MODULE 2

Prepared by : Engr. Jzarro S. Villanueva, RME,SO3

BASIC SAFETY
RULES AND
MEASURES FOR
WORKPLACE
HAZARD
 HOUSEKEEPING

• Housekeeping must be given a

priority to maintain a safe sand
healthy environment.
• Poor housekeeping can present
hidden hazards that may cause
incident.
 5S

• 5S was developed in Japan and was

identified as one of the techniques that
enabled just-in-time manufacturing.
• It was first officially introduced in the
1970's in the Toyota motor company.
 5S
 Seiri-Sort P -PILIIN
 Seiton-Set in order
 Seiso- Sweep I -IAYOS
 Seiketsu-
Standardize L -LINISIN
 Shitsuke-Sustain
A -
K ALAGAA
N
-KUSAIN
 7S
 Sort
 Set in order
 Sweep/Shine
 Standardize/Self Discipline
 Sustain
 Safety
 Spirit
ELEMENTS TO AN EFFECTIVE HOUSEKEEPING
PROGRAM
• DUST AND DIRT REMOVAL
• EMPLOYEE FACILITIES
• SURFACES
• MAINTAIN LIGHT FIXTURES
• AISLES AND STAIRWAYS
• SPILL CONTROL
• TOOLS AND EQUIPMENTS
• MAINTENANCE
• WASTE DISPOSAL
• STORAGE
MATERIALS HANDLING AND STORAGE

• Material handling is the movement of

materials and goods from one
location to another. It includes
protecting, storing, and controlling
the materials, from manufacturing to
distribution.
TYPES OF MATERALS HADLING

1. MANUAL HADLING – refers to any

transporting or supporting of load by one or
more workers.

2.AUTOMADED OR MECHANICAL
HANDLING- refers to the use of machines and
equipment for handling, transportation of
material.
MANUAL HANDLING RISK FACTORS

• LOAD IS TO HEAVY
• LOAD IS TO LARGE
• LOAD IS DIFFICULT TO GRASP
• LOAD IS UNSTABLE
/UNBALANCE
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

• SPACE AVAILABILITY
• FLOORING/GROUND
• WEATHER/CLIMATE
• LIGHTINGS/ILLUMINATION
• INDIVIDAUL FACTOR
• LIFTING STANDARDS
-maximum capacity for men- 25kg
-maximum capacity for women- 20kg
• HANDLING HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
• MECHANICAL HANDLING
a. CONVEYORS
b. CRANES
c. INDUSTRIAL TRUCKS
 L.C. RULE 1150: MATERIALS HANDLING AND
STORAGE
(1) Use of Mechanical Equipment. Where mechanical handling
equipment is used, sufficient safe clearance shall be allowed for
aisles, at loading docks, through doorways and wherever turns or
passage must be made. Aisles and passageways shall be kept clear
and in good repair, with no obstruction across or in aisles that could
create a hazard. Permanent aisles and passageways shall be
appropriately marked.
(2) Secure Storage. Storage of material shall not create a hazard. Bag
containers, bundle, etc., stored in tiers shall be stacked, blocked,
interlocked and limited in height so that they are stable and secure
against sliding or collapse.
(3) Housekeeping. Storage areas shall be kept free from accumulations
of materials that constitute hazards from tripping, fire, explosion, or
pest harborage. Vegetation control shall be exercised when
necessary
(4) Clearance Limits. Clearance signs to warn of clearance limits shall
be provided.
(5) Rolling Railroad Cars. Derail and/or bumper blocks shall be
provided on spur railroad tracks where a rolling car could contact
other cars being worked, enter a building, work or traffic area.
(6) Guarding. Covers and/or guardrails shall be provided to protect
personnel from the hazards of open pits, tanks, vats, ditches, etc.
 MACHINE SAFETY

-guarantee the health and safety of people exposed

to the installation, operation, adjustment and
maintenance of machinery.
MACHINE GUARD SAFETY –
precautionary safety feature on
manufacturing or other engineering
equipment's.
MACHINERY HAZARD
a. Mechanical Hazard- mainly with
contact with or being caught by
dangerous moving parts.
WHERE MECHANICAL
HAZARD OCCUR
1.The point of operation
2.Power transmission apparatus
3.Other moving parts
TYPES OF MACHINE HAZARD
• Crushing
• Shearing
• Cutting or severing
• Entanglement
• Drawing in or Trapping
• Impact
• Stabbing or punching
MACHINE ACCIDENT

MACHINE ACCIDENT
MACHINE SAFETY
 ELECTRICAL SAFETY

• A general practice of workers

who are exposed to handling and
maintaining electrically powered
equipment.
HAZARD, RISK AND DANGER OF ELECTRICITY
• Electric Shock
• Burns
 Electrical Burns
a.Direct electrical burn
b. Indirect electrical burn
• Fire and explosion
• Arcing
ELECTRICAL HAZARD
• Exposed electrical parts
• Overhead power lines
• Defective insulation
• Improper grounding
• Overloaded circuits
• Wet working conditions
• Damage tools and equipment
• Improper PPE
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
PREVENTION OF ELECTRICAL HAZARD

• Power tools
• Temporary lights
• Lockout and Tagging of
Circuits
• Grounding tools and
Equipment
LOTO ( LOCK OUT,TAG OUT)
Lockout – the process of blocking the flow of energy from source to a piece of
equipment, and keeping it block out.
Lockout Devices:
Tag out- the placement of a tag out devices on an energy isolating device.

Tag out Devices:

STEPS IN APPLYING LOTO

1. Prepare shutdown
2. Notify employee
3. Shutdown-turn of off the equipment/machine
4. Isolate from the energy source
5. Apply LOTO
6. Release stored energy
7. Verify if power is off
 FIRE SAFETY
• the set of practices intended to reduce the
destruction caused by fire. Fire safety measures
include those that are intended to prevent
ignition of an uncontrolled fire, and those that
are used to limit the development and effects of
a fire after it starts.
THE FIRE TRIANGLE AND THE FIRE
TETRAHEDRON
Heat – responsible for ignition of fire
Fuel- Any kind of combustible material
Air- most fire require almost 16% to burn ( Air contains
21% of oxygen)
 STAGES OF FIRE

• Ignition
• Growth
• Fully developed
• Decay (Burnout)
CLASSIFICATION OF FIRE
FOUR BASIC STEPS FOR USING PORTABLE
EXTINGUISHERS

T- TWIST THE PIN

P-PULL THE PIN
A-AIM
S-SQUEEZE
S-SWEEP
FIRE SAFETY
 CHEMICAL SAFETY

Chemical hazard – type of occupational hazard

caused by exposure to chemicals in the
workplace.
Types of Chemical hazard
1. liquids such as acids, solvents especially if
they do not have a label
2. Vapor and fumes
3. Flammable materials
ROUTES OF EXPOSURE TO
CHEMICAL
• Ingestion
• Inhalation from fumes
• Poisoning
• Explosion
CHEMICAL HAZARD CONTROL

a. Engineering Method
1. Provide proper storage of chemical
2. Proper lock-out tag-out
3. Proper illumination in storage area
4. Proper ventilation
5. Removal of combustible materials
b. Administrative Method
1. Provide proper marking of chemical
2. Posting of signage's/ warning devices
3. Provision of Material Safety Date Sheet

c. Personal Protective Equipment

1. Wearing prescribe PPE while handling
materials.
CHEMICAL SAFETY