Surfaces

of
Teeth
 Surfaces of teeth are identified by the
relationship to
surrounding orofacial structures

Each tooth
has
Five
surfaces:

1.Facial
2.Lingual,
3.Mesial, and
4. Distal (proximal)
5.Functioning surf.
(Incisal) occlusal,
 FACIAL SURFACE
any surface on the outside
(towards the face)

1.LABIAL is facial
surface of the
anterior teeth
(green),
2. BUCCAL is the
facial surface
of the posterior
teeth (blue).
 Inter-proximal
surfaces:
Surfaces in between two teeth:

1. Facing towards the

midline: MESIAL.
2. Facing away from the
midline:  DISTAL
 LINGUAL
The surfaces facing the tongue

PALATAL palatal

on the maxilla.
 Functioning Surfaces:
chewing/biting surfaces of teeth :

OCCLUSAL: chewing surfaces of

posterior teeth
INCISAL: the anteriors’
biting surface
Division into Thirds
 Anatomical Landmarks
of the Crown
Developmental data:
:Lobe
• It is one of the primary
centers of calcification and
growth formed during the
crown development.

• Each tooth begins to

develop from four lobes or
more.

• The pulp chamber has pulp

horns corresponding to
these lobes.
Anterior teeth

premolars
 Maxillary molars

Mandibular molars
 A- Crown
A- Crown Elevations:
Elevations:
1-Mamelons
1-Mamelons 2-Cingulum
2-Cingulum 3-Cusps
3-Cusps

They are three small

rounded projections
of enamel present in
the incisal third of It is the bulge on
newly erupted the cervical third
incisors of lingual surface They are pyramidal
of the crown in projections on the
anterior teeth incisal portion of the
canine and on the
occlusal surfaces of the
premolars and molars
4-Tubercle
4-Tubercle
It is a small elevation produced by
.excessive formation of enamel
: Tubercle is noticed at
• the palatal surface of E & 6
• sometimes at the lingual surface of
incisors over the cingulum.

N.B. Tubercle differs from cusp , it

is formed of enamel only while cusp
is formed of pulp horn covered by
dentin and enamel.
 5-Ridges
5-Ridges
Marginal
Marginal Linear
Linear
Triangular
Triangular

Ridge or elevation • Linear ridges:

of enamel forming
the margin of the Elevated portions
surface of a tooth; of tooth run in a
Transverse Ridge line named for
• on mesial /distal
margins of lingual their location
surfaces anterior • Cervical
teeth. • Incisal
• mesial & distal • Labial
margins of • Buccal
occlusal surfaces • Lingual
posterior teeth Oblique Ridge
 B-Crown
B-Crown
Linear Depressions
DepressionsDepressions
Linear Depressions Irregular Depressions
Irregular Depressions
1-Developmental 1-Fossa
grooves: Depression or concavity
Shallow grooves that
separate cusps or primary
parts of teeth

2- Supplemental
grooves:
• Small , irregularly placed • Lingual
auxiliary grooves. fossa
• Branches from developmental grooves.
• They do not denote union of primary
lobes. • triangular
• The third molars followed by second
fossae
permanent molars are characterized
by high number of supplemental • Central
grooves. fossa
 Linear Depressions
Linear Depressions Irregular Depressions
Irregular Depressions
3- Fissures 2- PITS:
• Found in the bottom of
• b- FAULTY PIT:
developmental grooves.
• Result from incomplete union
• Develop as a result
• of incomplete formation of
of the primary lobes.
• Represent a fault in enamel. enamel.
• It is located at the end of
the buccal developmental
grooves of the lower molars or
palatal developmental
grooves of the upper molars.
Thank
You