ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

INTRODUCTION

The project presents the garbage collection robot on the beach using
wireless communications. The power is supplied from 12V 1.2mAh battery
which is connected to 3W solar cells. The user can control robot via program
developed from MIT app inventor application based on Android. The
commands from user are sent via Bluetooth to Arduino for processing. In
addition, it is also equipped with an IP camera with added pan/tilt capabilities
which relays feedback information to the human operator via Ad-hoc system.
The results of robot performances were found that the robot can move with an
average speed of 0.5 meters per second on the sand via wireless communication
and collect the big garbage with side12.5 x 49 cm, for example, glass bottles,
and plastic, etc. From the experimental results, it can clearly indicate that the
proposed robot is superior to handle tasking conveniently, control capability,
and operate environmental friendly. Garbage is a major problem worldwide
attention. It can be seen from organizations that support & fix this problem,
such as Ocean Conservancy that is a non-profit environmental advocacy group.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 1
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

LITERATURE SURVEY

 K.P.M.Y.V.DATHU, M.MONISH KUMAR, V.KARTHEEK,

M.M.KARUNAKAR B.TechStudent, B.Tech Student, B.Tech
Student, Assistant Professor. Department of Electrical and Electronics
Engineering

Prime objective of our project is to collect all the wastes which are found
floating on water bodies and to minimize labor work. These are done by using
a hardware prototype and by using a Microcontroller for controlling all parts
of a machine by using a smart phone by using Wi-Fi or Bluetooth. We have
attempted to meet every one of the destinations to this item fruitful with the
end goal that our item gets propelled in the market.

 Shubham Tiwari1 , Prof. Sangeeta Kotecha, Gaurav Rasal , Pramod

Shukla , Ajinkya Mandavkar. Department of Electrical Engineering
Atharva college of Engineering, Malad (w), Mumbai

The main objective of this project is to design and implement a vacuum robot
prototype by using Arduino Uno, Motor, Ultrasonic Sensor, and IR Sensor
and to achieve the goal of this project. The whole circuitry is connected with
12V battery. Vacuum Robot will have several criteria that are user-friendly.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 2
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

BLOCK DIAGRAM

Ultrasoni
c

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 3
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

WORKING OF THE SYSTEM

Set up Bluetooth availability between Android Application and the Bluetooth

module. Check whether the gadget is associated. Connect the Bluetooth module
(HC-05) to our mobile and then move to app. whenever associated, give the
pre-characterized directions to the smaller scale telephone of the portable
handset. At that point they put away the direction so and specified android
application which is installed on a mobile. Open the android application and
give the instructions which we are given in the arduino program. Then the
machine will works as follows, we have used Arduino NANO board for
processing the whole system. These types of robot which should be handle in a secret
manner it have camera which will also be controlled by remote, batteries, an antenna.
In our robot we have also used CCD camera (charged couple device), it is used
to latch all information or data to the robot. On our remote controlled we are
using Bluetooth app for controlling the robot. If the robot has to travel in dark
areas or in night we have set up a LED light to on the CCD camera with all the
lightning circuitry. Bluetooth module (Radio frequency modules) are also used
in this robot for receiving and transmitting the signals from remote to agent
robot, so the user can control the robots speed, turning of robot basically
wholecontrol over the robot. To have good control over speed and turning we
have used brushed DC motors (three) with its motor driver l2989 (two) in our
military agent robot.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 4
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

COMPONENTS

1. ARDUINO
2. BLUETOOTH MODULE
3. MOTORS
4. MOTOR DRIVER
5. BATTERY
6. ULTRASONIC SENSOR
7. IP CAMERA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 5
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

HARDWARE DESCRIPTION

1. ARDUINO NANO

Arduino board utilizes an assortment of microchips and controllers. The

sheets are furnished with sets of advanced and simple information/yield
(I/O) sticks that might be interfaced to different extension sheets or
breadboards (shields) and different circuits. The sheets highlight
sequential correspondences interfaces, including Universal Serial Bus
(USB) on a few models, which are likewise utilized for stacking programs
from PCs.

2. HC-05 BLUETOOTH MODULE

HC‐ 05 module is as Bluetooth SPP (Serial Port Protocol) module, intended

for straight forward remote sequential association setup. The HC-05
Bluetooth Module can be utilized in a Master or Slave arrangement,
making it an incredible answer for remote correspondence. This

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 6
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

sequential port Bluetooth module is completely qualified Bluetooth

V2.0+EDR (Enhanced Data Rate) 3Mbps Modulation with complete
2.4GHz radio handset and baseband.

3. MOTORS

A DC motor is any of a class of rotary electrical motors that converts

direct current electrical energy into mechanical energy. The most
common types rely on the forces produced by magnetic fields. Nearly
all types of DC motors have some internal mechanism, either
electromechanical or electronic to periodically change the direction of
current in part of the motor. A simple DC motor has a stationary set of
magnets in the stator and an armature with one or more windings of
insulated wire wrapped around a soft iron core that concentrates the
magnetic field.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 7
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

4. L293 IC- DC MOTOR DRIVER:

The L293 and L293D are quadruple high-current half-H drivers. The
L293 is designed to provide bidirectional drive currents of up to 1 A at
voltages from 4.5 V to 36 V. The L293D is designed to provide
bidirectional drive currents of up to 600-mA at voltages from 4.5 V to
36 V. Both devices are designed to drive inductive loads such as
relays, solenoids, dc and bipolar stepping motors, as well as other
high-current/high-voltage loads in positive-supply applications. All
inputs are TTL compatible. Each output is a complete totem-pole
drive circuit, with a Darlington transistor sink and a pseudo-
Darlington source. Drivers are enabled in pairs, with drivers 1 and 2
enabled by 1,2EN and drivers 3 and 4 enabled by 3,4EN.

5. BATTERY

A battery is a source of electric power consisting of one or more

electrochemical cells with external connections for powering
electrical devices such as flashlights, mobile phones, and electric cars.
When a battery is supplying electric power, its positive terminal is the
cathode and its negative terminal is the anode. The terminal marked
negative is the source of electrons that will flow through an external
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION
PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 8
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

electric circuit to the positive terminal. When a battery is connected to

an external electric load, a redox reaction converts high-energy
reactants to lower-energy products, and the free-energy difference is
delivered to the external circuit as electrical energy.

6. HC-SR04 ULTRASONIC SENSOR

The HC-SR04 ultrasonic distance sensor uses sonar to determine

distance to an object with stable readings and high accuracy of 3mm.
The module includes ultrasonic transmitter, receiver and control
circuit. In order to generate the ultrasound, you have to set the trig on
high state for 10 microseconds. The trig pin will send out the sonic
burst which travels at the speed of sound.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 9
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

7. WIRELESS IP CAMERA

An Internet Protocol camera, or IP camera, is a type of digital video

camera that receives control data and sends image data via an IP
network. They are commonly used for surveillance but unlike analog
closed-circuit television (CCTV) cameras, they require no local
recording device, only a local area network. Most IP cameras are
webcams, but the term IP camera or net cam usually applies only to
those that can be directly accessed over a network connection, usually
used for surveillance. Some IP cameras require support of a central
network video recorder (NVR) to handle the recording, video and
alarm management. Others are able to operate in a decentralized
manner with no NVR needed, as the camera is able to record directly
to any local or remote storage media.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 10
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION

Arduino IDE:

Arduino is a type of computer software and Hardware Company that

offers open-source environment for user project and user community that
intends and fabricates microcontroller based inventions for construction
digital devices and interactive objects that can sense and manage the
physical world. For programming the microcontrollers, the Arduino proposal
provides an software application or IDE based on the Processing project,
which includes C, C++ and Java programming software. It also support
for embedded C, C++ and Java programming software.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 11
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

Advantages

1. It is Cost effective and easy to operate

2. It can be operatedremotely.
3. Less Human intervention.
4. Ease of Maintenance.

Disadvantages

1. Range of Bluetooth is notFlexible

2. Performance of the Battery can be affected due to heavy
motor load.
3. It cannot be used in large scale industries.
4. It cannot handle heavy objects and materials.

Applications

1. Domestic house cleaning.

2. School, colleges and officeetc.
3. Beaches and Public places.
4. Railways platform and Bus stand.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 12
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

CONCLUSION

The Robot Garbage Collector is design for collecting the garbage

using wireless communication remotely. The proposed model
eliminates the manual switching to on/off the robot. Garbage
collecting features of all the hardware components used have been
developed in it . Presence of every module has been reasoned out and
placed carefully thus contributing to the best working of the unit. The
robot is expected to overcome the Garbage problem effectively
minimizing Human intervention

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 13
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

REFERENCES

1. Techno mentis By, Automated Garbage Collector”, instructables.com.

https://www.instructables.com/id/Automated-Garbage-Collector/

2. Eco Beach Cleaner By,Amit Kumar Yadav 1. Animesh Singh 2. M.A.

Murtaza 3. And Ajendra Kumar Singh 41,2UG Student,
Department of Mechanicaland Automation, Amity University
(Lucknow Campus),India.

3. Y.Fu-caietal. Design of Cleaning Robot for Swimming Pools. International

Conference on Management Science and IndustrialEngineering (MSIE).
2015, pp.1175-1178

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 14
 ROBOT GARBAGE COLLECTOR USING WIRELESS COMMUNICATION

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONIC AND INSTRUMENTATION

PDA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, KALABURAGI Page 15