A.

MUSEUM IN
THE PHILIPPINES
Museums
 has a big role to play in the process of education. Not only allows people
to experience the culture but also creates cultural background of their
society.
 National Meseum of the Philippines
 Recognized as the best museum
in the Philippines, The National
Museum (Pambansang Museo) of
the Philippines is a neoclassical
building that holds the best
repository of historical artworks in
the Philippines.
Museums are windows of the past
 They are time capsules that put history
into perspective.
 With its rich history and culture, the
museums in the Philippines provide a
glimpse on this country’s past enriched
by colonization and occupation.
 There are some art galleries as well
that promote local art and artisans
 B. HISTORICAL
SHRINES
 are historic sites or objects hallowed
or honored for their history or
association
 Aguinaldo Shrine

 Located in Kawit, Cavite ,

 The ancestral house of Emilio
Aguinaldo.
 The Philippine declaration of
independence from spain (Araw ng
Kalayaan) on June 12, 1898.
 Where the Philippine flag was raised.
 FERDINAND MARCOS PRESIDENTIAL
CENTER

 Located in Batac, Ilocos Norte.

 Shows the memorabilia of the late president.
 A wax replica of Marcos remains to be
displayed inside the glass coffin.
 The Uitangcoy-Santos House
 also known as the Museum of the
Women of Malolos
 Located at Malolos, Bulacan
 A home belongs to Paulino Santos
and Alberta Uitangcoy Santos .
 Collections of surviving artifacts
and other memorabilia relevant to
the narrative of the women and the
Uitangcoy- Santos family.
 Destroyed by fire in 1910 but was
rebuilt in 1914.
 Rizal Shrine
 Located at Calamba,Laguna .
 A Spanish-colonial two story house.
 The house was built for two years by Rizal’s
father.
 It provides representation of the home when
Rizal grew up until his formal schooling in
Binan.
 Recounting the nipa hut in the garden where
he learned to sleep and sculpt, the kitchen
where he learned the alphabet, the bedroom
where he leaned to pray, the library where he
discovered books and the azoeta where he
listened to his grandmother’s stories.
 C. CULTURE OF THE
PHILIPPINES
The Philippine culture is a combination of cultures of the east and west.
 The pre-colonial cultures was merged with the influence of colonizers and Chinese
traders.
 In pre-colonial times, it was divided in set of islands and tribes ruled by their specific
kings, chieftains, lakans, rajahs, datus, and sultans.
 The Philippines was first settled by Negritos Austronesians (trading) became U.S
territory colonized by Spanish Empire ( English, media and clothing) ( Roman Catholicism)
 Eating with Bare Hands
Before the Spaniards conquered the
Philippines in the 16th century, natives used
their hands to eat. It was only when the
Spaniards arrived on Philippine land that
utensils were introduced. Today, many
Filipinos still eat with their bare hands, not just
because it was tradition hundreds of years
ago, but because many Filipino viands are
best eaten with out utensils. Grilled or fried
meat with rice are best eaten with bare hands.
 Mano po
Mano po
 Sign of respect to elders
 There is a Filipino tradition of showing respect by raising
the back of anothers hand and placing it on your forehead
is called ‘Mano Po’ here.
Philippine is referred to as “ Melting Pot” of
western and eastern cultures.
 The major religions in the country are
Christianity and Islam which have played a
significant role in shaping the culture of
the Philippines.
 The social beliefs and customs practiced are
primarily influenced by demographics of the
region where they are practiced.
 The traditional customs of indigenous
Filipinos are based on the beliefs of the
Austronesian inhabitants of the country.
D.ARCHITECTURE
The Spaniards introduced European colonial
architecture
 Spaniards introduced stones and rocks as
housing and building materials.
 Can still be seen in centuries old buildings
such as Filipino baroques, houses, schools,
monasteries and government buildings around
the nation.
 The best collection of Spanish architecture
can be found in The Walled city Intramuros
in Manila and in the historic town of Vigan.
INTRAMORUS IN MANILA HISTORIC TOWN OF VIGAN
 Spanish Baroques Architecture like the Colonial
Era Churches( Earthquake Baroques) can be found
in Ilocos Norte and Sur, Pampanga, Bulacan,
Laguna, Cebu and Quezon.
 There have been proposals to establish a policy
where each municipality and city will have an
ordinance mandating all constructions and
reconstructions to be inclined with the
municipality or city’s architecture and landscape
styles to preserve and conserve the country’s
dying heritage sites.
 EARTHQUAKE BAROQUES
the Baroque churches of the Philippines and wonder at the country’s pride and joy.
These centuries-old churches are a testament to faith, history, and resilience.
There are currently four Spanish colonial-era Baroque churches in the Philippines that are
recognized on the UNESCO World Heritage List:
1. Church of the Immaculate Conception of San Agustin in Manila
2. Church of La Nuestra Senora de la Asuncion in Ilocos Sur
3. Church of San Agustin in Ilocos Norte (Paoay Chruch)
4. Church of Santo Tomas de Villanueva in Iloilo.
A remnant of the Spanish colonial era, these churches have withstood revolutions, wars,
and many, many earthquakes. The latter of which is one of the reasons a unique style of
Baroque architecture found its footing in the Philippines, suitably called “earthquake
Baroque.”
 BAHAY NA BATO
Bahay na bato (Tagalog, literally
"house of stone") is a type of
building originating during the
Philippines' Spanish Colonial
Period. It is an updated version of
the traditional bahay kubo. Its
design has evolved throughout the
ages, but still maintains the bahay
kubo's architectural basis which
corresponds to the tropical climate,
stormy season, and earthquake-
prone environment of the whole
archipelago of the Philippines and
fuses it with the influence of Spanish
colonizers and Chinese traders.
 BAHAY KUBO (NIPA HUT)
 Common form of housing among
the native Filipinos.
 Uses materials such as bamboo
and coconut as main source of
wood.
 Cogon grass, nipa palm leaves
and coconut fronds used to make
roofs.
 KALESA
A traditional urban
transportation
Today, architecture continue to be vibrant and
with the country opening up to the world, more
first rate architecture is pouring in BANAUE
RICE TERRACES. 2,000 years ago ,Uses
stones and mud walls to carefully carve and
construct terraces that could hold the flooded
pond fields for the cultivation of rice.
E. INDIGENOUS
PRACTICES
Hunting
Fishing
Gathering
 F. INDIGENOUS
GROUP
Consist of a large number of Austronesian ethnic groups.
They are the descendants of the original Austronesian
inhabitants of the Philippines, that settled thousand years
ago.
 The Igorots
IGOROT (HIGHLAND PEOPLE)
 A primitive ethnic group ranged from
various groups , a group that includes
Bontoc, Ibaloi, Ifugao, Isneg, Kalinga
and Kankanaey who built the rice
terraces.
 Displayed a variety of native cultural
expressions and artistic skills in
production of bowls, baskets, clothing
and weapons.
 The LUMAD
LUMAD
People of the highlands
of Mindanao
Remained isolated from
Western and eastern
influences
 The BADJAO
 Known as the sea tribes
 The Badjao / Bajau tribe is an
indigenous population whose culture
and livelihood are tied to the sea.
 Also widely known as the “Sea Gypsies”
of the Sulu and Celebes Seas, the
Badjao are scattered along the coastal
areas of Tawi Tawi, Sulu, Basilan, and
some coastal areas of Zamboanga City.
 The ATI AND TUMANDOK
From Panay Island and
still carry animistic
beliefs and rituals From
Panay Island and still
carry animistic beliefs
and rituals
 AETAS/AGTA/AYTA
Earliest known
habitants of the
country which are
nomadic and called
by the Spanish
“Negritos”
G. RELIGIOUS
RITES and
RITUALS
 Pagdugo
 According to popular Filipino beliefs,
padugo or bloodletting is often done
before a house is built to help drive
away evil spirits that live in the land
where they are building their home.
 Padugo is a long-standing tradition that
dates back to the days when beliefs in
anito or deities were at their peak.
 Festivals
A festival is an event that brings people
together to celebrate something. In the
Philippines, we have a variety of festivals,
When the Spaniards first arrived in the
Philippines to establish colonial control,
one of their first priorities was to convert as
many Filipinos to Catholicism as possible.
One approach they used was to build
chapels and teach people to embrace
Christianity.
 Penitensya
 The word penitensya means
repentance the strong desired
to be forgiven traditionally
 the word penitentia or penance
have been viewed as a
punishment.
 Penitensya is a ritual performed
by some of our locals who want to
repent for their sins and wrong
doings.
 Marriage
 Marriage is one of the most significant
aspects of the family code.
 They used to be unable to allow men and
women to be together unless they were
married.
 A typical Filipino wedding today includes
the following rituals: candle lighting, coin
blessing, nukshall string tying, and rice
grain throwing.
 Bayanihan
 The spirit of communal solidarity,
labor, and cooperation to attain a
specific objective is referred to as
bayanihan.
 Bayanihan is a Filipino word that
comes from the word bayan,
which means "town nation" or
"community.“
 Bayanihan literally means "to be
a bayan," and it refers to a spirit
of communal cooperation and
unity.
 Fiesta
Fiestas are significant
because they bring
together and nourish
cultural history, family
bonds, and camaraderie,
as well as introduce us to
new people.
 Kneel walking
 This is a popular practice in
this church as a symbol of
devotion to the black
nazarenes. Genuflection,
usually on one knee, is still
practiced in the anglican,
lutheran, roman catholic, and
western churches. Orthodox
traditions among other
churches it is different from
kneeling in prayer which is
more widespread.
Group Activity: The students are required to create a historical account about the municipalities (choose
1 municipality) employing the methodology of local and oral history . Their focus must cover the
following:

2 Local heritage sites (Church, Landmark, Shrines)

3 Cultural practices and beliefs (Burial, Wedding, local
psychology)
1 Literary piece
1 Type of delicacy
1 local music piece
1 Sports culture