TERM III
By the end of the term, the
student will be able to
associate alterations in the
ecosystem with the
Physico-chemical behavior
of different substances, and
state simple strategies to
reduce the impact of these
substances on the
environment.
ATOMS
PERIODIC TABLE
SCHRODINGER ATOMIC MODEL AND THEORY
ELECTRONIC CONFIGURATION
CHEMICAL BONDS
ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM
HEAT AND SOUND
ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION BY
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AGENTS
WHAT IS MATTER
MADE OF?
WHAT AN
ATOM IS?
HAVE THE IDEA OF
ATOM CHANGE
WITH THE TIME?
 Investigate about the
personal life of the scientist
and key information of the
proposed model.
https://medium.com/@Intlink.edu/a-timeline-of-atomic-models-cb2607b1da85
WHAT CAN WE FIND INSIDE
ATOMS?

This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY.

1. Write a summary about the most important scientist investigating about atomic models.
John Dalton (1766 – 1844):
John Dalton was an English
chemist. His ideas form the
atomic theory of matter. Here are
his ideas.
* All elements are composed
(made up) of atoms. It is
impossible to divide or destroy
an atom.
*All atoms of the same
elements are alike. (One atom of
oxygen is like another atom of
oxygen.)
* Atoms of different elements
are different. (An atom of
oxygen is different from an atom
of hydrogen.)
* Atoms of different elements
combine to form a compound.
J. J. Thompson (Late 1800s):
J. J. Thompson was an English
scientist.
He discovered the electron when
he was experimenting with gas
discharge tubes.
He noticed a movement in a tube.
He called the movement cathode
rays. The rays moved from the
negative end of the tube to the
positive end. He realized that the
rays were made of negatively
charged particles – electrons.
Lord Ernest Rutherford (1871 –
1937): Ernest Rutherford
conducted a famous experiment
called the gold foil experiment. He
used a thin sheet of gold foil. He
also used special equipment to
shoot alpha particles (positively
charged particles) at the gold foil.
Most particles passed straight
through the foil like the foil was
not there. Some particles went
straight back or were deflected
(went in another direction) as if
they had hit something.
The experiment shows:
* Atoms are made of a small
positive nucleus; positive nucleus
repels (pushes away) positive
alpha particles * Atoms are mostly
empty space
Niels Bohr (Early 1900s): Niels
Bohr was a Danish physicist. He
proposed a model of the atom that
is similar to the model of the solar
system. The electrons go around
the nucleus like planets orbit
around the sun. All electrons have
their energy levels – a certain
distance from the nucleus. Each
energy level can hold a certain
number of electrons. When
electrons release (lose) energy
they go down a level. When
electrons absorb (gain) energy,
they go to a higher level.
Erwin Schrödinger (1926):
In 1926 Erwin Schrödinger, an
Austrian physicist, took the Bohr
atom model one step further.
Schrödinger used mathematical
equations to describe the
likelihood of finding an electron
in a certain position. This atomic
model is known as the quantum
mechanical model of the atom.
This model can be portrayed as a
nucleus surrounded by an electron
cloud.
The atomic theory has been
further enhanced by the concept
that protons and neutrons are
made of even smaller units
called quark.

2. Record an interview to the given scientist, make key questions

about their personal life and proposed atomic model. summative
act. Pair work
 Important concepts
•Electron •Levels of energy​
•Proton •Sublevels of energy​
•Neutron •Orbitals
•Valence electrons
•Atomic number (Z)
•Atomic mass
Valence electrons are important because
they are the electrons shared or transferred
during atomic bonds.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Kf71ku25j4k https://es.liveworksheets.com/lo2281642ny
CHARGED ATOMS
IONS

ANION CATION
PR
AC
TI
CE
 These rules
and
principles
gives
guidelines to https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6dRdMy9tgzE

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NIwcDnFjj98 organize
electrons in
the different
energy levels
of atoms.
 Inner divisions inside
orbitals.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FK1UTDZKbH0
 How to do it step by step
One electron organized ->

Two electrons organized ->

Three electrons organized ->

Four electrons organized ->

Five electrons organized ->

Number of Six electrons organized ->

electrons 9

Seven electrons organized ->

Eight electrons organized ->

Nine electrons organized ->

Atoms form chemical bonds to make their outer
electron shells more stable.