EXCEL

FUNCTIONS
BY
SANTHANABHARATHI S
EXCEL
IN EXCEL, A FUNCTION IS A PREDEFINED
FORMULA THAT PERFORMS A SPECIFIC
CALCULATION BY USING VALUES A USER
INPUT AS ARGUMENTS. EVERY EXCEL
FUNCTION HAS A SPECIFIC PURPOSE, IN
SIMPLE WORDS, IT CALCULATES A SPECIFIC
VALUE. EACH FUNCTION HAS ITS
ARGUMENTS (THE VALUE ONE NEEDS TO
COMPONENTS:
EACH FUNCTION HAS TWO MAJOR
COMPONENTS. IN SHORT, EACH FUNCTION
(EXCEPT A FEW) IS MADE UP OF TWO
FOLLOWING THINGS:
1.FUNCTION NAME
2.ARGUMENTS

EXAMPLE:
TYPES OF FUNCTION:
BELOW ARE THE MAJOR TYPES:
1.TEXT FUNCTIONS 6.Statistical Functions
2.DATE FUNCTIONS 7.Lookup Functions
8.Information Function
3.TIME FUNCTIONS
4.LOGICAL FUNCTIONS
5.MATHS FUNCTIONS
1.TEXT FUNCTIONS:
FIND:
DEFINITION: THE FIND FUNCTION IS USED IN EXCEL TO LOCATE THE POSITION
OF THE REQUIRED TEXT STRING WITHIN THE ANOTHER AVAILABLE TEXT STRING.

SYNTAX: FIND(FIND_TEXT, WITHIN_TEXT, [START_NUM])

EXAMPLE:
TRIM:
DEFINITION: TRIM FUNCTION IN EXCEL REMOVE ALL THE EXTRA SPACES FROM THE
TEXT EXCEPT FOR THE SINGLE SPACES BETWEEN THE WORDS. IT IS USED WHEN THE TEXT HAS
IRREGULAR SPACING BETWEEN WORDS.

SYNTAX: TRIM(TEXT)
EXAMPLE:
2.DATE FUNCTION
DEFINITION:THE MICROSOFT EXCEL DATE FUNCTION RETURNS THE SERIAL DATE VALUE A
DATEDATE.

SYNTAX: DATE(YEAR,MONTH,DAY)
EXAMPLE:
3.TIME FUNCTION:
DEFINITION: THE EXCEL TIME FUNCTION ALLOWS YOU TO
CREATE A TIME WITH INDIVIDUAL HOUR, MINUTE, AND SECOND
COMPONENTS. THE TIME FUNCTION IS USEFUL WHEN YOU WANT
TO ASSEMBLE A PROPER TIME INSIDE ANOTHER FORMULA.
SYNTAX: TIME (HOUR, MINUTE, SECOND)

EXAMPLE:
4.LOGICAL FUNCTIONS:
DEFINITION: LOGICAL FUNCTIONS IN EXCEL WORK WITH
CONDITIONS. THEY HELP DEAL WITH DIFFERENT SITUATIONS
ACCORDINGLY. THESE FUNCTIONS PERFORM WORK SIMILAR TO IF-
ELSEIF-ELSE STATEMENTS IN A PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE.

IFERROR:
DEFINITION: THIS FUNCTION IS USED WHEN WE WANT TO RETURN
SOME MEANINGFUL RESULT IN PLACE OF AN ERROR. THERE ARE
VARIOUS TYPES OF ERRORS IN EXCEL, AND IFERROR IS USED TO DEAL
WITH THESE ERRORS. AT MANY TIMES, IN EXCEL, WE ARE RETURNED
ERROR VALUES AS RESULTS. IN SUCH CASES, THE IFERROR FUNCTION
BECOMES HANDY.

SYNTAX: IFERROR(VALUE,VALUE_IF_ERROR)
EXAMPLE:
AND
Definition: This function returns either TRUE or FALSE value by checking
the conditions that are passed into it. If all the conditions passed into AND
function are met then the TRUE value is returned and if even a single condition
is not met then the FALSE value is returned.

Syntax: AND(logical1,[logical1],…)

EXAMPLE:
OR
DEFINITION: IT RETURNS TRUE VALUE EVEN IF A SINGLE
CONDITION OUT OF THE TOTAL CONDITIONS PASSED INTO IT IS
MET. IT RETURNS FALSE WHEN ALL THE ARGUMENTS ARE FALSE.
SYNTAX: OR(LOGICAL1,[LOGICAL1],…)

EXAMPLE:
NOT
DEFINITION: IT REVERSES THE LOGICAL
VALUE I.E. TRUE TO FALSE AND FALSE TO TRUE.
IT IS IMPLEMENTED USUALLY IN CONTEXT-
BASED SITUATIONS.

SYNTAX: NOT(LOGICAL1,[LOGICAL1],…)

EXAMPLE:
5.NUMBER FUNCTIONS:
DEFINITION: THE EXCEL MATH FUNCTIONS PERFORM MANY OF
THE COMMON MATHEMATICAL CALCULATIONS, INCLUDING BASIC
ARITHMETIC, CONDITIONAL SUMS & PRODUCTS, EXPONENTS &
LOGARITHMS, AND THE TRIGONOMETRIC RATIOS.

ABSOLUTE
DEFINITION: RETURNS THE ABSOLUTE VALUE

SYNTAX: ABS(NUMBER)

EXAMPLE:
QUOTIENT
DEFINITION: RETURNS THE INTEGER PORTION OF A
DIVISION BETWEEN TWO SUPPLIED NUMBERS

SYNTAX: QUOTIENT(NUMERATOR,DENOMIRATOR)

EXAMPLE:
EVEN
DEFINITION: Rounds a number away from
zero (i.e. rounds a positive number up and a negative
number down), to the next even number.
SYNTAX: EVEN(number) EXAMPLE:
ODD
DEFINITION: Rounds a number away from zero (i.e.
rounds a positive number up and a negative number down),
to the next odd number.
SYNTAX: ODD(number)
EXAMPLE:
INT
DEFINITION: Rounds a number down to the next integer.
SYNTAX: INT(number)
EXAMPLE:

PI
DEFINITION: Returns the constant value of Pie.

SYNTAX: PI()

EXAMPLE:
6.STATISTICAL FUNCTIONS:
DEFINITION: Excel provides an extensive range of Statistical
Functions, that perform calculations from basic mean, median &
mode to the more complex statistical distribution and probability
tests.

MEAN
DEFINITION: Sum of all numbers divided by total number of
numbers in the cell.

SYNTAX: AVERAGE(number1,[number2,number3,…])
EXAMPLE:
MEDIAN
DEFINITION: The MEDIAN function in Excel finds the middle
of a number set or series, this result value is the middle in a group of
numbers when those numbers are listed in numerical order.

SYNTAX: MEDIAN(number1,[number2,number3,…])
EXAMPLE: ODD MEDIAN

EXAMPLE: EVEN MEDIAN

MODE
DEFINITION: The mode is the value that appears most often in
a set of data

SYNTAX: MODE(number1,[number2,number3,…])

EXAMPLE:
7.LOOKUP FUNCTIONS:
DEFINITION: The mode is the value that appears most often in
a set of data
SYNTAX: LOOKUP(lookup_value,lookup_vector,[result_vector)
Lookup_value(required) - a value to search for. It can be a number, text,
logical value of TRUE or FALSE, or a reference to a cell containing the
lookup value.
Lookup_vector(required) - one-row or one-column range to be searched. It
must be sorted in ascending order.
Result_vector(optional) - one-row or one-column range from which you
want to return the result - a value in the same position as the lookup
value. Result_vector must be the same size as lookup_range. If omitted, the
result is returned from lookup_vector.
EXAMPLE:
8.Information Function:
DEFINITION: These some specific functions which you can use
to get information about the values you supplied.

CONCATENATE
DEFINITION: Concatinate is one of the most crucial functions for data
analysis as it allows you to combine text, numbers, dates, etc. from multiple
cells into one
SYNTAX: CONCATENATE(cells you want to combine)

EXAMPLE:
LEN
DEFINITION: LEN is another handy function for data analysis
that essentially outputs the number of characters in any given cell.

SYNTAX: LEN(text)

EXAMPLE: