Business & Professional

Speech

Week; 1
Faculty; Tahira Naseem
Communication
Communication is a systematic process which begins with the
message being delivered, the audience receives the message, reacts
and respond to it.

Communication can be verbal, non-verbal. Para Language is part of

the Non-Verbal Communication method. It includes pitch, intonation,
prosody & volume to convey the feeling or to express our ideas.
Purpose of Communication

To inquire - obtaining by asking

To inform - to disseminate
information

To persuade - influence others

To develop goodwill - developing and

maintaining harmonious relationship
Principles of Effective Communication

The 7 characteristics of effective communication are as follows:

Completeness

Conciseness

Consideration

Concreteness

Courtesy

Clarity

Correctness
Process of Communication

1. Sensing a Communication Need

Communicate when you believe that some form of

communication will help you achieve the desired state.
Defining the Situation

To begin communication, you need to have a well-informed

sense of the situation.

For example, knowing what the problem is and how to

resolve it.
3. Considering Possible Communication Strategies

As your definition of the situation takes shape, you will

start considering different options for solving it.
To generate a good solution, think and research your
potential audiences and their contexts, your own goals and
limitations, and any relevant larger contexts.
4. Selecting a Course of Action

After defining the situation & considering the possible strategies,

your decision will include preliminary choices about the message
type, contents, structure, verbal style, and visual format, and
about the channel you will use to deliver the message.
5. Composing the Message

Here is where you either craft your message, carefully

working out its contents, structure, verbal style, and visual
format, or plan your strategy for discussing your solution
with your audience.
6. Sending the Message

When your message is prepared or carefully planned, you

are ready to deliver it to your intended recipients in the
channel you have chosen. You choose a good time to
deliver it.
For instance, Monday morning and Fridays may not be the
best time. You want to ensure that your message doesn’t
get lost amidst all the other stimuli.
7. Receiving the Message

Your chosen channel has delivered your message to each

intended recipient, who has perceived and decided to read
or listen to your message.
8. Interpreting the Message

This is the time where recipient interpret your message.

This activity will involve not only extracting information
from the message but also guessing your communication
purpose, forming judgments about you and those you
represent, and picking up on cues about the relationship
you want to promote.
9. Deciding on a Response

Any time you send a message, you hope for a certain

response from your recipient, whether it be increased
goodwill, increased knowledge, a specific responding
action, or a combination of these. If your message has been
carefully adapted to the recipient, it has a good chance of
achieving the desired response.
10. Replying to the Message

The recipient’s response to your message will often take

the form, at least in part, of replying to your message.
When this is the case, the receiver is acting as
communicator, following the process that you followed
to generate your message.
Oral Communication
Oral communication is communication via spoken
language often takes place in the following forms:

face-to face
meetings
voicemail messages
teleconferencing
oral presentation and
public speaking
Body language:

Appearance
Posture
Eye contact
Nervousness
Grooming and
Dressing
Paralanguage Includes:

Suprasegmental features of speech:

Tone
Stress
Volume
Speed
Voice
Quality
Hesitations
Paralanguage also Includes:

Nonlinguistic sounds such as:

Sighs
Whistles
Groans
 Discussion Topics

1. How can being conscious of the elements of talking help us

communicate better?
2. Being able to start a conversation is especially important when
meeting clients in social settings. Discuss the types of topics that
would and would not be appropriated.
3. Explain the principal differences between written and
oral communication.
4. Explain how a speaker’s personal characteristics
influence the meanings of his or her spoken words.
5. “One’s manner of dress, choice of hairstyle, physical
characteristics, and the like are personal. They should
have no influence on any form of oral communication.”
Discuss.
6. By description (or perhaps by example), identify good
and bad postures and walking practices for public
speaking.
7. Explain how facial expressions can miscommunicate.
8. Give some illustrations of gestures that can be used
to communicate more than one meaning. Demonstrate
them.
9. “We are born with voices—some good, some bad, and
some in between. We have no choice but to accept
what we have been given.” Comment.
Rules of Engagement

1. Ask a rhetorical question or 'why' questions instead of 'what'

2. Tell a joke
3. Tell a sticky story (with a hook)
4. Ask for a physical movement
5. Create an interactive experience
6. Reframe the situation
7. Be contagiously positive
8. Smile big and laugh loudly
9. Encourage other people
10. Give yourself permission to admit to emotions beyond
happinesss
11. Own your flaws & don't be afraid to talk about them
12. Make the people around you feel special
13. Give compliment with a context
14. The 85% rule
15. Make eye contact
16. Be yourself
17. Use the mirror method
18. Use humour
19. Have a prop
20. Know the audience attention span
END