FAKULTAS BAHASA DAN SENI

UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI

Learning Material 5
Pertemuan Ke

05 Student’s Needs Analysis

Program Studi
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS
Lecturer: Dr. Gustaman Saragih, S.S.,
M.Pd.
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
Brown (1995)said that Needs analysis
is the systematic collection and analysis
Pertemuan Ke
of all information necessary for defining
05 and validating a defensible curriculum.
Needs analysis is very important for the
Program Studi teachers who will design syllabus and
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS materials for teaching in order to reach
the goal of learning well. (Saragih, et al,
2020).
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
• Need Analysis is directed mainly at the goals and content of
a course. It is examines what the learners know already and
what they need to know.
Pertemuan Ke
• Need analysis makes sure that course will contain relevant
05 and useful things to learn and good need analysis involves
asking the right questions and finding the answer in the
most effective ways.

Program Studi • Need analysis is the process of assessing the needs of your
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA students. Finding out what they know already (how much
INGGRIS
English), what they want to know and finally what interest
them.
 FAKULTAS BAHASA DAN SENI
UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
Hutchinson and Waters (2010) divided
needs into:
Pertemuan Ke
1. Target needs (i.e. what the students
05 need to do in the target situation
2. Learning needs (i.e. what the
Program Studi students need to do in order to
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS learn).

( Below is the figure of Target Needs)

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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI

Pertemuan Ke

05
Program Studi
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
Target Needs
The target situation analysis can determine the
Pertemuan Ke
destination; it can also act as a compass on the
05 journey of learning to give general direction.
1.Necessities
• Necessities is the type of needs determined by the
Program Studi demands of the target situation, that is what the
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA learner has to know in order to function effectively in
INGGRIS
the target situation.
• Necessities is the students’ required knowledge and
their objective needs in the four aspects of language,
i.e. listening, speaking, reading and writing.
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
NECESSITIES
Focus on : 1. Proficiency
2. Situation of use
Pertemuan Ke

05 Methods :
1. Self Report Proficiency Testing
2. Self Report Observation and analysis review of
Program studi previous research corpus analysis
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
2.Lacks
Pertemuan Ke
Lacks is the students’ present knowledge
in the four aspects of language, i.e.
05 listening, speaking, reading and writing.
For example, the students are already
Program Studi good in reading and writing but they are
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS
still weak in listening and speaking.
So, their lacks are listening and speaking.
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
LACKS
- What does the learner know already and what he does not
know yet.
Pertemuan Ke
- Lacks are the gaps between the target proficiency and

05 existing proficiency of the learner.

Focus on : 1. Proficiency
2. Situation of use
Program Studi
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS Methods :
1. Self Report Proficiency Testing
2. Self Report Observation and analysis
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
3. Wants
Pertemuan Ke
Wants is the students’ subjective
needs in the four aspects of
05 language, i.e. listening, speaking,
reading and writing.
Program Studi
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA Students have their own wishes and
INGGRIS
views about what they think are
necessary for them to study.
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
WANTS
1. Perceptions of the learners about their own needs
Pertemuan Ke 2. As what the learners view about what they need
and what they think useful for them.
05 Focus on : 1. Wishes
2. Use
Program Studi
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA Methods :
INGGRIS
1. Self Report
2. Observation
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI

Learning needs.
Learning Needs: How are we going from our
Pertemuan Ke
starting point to the destination?
05 It is the route of learning according to the vehicles
and guides available
(i.e. the condition of learning situation, the
Program Studi existing roads within the learners’ mind, their
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS knowledge, skill and strategies) and the learners’
motivation for travelling in learning process.
(Hutchinson and Waters, 2010).
 FAKULTAS BAHASA DAN SENI
UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI

Pertemuan Ke

05
Program Studi
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
Discovering Target Needs
There some ways in which the information about
Pertemuan Ke target needs can be discovered.

05 Among others are:

1. questionnaires
2. interviews
Program Studi 3. observations
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS 4. data collections
5. informal consultations
6. assignments
7. tests.
.
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
Some example questions about Needs
Analysis.
Pertemuan Ke
1. What will the course be used for?

05 2. Why are the students taking the course?

3. Where will the language be used?
4. Who are the students?
5. What do they know already about English?
Program Studi 6. What are their learning and socio-cultural background?
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS
7. What is their attitude to English and to English culture?
8. What resources/ materials are available?
9. What is their concept of teaching and learning?
10.What learning methodology will appeal to the students?
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI

Other factors that should be

Pertemuan Ke
considered (Iringan, 2015)
1. Who Teaches? The teacher.
05 2. Who do teachers teach? The Students
3. What do teachers teach? Knowledge,
Program Studi Skills and Values.
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS
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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI
4. How do teachers teach? Approach,
Method, Technique or Strategies.
Pertemuan Ke

5. How much of the teaching is learned?

05
Performance (achieving learning
Program Studi
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
outcomes)
6. With whom do we teach? Other
INGGRIS

teachers or community partners.

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UNIVERSITAS INDRAPRASTA PGRI

Have a nice learning.

Pertemuan Ke

05 LEARN TODAY, REACH THE

FUTURE.
Program Studi
PENDIDIKAN BAHASA
INGGRIS