GOOD DAY

EVERYONE
z
!
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PERIODIC
PROPERTIES OF
ATOMS
Whatz is meant by periodic
properties?

 The tabular arrangement of

the elements according to
their atomic numbers so that
elements with similar
properties are in the same
column
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 Periodic trends are specific patterns in the properties

of chemical elements that are revealed in the
periodic table of elements.
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4 MAJOR PERIODIC TRENDS

 Atomic Radius

 Ionization Energy

 Electron Affinity

 Electronegativity
 ATOMIC
z RADIUS
 The radius of an atom. This
distance between an atom's
nucleus and outer electron
shell. Atomic radius differs
with the bonding state of an
atom. Atomic radius influences
many physical and chemical
properties, such as
polarizability, nucleophilicity,
London forces, etc.
 IONIZATION
z ENERGY
 Ionization energy or
ionisation energy is the
minimum amount of energy
required to remove the most
loosely bound electron of an
isolated neutral gaseous
atom or molecule.
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How do you determine the ionization
energy of an element?
 Calculate the ionization energy, in units of
electron volts, for a one-electron atom by
squaring Z and then multiplying that result
by 13.6.
 ELECTRON
z AFFINITY

 The electron affinity of an

atom or molecule is defined
as the amount of energy
released when an electron is
attached to a neutral atom or
molecule in the gaseous state
to form a negative ion.
ELECTRONEGATIVITY
z

 Electronegativity is a measure
of the tendency of an atom to
attract a bonding pair of
electrons.
 The Pauling scale is the most
commonly used. Fluorine (the
most electronegative element)
is assigned a value of 4.0, and
values range down to caesium
and francium which are the
least electronegative at 0.7
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