Lesson 14.

The Romantic Period and

the Victorian Period
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Learning Competencies

● Demonstrate understanding and appreciation of

21st century literature of the world through a
written close analysis and critical interpretation of a
literary text in terms of form and theme, with a
description of its context derived from research
(EN12Lit-IIb-32).
Learning Competencies

● Demonstrate understanding and appreciation of

21st century literature of the world through a
critical paper that analyzes literary texts in relation
to the context of the reader and the writer or a
critical paper that interprets literary texts using any
of the critical approaches (EN12Lit-IId-25).
● Demonstrate understanding and appreciation of
21st century literature of the world through an
adaptation of a text into other creative forms using
multimedia (EN12Lit-IIc-33).
 Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

do the following:
● Recognize the text during the industrial revolution
and era of romanticism.
● Identify famous literary texts during the romantic
period like Emma, Frankenstein, and “Song of
Innocence and Experience.”
● Recognize text and discussion popular during the
Victorian period.
 Objectives

At the end of this lesson, the learner should be able to

do the following:
● Identify famous literary texts like A Tale of Two Cities
and Jane Eyre.
 Essential Question

How does one distinguish the characteristics of

Romantic and Victorian literature?
 Try it!
Warm-Up

Quick Writes
For five minutes, list as many concepts about the Romantic
and Victorian eras that you can recall from your previous
literature and history classes.
 Try it!
Warm-Up

Guide Questions
1. Can you give examples of literary pieces you have read that
were written during the Romantic Period?
2. Can you give examples of literary pieces you have read that
were written during the Victorian Period?
Unlocking of Difficulty

1. robust (adjective) - healthy; strong and full of

vigor
Despite being in her sixties, my grandmother is still
robust enough to take ballroom dancing lessons.
Unlocking of Difficulty

2. hitherto (adverb) - from the past to the

timeframe being discussed
The team was incensed because the client was not
adhering to the terms that were hitherto agreed
upon.
Unlocking of Difficulty

3. anchorage (noun) - reliable or suitable place to

pass time (can also refer to good company)
Tina did not mind waiting in line to buy concert
tickets because talking to her friends provided good
anchorage.
Unlocking of Difficulty

4. fickleness (noun) - the state of having constantly

changing opinions or feelings
Joyce finds it difficult to eat out with Henry because
they keep changing restaurants due to his
fickleness.
Unlocking of Difficulty

5. forbearance (noun) - self-control; restraint

The father summoned every bit of forbearance he
had not to yell when he saw that his son had
broken a window with his baseball.
 Learn about It

The Romantic and Victorian Periods are both

reactions to the previous literary movements
and events.
 Learn about It

The Romantic Period

● Romanticism, which was considered to have taken place
from 1770 to 1830, was a reaction to the industrial
revolution.
● The writers of romanticism wrote about nature as a way of
reclaiming a life threatened by urbanization.
● The Romantic period focuses on the emotions and
expressions of man.
 Learn about It

The Romantic Period

● Praise of nature is the most common subject during this
period.
● Romantics are obsessed with showing originality and
authority.
 Learn about It

Famous Writers during the Romantic Period

● Jane Austen
● Mary Shelley
● Ann Radcliffe
● Sir Walter Scott
● John William Polidori
● William Blake
● William Wordsworth
● Samuel Taylor Coleridge
● Lord Byron
 Learn about It

The Victorian Period

● started in the reign of Queen Victoria, which lasted from
1837 to 1901
● characterized by a decline in religious belief and novelists
writing about the hopeless status of humanity in a modern
world
● seen through the lens of realism, and writers during this time
wanted to chronicle the struggles during this period
 Learn about It

The Victorian Period

● language was restrained, with fewer figures of speech
● approaches literature deliberately and carefully, using irony to
challenge its readers as well as using long and complicated
plots in their novels
 Learn about It

Famous Writers during the Victorian Period

● Charles Dickens
● The Brontë Sisters (Charlotte, Emily, and Anne Brontë)
● George Eliot (pseudonym of Mary Ann Evans)
● Thomas Hardy
Learn about It

Persuasion
(Excerpt from Chapter 23)
Jane Austen
 Learn about It

Guide Questions
1. Do some research on Jane Austen’s life and works. Which
aspect of the time period she was in is reflected in the
excerpt?
2. Jane Austen’s work is sometimes considered a precursor to
Victorian literature. Why do you think that is?
 Learn about It

Guide Questions
3. The excerpt covers a debate between Anne Elliot and Captain
Harville about the difference between how men and women
love.
a. List down the points of each character.
b. Which person do you agree with? Why?
4. Which aspects or themes from the story still apply to today’s
world?
Analysis

Read the story carefully and answer the questions that

follow.

Wuthering Heights
(Excerpt from Chapter Nine)
Emily Brontë
 Analysis

Guide Questions

1. In one scene, Catherine Earnshaw and a maid in their

house’s service, Nelly Dean, discuss Catherine’s
engagement to Edgar Linton and whether or not she was
right to accept his proposal.
a. Consider the reasons Catherine gives for why she claims
she loves Edgar and Nelly’s assertion that the reasons
are “bad,” “indifferent,” and “worse.” Do you agree with
Catherine or Nelly in this regard? Explain.
 Analysis

Guide Questions

b. In this conversation, much is said or implied about the

characters’ social status and class differences. Catherine
claims she cannot marry the person she loves,
Heathcliff, because it would “degrade” her. It is also
made clear in the excerpt that Heathcliff is both
Catherine’s friend and a servant at their estate. What do
you think this scene says about the Victorian era?
 Analysis

Guide Questions

2. As discussed, Victorian literature is characterized by two

main traits: long, complicated plots and the discussion of
the hopeless status of humanity. Wuthering Heights is a
good example of this. The excerpt is from the part of the
novel that covers the youth of Heathcliff, who serves as the
novel’s main character.
 Analysis

Guide Questions

a. Based on the above statements and on the events in the

excerpt, how do you think the story will progress? How
will it end?
b. Which parts of the excerpt served as your basis for your
prediction?
 Analysis

Guide Questions

3. Compare the language used in Persuasion and in

Wuthering Heights to the language used in the texts from
the Old, Middle, and Elizabethan ages.
a. What differences can you see? How has language
progressed?
 Analysis

Guide Questions

b. Writers during the Victorian era lessened their use of

figurative language. Do you think this was beneficial to
the work, or would it have been better to use more
figures of speech? Explain.
 Analysis

Criteria Does Not Meet Nearly Meets Meets Expectations Exceeds Expectations
Expectations Expectations 3 4
1 2

Content
The answers to the The answers to the The answers to the The answers to the
(40%)
Clear and comprehensive questions are neither questions are somewhat questions are clear and questions are very clear
answers to the questions clear nor clear and somewhat comprehensive. and very
comprehensive. comprehensive. comprehensive.

Organization
There is no logical There is a somewhat There is a logical There is a very logical
(40%)
Logical progression of progression of logical progression of progression of progression of
details; clear transitions details/events. The details/events. The details/events. The details/events. The
between ideas
transitions between ideas transitions between ideas transitions between ideas transitions between ideas
are not seamless. are somewhat seamless. are seamless. are very seamless.

Language (20%)
There are four or more There are two to three There is one language There are no language
Spelling, mechanics,
grammar, and word language errors. language errors. error. errors.
 Values Integration

How does learning about literature from the Romantic

and Victorian periods help us understand how the time
one lives in influences the art that is produced?
 Synthesis

1. Form groups of four to five.

2. Your teacher will assign a novel from either the Romantic or
Victorian Period to each group.
3. Choose one scene from the novel assigned to you. The scene
must adhere to the following parameters:
a. It must be adaptable into a 10- to 15-minute skit.
b. It must involve two to five characters.
c. It must have a lot of dialogue and the characters must be
conversing with each other.
 Synthesis

4. Adapt the scene into a 10- to 15-minute skit.

a. Rather than performing the scene as it is shown in the novel,
transpose it to a modern setting.
b. Tweak the events so it believably happens in modern times
while still maintaining the theme and general plot of the
original.
c. The dialogue should be translated into modern English.
 Synthesis

5. After all groups have presented their skits, write a paper

answering the following questions as a group:
a. Why did you choose that particular scene?
b. What difficulties did you encounter while adapting the
scene?
c. Was it easy or difficult to transpose the scene to a modern
setting? Why do you think that was?
d. Based on the activity, what can you say about how context
and real-life occurrences affect works of literature?
 Assignment
1. Watch a movie adaptation of a work from the Romantic or Victorian
period. Your teacher will give you some suggestions on what to watch,
but you may choose a different film provided that it follows the
following parameters:
a. The film must be based on the original rather than derivative work
(2014’s I, Frankenstein, for example, is based on a graphic novel and
not the Mary Shelley original). However, it can be a film that
transposes the events to a modern setting.
b. The film must have been released between 1990 to the present
year.
c. The film must have received good reviews from critics.
 Assignment
2. Write a 700-word movie review. Use the following questions as
guides:
a. Did you enjoy the film? Why or why not?
b. Consider the traits of literature from the era in which the source
material was written. Does the film reflect the same traits?
c. How effective is the film in telling a story from a different time
period to a modern audience?
d. What does the nature of the plot and characters say about the
time period in which they were written?
e. Are the themes and morals of the story applicable in modern
times?
 Assignment/Agreement
Criteria Does Not Meet Nearly Meets Meets Expectations Exceeds Expectations
Expectations Expectations 3 4
1 2

Content
The answers to the The answers to the The answers to the The answers to the
(40%)
Clear and comprehensive questions are neither clear questions are somewhat questions are clear and questions are very clear
answers to the questions nor comprehensive. clear and somewhat comprehensive. and very comprehensive.
comprehensive.

Organization
There is no logical There is a somewhat There is a logical There is a very logical
(40%)
Logical progression of progression of logical progression of progression of progression of
details; clear transitions details/events. The details/events. The details/events. The details/events. The
between ideas
transitions between ideas transitions between ideas transitions between ideas transitions between ideas
are not seamless. are somewhat seamless. are seamless. are very seamless.

Language (20%)
There are four or more There are two to three There is one language There are no language
Spelling, mechanics,
grammar, and word choice language errors. language errors. error. errors.
 Bibliography

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https://www.britannica.com/biography/William-Shakespeare.

Burrow, J. A. 2008. Medieval Writers and their Work: Middle English Literature 1100-1500. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

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http://dictionary.cambridge.org/grammar/british-grammar/types-of-english-formal-informal-etc/british-and-american-e
nglish
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Coodin, David. 2017. The Differences Between Romanticism & Victorianism . Accessed July 23, 2018.
http://penandthepad.com/differences-between-romanticism-victorianism-8657956.html.
 Bibliography

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https://www.britannica.com/art/English-literature/The-literature-of-World-War-II-1939-45#toc13020.

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http://www.gutenberg.org/files/98/98-h/98-h.htm.

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https://www.britannica.com/biography/Edmund-Spenser.

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https://www.britannica.com/art/English-literature/The-20th-century.

Lambdin, Laura C., and Robert T. Lambdin. 2002. A Companion to Old and Middle English Literature. London: Laura C.
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 Bibliography

Leech, Clifford. n.d. "Christopher Marlowe." Britannica. Accessed July 31, 2018.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Christopher-Marlowe.

Luebering, J. E. 2011. English Literature from the Old English Period Through the Renaissance. New York: Britannica
Educational Publishing.

Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Accessed July 23, 2018. https://www.merriam-webster.com/

National Endowment For The Arts. n.d. Iambic Pentameter. Accessed July 23, 2018.
http://www.shakespeareinamericancommunities.org/education/iambic-pentameter.

Ringler, William Andrew. n.d. "Sir Phillip Sidney." Britannica. Accessed July 31, 2018.
https://www.britannica.com/biography/Philip-Sidney.

The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. 2017. bob and wheel. Accessed July 23, 2018.
https://www.britannica.com/art/bob-and-wheel.
 Bibliography

The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. 2017. Elizabethan literature. Accessed July 23, 2018.
https://www.britannica.com/art/Elizabethan-literature.

The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. 2017. Spenserian stanza. Accessed July 23, 2018.
https://www.britannica.com/art/Spenserian-stanza.

The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica. 2017. The Dream of the Rood. Accessed July 23, 2018.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/The-Dream-of-the-Rood.