PROJECT PRESENTATION

ON
METAL and SMOKE DETECTING ROBOTIC
VEHICLE
Guide Name Made By
Mr. Vikash Tiwari Aashutosh Singh(1613321003)
Anjali Panwar(1613321018)
Dipanshu Chaudhary(1613321044)
CONTENT

 Introduction
 Block Diagram
 Components
 Project picture
 Working and testing
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Applications
 Conclusion
INTRODUCTION

 Metal detectors are devices that use electromagnetic fields to detect and signal the
presence of metallic and ferromagnetic objects.
 An obstacle avoiding refers to the ability of a robot to detect the obstacle in its
way if there are any and thus make its own obstacle free path.
 Smoke detector is a smoke sensing device that indicates fire. Smoke
detectors are very common in homes, offices, schools, and industries.
 In this robot we used Bluetooth connectivity to operate the metal and smoke
detecting robot through an ANDROID application.
BLOCK DIAGRAM
COMPONENTS

 Microcontroller(ATMEGA328)
 Metal Detector(Metal Coil)
 GSM(Global System For Mobile)
 Gas Sensor(Smoke Sensor)
 Buzzer
 Ultrasonic Sensor(HC-SR04)
 DC Supply
 Bluetooth Module
 Motor circuit(L293D)
MICROCONTROLLER (ATMEGA328)-
It has 14 digital input/output pins(of which 6 can be used as PWM outputs), 6 analog inputs, a 16Mhz
ceramic resonator, a USB connection, a power jack, an ICSP header, and a reset button. It contains
everything needed to support the microcontroller, simply connect to a computer with a USB cable or
power it with a AC to DC adapter or battery to get started.
FEATURES:
 Atmega328 has 28 pins in total.
 It has 3 Ports in total which are named as Port B, Port C and Port D.
 Port C is an analogue Port and it has six pins in total. So, in simple words, ATmega328 has 6
analogue pins.
 Port B and Port D are digital ports and have 7 pins each.
 So, in total ATmega328 has 14 digital pins.
•It needs a crystal oscillator for generating the frequency. You can use crystal oscillator
ranging from 4MHz to 40 MHz.
•Arduino UNO board uses 16MHz crystal oscillator.
CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR-

A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit which is used for the

mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material. It will
create an electrical signal with a given frequency.

GSM-GSM is a cellular network, which means that cell phones connect to it by

searching for cells in the immediate vicinity.
GSM networks operate in a number of different carrier
frequency ranges with most networks operating in the
850 MHz or 2100 MHz bands.
METAL DETECTOR- It is a electronic device. The
operation of metal detectors is based upon the principles
of electromagnetic induction.
The simplest form of a metal detector consists of
an oscillator producing an alternating current that passes
through a coil producing an alternating magnetic field. If
a piece of electrically conductive metal is close to the
coil, eddy currents will be induced in the metal, and this
produces a magnetic field of its own. If another coil is
used to measure the magnetic field (acting as
a magnetometer), the change in the magnetic field due to
the metallic object can be detected.
 SMOKE DETECTOR
A smoke detector is a smoke sensing device that indicates fire. Smoke
Detectors are very common in homes, offices, schools, and industries.
Smoke Detectors are very useful devices as the damage caused by fire
accidents is catastrophic.
 VOLTAGE REGULATOR-
 A voltage regulator is used to regulate voltage level. When a steady, reliable voltage is needed,
then voltage regulator is the preferred device. It generates a fixed output voltage that remains
constant for any changes in an input voltage or load conditions. It acts as a buffer for protecting
components from damages.

 LCD SCREEN-
LCD screen is used here to display the message that either any meal is detected or it is
indicating about the smoke.
CONTROLLER-
A controller, in a computing context, is a hardware device or a software program that manages or
directs the flow of data between two entities. In computing, controllers may be cards, microchips
or separate hardware devices for the control of a peripheral device.
MOTOR-
Motors are one of the primary mechanisms by which robots move. Some motors can be attached to
wheels that drive a robot around. Other motors might cause joints in a robot limb to move. Yet
others might move the control surfaces of a robotic airplane or submarine. A robot might have
many different kinds of effectors to perform specific tasks, but many of these effectors are being
moved around by motors.
 What motors do is convert the electrical energy that powers the robot into mechanical energy that
allows the robot to do work. There are two measurements of a motor that are important for
understanding how much work it can do.
 Speed is what the maximum speed of the motor is. This is usually measured in revolutions per
minute, or RPM. 1 RPM means that the axle of the motor will turn completely around a circle
once in a minute, which is very slow. Even a very cheap DC motor will have a speed rating of at
least 1000 RPM.
 Torque is the measure of how much strength the motor outputs. A simple way to think about it is
that if you attached an arm with a weight on it to the axis of the motor, what is the maximum
amount of weight that the motor could lift.
 BUZZER-
A buzzer is a device which makes a buzzing or beeping noise.
This type of buzzer requires microcontroller to drive it-if you apply a DC voltage you
will just get a click.
They are very cheap and can be very loud without using very much power.
Theses are generally used as alarms.
ULTRASONIC SENSOR
 An Ultrasonic Sensor is an instrument that measures the
distance to an object using ultrasonic sound waves.
 An Ultrasonic Sensor uses a transducer to send and receive
ultrasonic pulses that relay back information about an object’s
proximity.
 High- Frequency sound waves reflect from boundaries to
produce distinct echo pattern.
BLUETOOTH MODULE-
The is robot controlled by Android smart mobile by using Bluetooth Technology. If this purpose we use
Bluetooth Module HC- 05. This module is used for controlling and connect to any electronic circuit to
Bluetooth. This module also have Rx, Tx pins for receiving and transmitting data. For operating this we
have to apply +12V DC supply.
b

Final project picture

TESTING AND WORKING:
This project is made to detect the smoke and metal in its near by efficiently. After applying all the references,
theory and blueprint…..
When we started testing this, initially we need to give it direct ac supply and bluetooth control for smoke we put
an artificial source of smoke, as the device reaches the nearby…..the buzzer starts and hence it detect the smoke at
predefined level.
For metal detection, we put a ferromagnetic material (magnetically active) infront of robot, the device detect it by
electromagnetic induction and the used GSM will start sending the text at preset cellphone. And also to prevent it
from form any damage due to obstacle…..the device also enjoys the presence ultrasonic sensor which will restrict
the further movement of rorbot toward obstacle.
ADVANTAGES-
 Low power consumption.
 Without human interruption it can work.
 The detection and removal of landmines can be achieved.
 It is used for finding the landmines in a short period, a necessary worldwide
concern at present.
 As this project enjoys the presence of robust material and ultrasonic sensor ,
which makes it mechanically strong and physically efficient as well.
 Lot more possibilities for upgradation in future as whole circuit is isolated
from one another.
DISADVANTAGE:
 It’s range cannot be more than 20m because of Bluetooth device.
 No self– test systems to detect a malfunction of sensors.
 A metal detector is not safe with people who had to get a pacemaker or
replacements such as a knee replacement.
 The sensor may occasionally fail and hence faulty signals could be sent to the
microcontroller board.
 The size of device is not compact as it should be as a detector.

.
APPLICATIONS-
 These robots are used for detecting the bombs.
 These can be used in construction industry for locating steel bars present
in concrete.
 They are used in airports and building security to detect the weapons.
 These robots are used in detecting landmines.
 CONCLUSION
.

 It also avoids the obstacles with the help of ultrasonic sensor.

 This project is used for military and police departments. And also
this is used for detecting the small pins in play grounds.
 This is cost effective and easy control.
 In this project we have studied a metal and smoke detecting robot
designed for safety using wireless communication