (Bicycle Thieves) (1948)

directed by Vittorio De Sica
 the french new wave
(1919 - 1926)

Description
The movement aimed to give directors full
creative control over their work, allowing
them to eschew overwrought narrative in
favor of improvisational, existential
storytelling.

The 400 Blows directorial debut of François

Truffaut
 british new wave
(1919 - 1926)

Description
Naturalistic, spontaneous, and shot in black
and white with nonactors in real locations,
British New Wave films focus on the
working class and the hardships of daily life.

Look Back in Anger (1959, directed by Tony

Richardson)
 cINEMA VERITÉ
(1950-1960)

Description
Translated from French as "truthful cinema,"
is a documentary film style that emerged in
the 1960s, aiming to capture reality as it
unfolds without significant interference or
manipulation by the filmmaker.

Grey Gardens by David Maysles

 thIRD CINEMA
(1960-1970)

Description
Latin American film movement that
emerged in the 1960. Third Cinema
filmmakers sought to produce films that
were socially and politically engaged, often
addressing social inequality and cultural
identity.
Black Girl by Ousmane Sembene
 NEW GERMAN CINEMA
(1960-1980)

Description
New German cinema was a film movement
that took place between 1960-1980 that was
inspired by French new wave and the theme
displayed through this movement was
finding one’s self.

Yesterday Girl by Alexander Kluge

 NEW HOLLYWOOD
(1960-1980)

Description
Movement in American film history from
the mid-1960s to the early 1980s with a
group of young and innovative filmmakers
challenging established conventions and
introducing a new wave of creativity and
experimentation.
Bonnie and Clyde by Arthur Penn
 CINEMA DU LOOK
(1980-1990)

Description
“Cinéma du look" also called as ”cinema of
the look” refers to a French film movement
that emerged in the 1980s.It is characterized
by a strong emphasis on visual style and
extravagant aesthetics.

Betty Blue by Jean-Jacques Beineix

 DOGME 95
(1995-2005)

Description
Dogme 95 is a filmmaking movement that
was established in 1995 that aims to
emphasize the use of simple and accessible
techniques while rejecting elaborate special
effects and technology.

The Celebration by Thomas Vinterberg

Thank You
for listening!