interior

DESIGN
XENNIA E. DORMIDO
AINERIS - BS ARCH 221 B2
 types of
INTERIOR DESIGNS
Interior design revolves around our interaction with spaces. It holds
significant influence over our daily lives, impacting our lifestyle,
productivity, leisure, and even well-being. It is the driving force behind cozy
residences, efficient work environments, and captivating public areas.
 ELECTICISM
The concept of eclecticism originated with a community of early Greek
and Roman philosophers. These scholars intentionally dissociated
themselves from rigid philosophical systems and instead opted for a
selective approach. They meticulously sifted through the existing array of
philosophical beliefs, handpicking doctrines that resonated most
coherently with their own reasoning and perspectives.

Originating in France and swiftly spreading across Europe before

reaching the United States, this particular style emerged in the Western
world from around 1860 to the latter part of the 1920s.

It sets itself apart from syncretism, which aims to reconcile or amalgamate

various systems, by maintaining a stance where the contradictions inherent
in these systems are intentionally unaddressed. Eclecticism, in contrast,
embraces the diversity of perspectives without striving for a unified front,
allowing the inherent inconsistencies to coexist.
 ELECTICISM
When designing and embellishing an eclectic interior space, it's essential
to bear in mind the five fundamental principles: line, mass, texture, color,
and form. The art lies in skillfully integrating these five principles in a
well-proportioned manner, culminating in a cohesive and harmonious
eclectic interior setting.

Elements of an Eclectic Design Room:

• A combination of two or more design styles is used in the same room
• The furniture and accessories used are from different design styles
and periods
• Wallpapers are an essential element in eclectic interior design
• Neutral colors are used to help tie all the elements together in a room
• Art collections are grouped together to create interest
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MINIMALISM
Originating in Australia, this minimalist interior design
style has maintained its enduring popularity within its
home country. Central to this style is a pronounced
commitment to minimalism that permeates every facet of
interior design. From the unadorned furnishings to the
subdued color palettes and the pragmatic yet
unpretentious accessories, the emphasis lies in a
streamlined aesthetic. The core principle revolves around
simplicity, functionality, and the elimination of any
unnecessary extravagance or surplus elements.

The interior movement finds its origins in the post-World War II rise of minimalist art, championed by artists like Frank Stella, Donald Judd, and Agnes
Martin, who are regarded as form pioneers. As Bascom notes, its roots lie in the world of art and artists. This style's principles influenced both design and
architecture, gaining significant traction in the 1980s. It involved simplifying structures to their essentials and responding to the chaos of urban life. This
aesthetic is also connected to midcentury-modern and international design movements, notably advocated by figures like Ludwig Mies van der Rohe, known
for popularizing the "less is more" mantra.
MINIMALISM
Minimalism goes beyond home design, encompassing a lifestyle that is believed to offer
numerous advantages, including increased contentment, reduced stress, and enhanced
freedom.

The allure of simplicity is undeniable, yet, akin to any interior design approach, mastering
it demands a certain level of skill. Every choice is underpinned by a deliberate purpose.
Here are nine fundamental principles to adeptly achieving minimalist design.

Elements of a Minimalistic Room:

• Quality fixtures
• Choosing multifarious materials
• Selecting a stand-out piece of furniture
• Let a work of art dominate
• Add accent elements
• Keep furniture simple
• Have the view speak for itself
• Allow open space
• Use light as decor
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CLASSICISM
Classical interior design, as its name implies, draws profound
inspiration from classicism, embracing the aesthetics and
heritage of the Western classical tradition. Central to this style
is the incorporation of Vitruvian proportions, championed by
figures like da Vinci, which play a pivotal role in the
architecture, art, and design of the classical era, yielding a
visually harmonious and formally appealing beauty.

Heavily influenced by the aesthetics of Roman and Greek

designs, Classical interior design traces its origins back to the
17th century. This style, rooted in Classicism, places great
importance on simplicity, clarity, and strict structure. In modern
times, it appeals to individuals with a refined appreciation for
cultural and artistic designs, those who are not easily swayed
by mainstream trends.
 Classic interior design is an ideal choice for individuals seeking refinement and sophistication.
It boasts opulent finishes and intricate decorations, complemented by the inclusion of antique
furniture and accessories that evoke a sense of tradition and warmth.

Renowned for its opulent aesthetic that graces grand spaces, the classic style has garnered
significant popularity, particularly in Europe. Its allure lies in the prestige and splendor it
imparts to interior settings, elevating them to a regal level.

Elements of a Classical interior style:

• Symmetry, uniformity, and balance
• Decoration that reminds us of the Greeks and Romans
• Designs with precise geometric shapes
• Elegance and harmony in every element
• Rich-looking doors and windows, well-defined columns, arches with intricate designs,
and fireplaces
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 COLONIAL
Colonial interior design indeed draws its inspiration from the British
Colonial period during the 1700s in America. This style reflects the
aesthetics and influences of that era, blending elements from both the
colonial settlers' heritage and the local materials available in the new
world. The result is an eclectic yet harmonious mix of functional furniture
and decor with touches of classic design influences.

Colonial indoor spaces are marked by spacious entryways, well-

maintained wooden flooring, minimalistic choices in paint and wallpaper
colors, and a bright perspective on carpentry and wall paneling.
 When discussing the term "Colonial," we are addressing a design style that involves
incorporating the design elements from the Colonial era. Colonial design is characterized by
its straightforward lines, vibrant hues, and uncomplicated shapes. Envisioning the
contemporary colonial interior design style often brings to mind residences constructed during
the colonial period. These houses typically stood at two stories, featured whitewashed walls,
and boasted spacious porches.

The common spaces—living room, kitchen, dining room, and family room—are
traditionally located on the first floor, with bedrooms on the second and third floors.
Traditionally built with an emphasis on symmetry, these homes are often one room deep
and three rooms wide, though their rectangular shape makes it easy to add onto, either on
the sides or back. Another feature you will see in many colonial homes is a large central
fireplace, or two fireplaces on either side of the home (remember, symmetry).
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MEDITERRANEAN
Mediterranean interior design’s origin is Greece, Spain, and Italy. It’s
distinguished with bends, columns, and interior sundecks. Its cabinetwork is
majorly from rich wood tones with ornate features like rattan, gravestone,
reclaimed wood, and linen.

A style that emerged in the 1920s, takes its cues from the architectural and
decorative components frequently observed in homes across the European
Mediterranean region.

The color palettes are generally a reflection of the sky and water. It also
incorporates warm palettes from terracotta and unheroic. Its windows are
distinguishably large and covered with minimum sheer curtains.
MEDITERRANEAN
Due to its suitability for warm and sunny climates, Mediterranean-style architecture is
primarily prevalent in regions like California and Florida within the United States.
However, Mediterranean-style interior design has evolved into a broad term encompassing
construction, interior design, and architecture across not only the U.S. but also around the
world.

Elements of a Mediterranean Interior Style:

• Emphasis on indoor-outdoor living
• Maximizing natural light and view of the outdoors
• Arched windows and doors
• Exposed beams, natural stone walls, tiles, or hardwood floor
• Use of natural materials in finishes and decor such as wood, rattan, tile, ceramics,
terracotta, wrought iron, linen, and cotton
• Use of color as an accent, with palettes that reflect the natural environment, from the
blue greens of the ocean to the yellows and golden tones of the sun
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 INDUSTRIALISM
Industrial Design represents a fusion of aesthetics and practicality. As the name
implies, this design approach for homes exposes typically concealed construction
materials like exposed brick walls, pipes, and repurposed elements.

These homes commonly feature open layouts, with furniture strategically arranged to
define the space. Implementing this interior design style is notably straightforward,
relying on a neutral color scheme and materials, combined with distinctive industrial
components. The need for cosmetic embellishments is diminished, as the unrefined
industrial elements inherently deliver a powerful statement.

At its core, the concept of industrial interior design involves integrating features from
factories, industries, and other design genres to curate an interior that resonates with
the homeowner's preferences.

Industrial interior design takes inspiration from the architectural and design attributes
that were prominent in factories built during the late 19th and early 20th centuries.
INDUSTRIALISM
The industrial interior design style is characterized by an open floor plan, high ceilings, and
large windows that let in natural light. Furniture and fixtures are frequently made from raw
materials such as reclaimed wood, iron, and steel and are intended for function rather than
aesthetics.

Elements of an Industrialism Interior Design:

• Leave ductwork and piping exposed
• Opt for an exposed brick wall
• Mix metal and reclaimed wood
• Use Edison light bulbs
• Focus on natural light and open spaces
• Add concrete
• Keep decor sparse, and opt for raw materials.
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SCANDANAVIAN
The Scandinavian interior design style is a fusion of various design influences that emerged during the 20th century in the five Nordic countries: Norway,
Sweden, Denmark, Finland, and Iceland. With its foundation in minimalism, functionality, and straightforward visual appeal, the Scandinavian style
underscores a practical and simplistic perspective in interior design.

The predominant features of the Scandinavian design style include unembellished details, curved furniture, nature-inspired and clutter-free intricacies,
and predominantly black-and-white color schemes. This style is also characterized by open layouts and arrangements. One could depict it as a blend of
minimalism and mid-century design influences.
SCANDINAVIAN
Scandinavian-style rooms present a harmonious fusion of textures, contrasts, and muted
tones, resulting in a polished and contemporary ambiance. This aesthetic also encompasses
the Lagom lifestyle, a Swedish concept that underscores the essence of hygge—cultivating
a comfortable and well-balanced atmosphere within a space.

Elements of a Scandinavian Interior Design:

• Muted colors
• Natural lighting
• Modern furniture
• Decluttered space
• Wood accents
• Greenery
• "Less is More" approach
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JAPANDI
The roots of this style trace back to the period when Danish designers and creatives embarked on journeys to Japan, coinciding with the end of Japan's
220-year-long closed-border policies. During this time, their design sensibilities began to be profoundly impacted by the captivating and mystifying new
oriental aesthetic.

The Japandi interior design seamlessly merges the elements of Scandinavian and Japanese aesthetics. This design approach is characterized by its
minimalist and grounded nature. The Scandinavian influence is drawn from Sweden, Denmark, and Norway, showcasing a Nordic essence and employing
soft color palettes. The design prioritizes functionality and simplicity.

Organic forms take center stage in this design, accompanied by subtle visual details, harmonious interplay of textures, and a serene atmosphere. The color
scheme predominantly features white spaces and slate undertones, occasionally punctuated by vibrant hues from cultural artifacts and decorative throw
pillows. The soothing and Zen-like ambiance reminiscent of the Japanese style is achieved through the use of natural elements and restrained color
choices.
Japandi designs elegantly blend Scandinavian hygge, centered on Japandi interior design blends Japanese aesthetics with Scandinavian
coziness, with Japanese wabi-sabi philosophy, cherishing beauty in principles. It's marked by simplicity, minimalism, and natural
imperfection. Core elements of Japandi design include: materials, aiming for a calm, uncluttered ambiance. Clean lines, bright
• Minimalism: Japandi embraces purposeful simplicity. Spaces are spaces, neutral and muted colors, and a balance of functionality and
intentionally uncluttered, allowing for open layouts and clean lines, beauty define the style, reminiscent of Scandinavian design.
be they straight or curved.
• Natural Light: Natural light is a cornerstone of Japandi design,
seamlessly connecting indoor and outdoor realms. Utilizing white
walls to bounce sunlight and employing expansive windows are
pivotal techniques.
• Neutral Colors: Japandi's color palette mirrors nature, uniting warm
neutrals like beige and tan with cooler tones such as gray and blue.
Wooden hues, green accents, and subdued pastels cultivate a sense
of serenity, while bolder colors serve as impactful accents.
• Sustainability: Sustainability is integral to Japandi design. It
champions enduring, high-quality furniture that's intentionally
selected for spaces. Natural materials like wood, bamboo, and
textiles such as rattan, linen, and cotton take center stage.
Handcrafted decorations encompass terracotta, ceramic, stone, and
glass.
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 PURISM
The term "purus," originating from Latin, represents the idea of being
pure. Purism involves striving for excellence, and purity, and maintaining
established benchmarks.

The adoption of purism as a design philosophy became prominent in the

early 20th century. As people grew tired of excess and unconventional
Dating back 2000 years to ancient Rome, purism was rooted in the styles, designers returned to simplicity and geometric fundamentals,
principle of functionality. In Roman homes, every piece of furniture which are resistant to trends and the effects of time. These design
served a purpose, and the emphasis was on utility rather than excess. principles gained significant traction, leading to the rise and evolution of
Despite the minimalist approach, these spaces exuded exceptional puristic interior design.
quality and craftsmanship. The Roman houses might not have been filled
with numerous furnishings, but those present were carefully selected for
their utility and contribution to the overall aesthetics. This concept of
purposeful design and quality over quantity continues to influence
contemporary puristic interior design, contributing to its resurgence in
the modern world.
Purism, an enduring interior style that has reemerged in popularity,
embodies the philosophy of "less is more." This design trend emphasizes
subtlety, simplicity, and a focus on timeless elegance. Despite its
potential to sound uninteresting, when executed thoughtfully, purism
results in captivating and harmonious spaces.

Purist Decoration Essentials:

• Form: Balance straight lines with gentle curves for a
harmonious feel. Consistency in lines and thoughtful
composition is key.
• Material: Opt for top-quality natural materials with simple
textures to convey purity and elegance.
• Color: Choose a subdued background color and use
standout accessories for contrast. Experiment with color
combos for visual impact.
• Decoration: Decide between minimalism and select
adornments. Consider using plants or modern art as focal
points for added intrigue.
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ART DECO
The distinctive design originates from France. Its
elements showcase redefined edges and sharp corners. It
is characterized by prominent cabinetwork. The aesthetic
leans towards intricate and gem-like eras. Additionally, it
conveys a sense of substance and elegance.

Originally referred to as "le style moderne" or "Jazz

Moderne," the style was later renamed to its current
designation in 1968, a time of academic reevaluation. Art
Deco initially took form in France and gained global
attention through a state-supported exhibition held in
1925.
ART DECO
The daring, dynamic, and balanced motifs, patterns, and concepts of art deco represented
the advancement of technology across diverse sectors, ranging from transportation to
architecture, which brought about significant changes to the nation. Art deco design is
marked by geometric shapes, linear elements, and angular forms. The aesthetic is robust
and audacious, devoid of intricacies or sentimental qualities.

Art Deco Style Elements

• Colors: Vibrant and bold colors paired with high-shine accents like silver, chrome, or black.
• Furniture: Large-scale, streamlined pieces without intricate detailing. Think big sideboards, armoires, and spacious chairs. Safari-inspired designs with
mother-of-pearl or tortoiseshell inlays were popular.
• Fabrics: Choose materials like velvet, leather, or geometric-patterned textiles. Avoid overly feminine florals and masculine plaids. Solid colors or contrasting
blocks of color work well.
• Flooring: Herringbone or parquet wood patterns or inlays like sunbursts are Art Deco elements. Look for geometric linoleum or tile patterns, often with
optical illusion designs, and complement them with bold geometric rugs.
• Lighting: Art Deco lighting fixtures with geometric and symmetrical patterns are a standout feature. They effortlessly bring the Art Deco essence into your
space.
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