“Effects of overharvesting and

non-native species on humans”

By - Prapti, Nusrat, Zakwan
ECOSYSTEM AND ITS RELATIONSHIP
WITH HUMANS

An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other

organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form
a bubble of life.
Biotic factors-Plants and animals
Abiotic factors-Temperature, humidity, rocks etc
Humans are fully dependent on Earth’s ecosystem and the
services that they provide, such as food, clean water, disease
regulation, climate regulation etc.
 OVERHARVESTING
Overharvesting, also called overexploitation, refers to harvesting a
renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns. Ecologists use the
term to describe populations that are harvested at a rate that is
unsustainable, given their natural rates of mortality and capacities for
reproduction. The term applies to natural resources such as wild medicinal
plants, grazing pastures, game animals, fish stocks, forests, and water
aquifers.
 TRAGEDY OF THE COMMONS

AQUATIC
HUMANS PLANTS Food Chain
LIFE
depletes some decreasing the Hinders plant quality, major ecosystem
species to very low biodiversity necessary makes leaves smaller disturbances due to
numbers and drives for medicinal in size imbalances in
others to extinction resources predator–prey
relationships
 Overfishing
Overfishing
Overfishing is the removal of a species of fish from a body of water at a rate greater than
that the species can replenish its population naturally, resulting in the species becoming
increasingly underpopulated in that area.

● Poor management of fisheries

● Unprotected oceans
● Subsidies
Millions of people depend on fishing for their livelihood, while billions rely on fish as a source of
food, especially in developing countries. In addition, oceans make up 70 percent of Earth’s
surface. Flourishing sea creatures and the overall health of marine life are essential for a healthy
planet. Marine phytoplankton (tiny ocean plants) produce an estimated 80 percent of the oxygen
we breathe through their photosynthesis. The oceans are the lungs of our planet and protecting
them means protecting ourselves.
NON-NATIVE SPECIES :
Non-native species are organisms that do not
occur naturally in an area, but are introduced
as the result of deliberate or accidental human
activities. Unlike invasive species, non-native
species may not hinder or prevent the survival
of others within the ecosystem.

Invasive species are capable of causing

extinctions of native plants and animals,
reducing biodiversity, competing with native
organisms for limited resources, and
altering habitats.

Invasive species can negatively impact

human health by infecting humans with new
diseases, serving as vectors for existing
diseases, or causing wounds through bites,
stings, allergens, or other toxins
 Examples of non-native species

Gypsy Moth Zebra Mussel Sea Lamprey Nutria

 Solutions
Non-native species
Overfishing:
1. spraying with chemicals.
● Avoid overfishing.
2. pulling or digging out live, dead or
● Consider climate.
dying plants.
● Improve traceability.
3. cutting back plants to prevent the
● Limit bycatch.
seeds dispersing.
● Limit wild fish use as feed.
4. burying them.
● Manage pollution & disease.
5. burning them.
● Preserve habitats.
6. disposing of them off site.
● Prevent farmed fish escapes
Thank You!!