CORNEA

BY
dr. HERIN ELFANI

OPHTALMOLOGY DEPARTEMENT
FACULTY OF MEDICINE – ANDALAS UNIVERSITY
M. DJAMIL HOSPITAL, PADANG
30 NOVEMBER 2022
The cornea are avascular and transparancy
tissue in the anterior of the eye.

 Horizontal Meridian 12 mm
 Vertical Meridian 11 mm
 The central third of cornea is nearly spherical and
measures approximately 4 mm
 Central cornea is thinner 0,5 mm than peripheral 1,0
mm.
The cornea is a
avascular tissue
consisting of 5
layers:

 Epithelium
 Bowman Layer
 Stroma
 Descemet
Membrane
 Endothelium
OXYGEN IS PROVIDED TO THE CORNEA VIA :

 Precorneal Tear Film

 Tear Film (which obtains oxygen from the

air and eyelid vasculature)

 Aqueous Humor
Ephitelium Layer
• The anterior surface of the cornea is covered
by a lipophilic, nonkeratinized, stratified
squamous epithelium that is composed of 4–
6 cell layers and is typically 40–50 μm thick.

• The basal cells have a width of 12 μm and a

density of approximately 6000 cells/mm2 .
They are attached to the under lying basal
lamina by hemidesmosomes.

• Overlying the basal cell layer are 2 or 3 layers

of polygonal “wing” cells. Superficial to these
layers are 1–2 layers of corneal epithelial
“surface” cells that are extremely thin
(30 μm) and are attached to one another by
tight junctions.
Bowman Layer

This layer is immediately posterior to

the epithelial basal lamina.

This layer is 8–12 μm thick and is

composed of collagen fibers that are
30 nm in diameter.
Stroma Layer

The stroma
makes up
90% of the
corneal
thickness.
Descemet Membrane and The Descemet
Endothelium Layer membrane is a
specialized basement
membrane, 10–12 μm
thick, present
between the
endothelium and the
posterior stroma
The corneal
endothelium is a
single layer
posterior to the
Descemet
membrane and is
composed of
polygonal cells 20
μm in diameter
THANK YOU