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Employee Welfare
Ms. Janet. S B, Asst. Professor, Dept. Of Hospital Administration, SJMC.
Employee Welfare: Meaning

+ Welfare means wellbeing or doing

well.
+ It is a comprehensive term and refers
to the physical, mental, moral and
emotional well-being of an individual.
+ Labour welfare, also referred to
as betterment work for employees,
relates to taking care of the well-being
of workers by employers, trade unions,
governmental and non-governmental
agencies.
 Definition
+ A term, which is understood to include such
services, facilities, and amenities as may
be established in or in the vicinity of
undertakings to enable the persons
employed in them to perform their work in
healthy, congenial surroundings and to
provide them with amenities conducive to
good health and high morale.
-ILO (International Labour Organization)
 Motivation

Retention of employees

Enhances morale and employee engagement

Merits Removes dissatisfaction

Develops loyalty towards organization

Improves the image of the company

 Financial burden to the company

Increases the budget of the

company
Demerits
These measures become driving
force to work
Employees may even leave the
organization
 Welfare measures inside the
workplace (intramural)

Types of
Welfare measures outside the
Welfare workplace (extramural)
Activities:

Statutory Provisions
I. Welfare Measures inside
the workplace
1. Conditions of the work
environment
a. Neighborhood safety and
cleanliness
b. Housekeeping, upkeeping of
premises
c. Workshop (room) sanitation and
cleanliness, temperature, humidity,
ventilation, lighting, elimination of
dust, smoke, fumes, gases.
d. Control of effluents.
e. Convenience and comfort during work –
operatives, posture, seating arrangements
f. Distribution of work hours and provision
for rest hours, mealtimes and breaks.
g. Workmen's safety measures – maintenance
of machines and tools, providing guards,
helmets, aprons, goggles etc.
h. Supply of necessary beverages and pills
and tablets
i. Notice boards: information or
communication
2. Conveniences:
- Rest rooms, wash basins,
bathrooms,, waste disposal
- Provision of drinking water, water
coolers
- Canteen services

3. Worker's health services:

- Factory health center, dispensary,
ambulance, emergency aid, medical
examination for workers, health
education, health research, family
planning services
4. Women & Child Antenatal & Postnatal Care
Welfare: Maternity aid
Creche & Childcare
Womens general education
Womens recreation
Family planning services
5. Workers Recreation: indoor games
6. Employment follow-up: work related
issues, adjustment problems – machine
and workload, supervisors and colleagues,
counselling.
7. Economic Services: loans, grants,
saving schemes, unemployment insurance,
profit sharing and bonus schemes,
transport services, Provident fund,
gratuity, pension, rewards and incentives,
workmen's compensation for injury,
family assistance.
8. Labour management participation:
- Formation and working of various
committees – work committee, safety
committee, canteen committee
- Workmen's arbitration council
- Research Bureau

9. Workers Education:
- Reading room, library, visual education,
social education, factory news bulletin.
II. Welfare Measures outside
the workplace.
1. Housing: bachelors quarters, family
residences according to types and
rooms
2. Water, sanitation, waste disposal
3. Roads, lighting, parks, recreation,
playgrounds
4. Schools: nursery, primary, secondary
high schools
5. Markets, co-operatives, consumer and
credit societies
6. Bank
7. Transport
8. Communication: post, telephone
9. Health and medical services
10. Recreation: games, clubs, craft
centers, cultural programmes – music,
festival celebrations, study circles-
reading room, library, open air theatre,
athletics, gymnasia.
11. Security guard services
12. Community leadership
development: council of elders,
committee of representatives,
administration of community services
and problems, child, youth and women
clubs.
III. Statutory
Measures:
+ The factory Act
+ The Mines Act
+ The plantation Labour Act
+ The motor transport workers Act
+ The contract Labour Act
+ The merchant shipping Act
+ Dock workers Act
+ Inter-state migrant workmen Act

Reference: K. Aswathappa – Human Resource

Management. – Self Reading
 Paternalistic Approach

Approaches to
Labour Industrial efficiency Approach

welfare

Social Approach
 Paternalistic Approach
+ It is a managerial approach that involves a
dominant authority figure who treats
employees and partners as though they are
members of a large, extended family.
+ In exchange, the leader expects loyalty and
trust and obedience from employees
+ Employers maintained a direct contact with
their workmen. Hence, they were able to
understand their problems, difficulties and
strains
 Labour efficiency
Industrial
Efficiency
Approach
More welfare services led to
more efficiency amongst the
workers.
 Social Approach
+ The latest trend in the concept of labour
welfare is the shift of emphasis from that
of increased efficiency to
the promotion of the general welfare of
the workers.
+ Improvement of worker’s morale,
efficiency and loyalty shall be the
natural outcome of such provisions.
+ This approach is welcomed by the
workers and their unions.
Assignment - 1

- Safety and Health in healthcare

- Accidents – types, causes and
prevention
- Need for safety

- Date of Submission – 5th Feb 2024

- Mode of submission – Hard Copy
Employee Health
Can be examined from following angles:
- Physical Health
- Mental Health
- Job Stress
- Violence in workplace
- Drug abuse
- Alcoholism
 The lack of health of employees
results in reduced productivity, unsafe
acts and increased absenteeism.
Physical
Health
Healthy employees are productive,
safety conscious, regular to work,
cheerful, confident looking.
Provisions of physical health:
+ Well-equipped dispensaries – first aid treatment
+ Pre-hiring medical check-up, periodical checkup
+ Treatment of minor ailments – cold, cough, fever
etc.
+ Rehabilitation and job placement of seriously
injured workers
+ Healthy sanitary facilities – water, waste
disposal, healthy food, good HK services
+ Maternity and child welfare
+ Adequate ventilation, lighting, tree planting and
quarters.
Mental Health
+ Mental breakdowns are common in modern
days due to pressure.
+ It results in reduced productivity and
lower profits, high employee turnover,
poor human relationships, alcoholism.
Provisions of Mental Health
+ Psychiatric Counselling
+ Co-operation and consultation with outside
psychiatrists
+ Development and maintenance of an effective
human relations programme.
Work Stress/ Job Stress
Meaning: Stress refers to an individual's
response to a disturbing factor in the
environment and the consequence of
such reaction.
 Defining Stress
+ Stress is an adaptive response to an external situation
that results in physical, psychological and behavioral
deviations.
+ The physical & psychological demands from the
environment that cause stress are called stressors.
 Stress is not anxiety or tension

Stress is not always be damaging – daily

activities of life may be stressful, but not always
harmful
What is not
Stress?
Stress is not always due to overwork

Stress cannot be avoided – what can be avoided

are the negative reactions to stress
 The Stress
experience:

Individual experiences stress

depends on:
1. Perception
2. Previous Experience
3. Social Support
4. Individual differences
 1. Perception
- It is a psychological process whereby a person
selects and organizes stimuli into a concept of
reality
- Employees perception of a situation can influence
whether or not they experience stress.
Example: A simple transfer from one place to
another.
- Perceived as an opportunity
- Perceived as threatening, unhappiness of the
management with his/her performance.
 2. Past Experience
+ Whether a person experiences stress or
not depends on his/her past experience
with a similar stressor.
+ Based on positive and negative
reinforcement in a similar situation.
 3. Social Support
+ The presence or absence of other people
influences how individuals in the workplace
experience stress.
Example: Working alongside someone who
performs confidently and competently in a stressful
situation may help an employee behave in a similar
way.
Conversely, the presence of fellow workers may
irritate some people or make them anxious,
reducing their ability to cope with stress.
4. Individual Differences
+ Individual differences in attitudes,
personality and abilities influence whether
employees experience work stress and how
they respond to it.
Example: Personality – Type A and Type B
Type A individuals experiences more stress
than Type B
Model of Job
Stress
Stress Management

1. Individual strategies
2. Organizational Strategies
1. Individual
Strategies
+ Know the cause of the stress
+ Know how these are affecting
psychologically, physiologically
and organizationally.
Individual Strategies:
1. Muscle Relaxation: slow and
deep breathing, relieves muscle
tension. (may need trained
professional)
2. Biofeedback: it’s a machine
(flashing light or beeper) used to
train people to detect and
control stress related symptoms
– example tensed muscles,
increased BP.
3. Meditation: meditation
techniques (20 min/day)
4. Cognitive Restructuring: 2 steps -
- Irrational thought processes that create stress are
identified.
Example: Something bad/ fear of mis-happenings is
falling upon you.
- Replacing these thoughts with more rational or
reasonable ones.
Example: the fear of something bad happening can
overcome by reasoning events.
Cognitive restructuring helps manage stress by
encouraging a person to adopt a more reasonable
belief about outcomes associated with events.
5. Humour: powerful stress buster. Learning ways of laughing
away any adverse situation.
- Laugh relaxes tense muscles, speeds more oxygen and
lowers BP, stimulates immune system.
- Example: Comedy shows/ funny book/ call a friend etc.
6. Stress Diary: recording of various stress related events.
- The time, amount of stress one feels (scale of 1-10)
- How happy person feels, productivity
- What was the event, when and where did it occur
- What factors made the event stressful
- How did the person handle it
- Did the person deal with the stress effectively
7. Time management: poor time
management results in work overload,
skipped schedules etc.
- Basic principles of time management are:
1. Preparing daily a list of activities to be
attended to
2. Prioritizing activities
3. Scheduling activities according to
priorities set
4. Handling the job productively
 Identify the stressors and then
modify or eliminate work
stressors

2. Help employees modify their

Organizational perception and understanding of
work stress
Strategies
Help employees cope more
effectively with the outcome of
stress
Organizational strategies to
eliminate stress:
+ Improvement in the physical environment
+ Changes in workload and deadlines
+ Changes in work schedules, more flexi
hours
+ Role clarity and role analysis
+ Greater level of employee participation
Programmes of stress management –
perceptions and experience and
outcomes of stress
+ Team building
+ Behaviour modification
+ Career counselling
+ Employee Assistance Programme
(EAP)
+ Physical fitness programme
+ Training in relaxation techniques
Employee Assistance
Programs (EAPs)
+ Diagnosis: Helps to diagnose the problem of
an employee by EAP staff
+ Treatment: counselling or supportive therapy
+ Screening: periodic examination of
employees
+ Prevention: education and persuasion are
used to convince employees.