SAFETY AND FIRST

AID
 INJURY PREVENTION AT
HOME AND AT SCHOOL
• Accidents at Home
• Falls, Fires, Electrical shock, poisoning
• Safety in Class
• Violence at School
• Violence- Using force to hurt someone or to cause damage
• Gun Safety
• Avoid guns, lock them up, hunting
• Seven ways to protect yourself
• Think before you act, pay attention, know your limits, practice refusal
skills, use safety equipment, change risky behavior, change risky
situations
 FIRE SAFETY
• Fire prevention and detection
• Smoke detector- an alarm that detects smoke from a fire
• Check batteries
• Check to see if working
• How to put out small fires
• Fire extinguisher- a device that releases chemials to put out a fire
• 3 different types
 SAFETY ON THE ROAD
• Safety while walking
• Use sidewalks
• Walk facing traffic
• Use crosswalks
• Look both ways
• Make sure driver can se you
• Avoid walking at night
• No headphones
• Safety on wheel
• Wear safety equipment
• Pay attention to traffic
• Follow the rules of road
• Wear proper attire
• Ride in designated areas
• Ride with a friend
• Avoid night riding
• Vehicle safety
• Bus safety
 SAFETY OUTDOORS
• Safety on a cold day
• Hypothermia- a below normal body temperature
• Frostbite- is damage to skin and other tissues that is caused by
extreme cold
• Safety on a hot day
• Heat exhaustion- a condition caused by too much water loss
through sweating on a hot day
• Heatstroke- is an injury that happens when the body cannot
control its temperature.
• Playing safe
• Drink water, use sunscreen, watch weather
 NATURAL DISASTERS
• Earthquakes
• A shaking of the earth’s surface caused by movement along a break
in the Earth’s crust
• Natural disasters- natural events that widespread injury, death, and
property damage.
• Tornadoes and hurricanes
• Tornado- a spinning column of air that has a high wind speed and
touches the ground.
• Hurricane- a large spinning tropical weather system with wind
speeds of at least 74mph
• Flood- is an overflowing of water into areas that are normally dry
• Flash flood- a flood with no warning
• Be prepared!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
 DECIDING TO GIVE FIRST
AID
• Emergency- a sudden event that demands immediate action
• Handling an Emergency
• Check the situation
• Call for help
• Care for victim
• First aid- emergency medical care for someone who has been hurt or
who is sick.
 MAKING AN EMERGENCY
PHONE CALL
• Dial 9-1-1
• The three pieces of information that you will need to know:
• Your name and location
• The type of emergency
• The condition of anyone who is hurt
• What you’ve done to help the victim
• Stay calm
• Don’t hang up first
 ABDOMINAL THRUST
AND RESCUE BREATHING
• Abdominal Thrusts- actions that apply pressure to a choking person’s
stomach to force an object out of his or her throat
• First Aid for choking infants(pg 394)
• First Aid for choking adults(pg 395)
• Rescue Breathing for adults
• Rescue breathing- an emergency technique in which a rescuer gives
air to someone who is not breathing
• Cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)- an emergency technique used
to save a victim who isn’t breathing and who doesn’t have a heart
beat.
• Rescue breathing for small children
 FIRST AID FOR INJURIES
• Bleeding
• Burns
• Severity determines first aid
• Poisoning
• Fractures-broken or cracked bone
• Dislocations- when a bone is forced out of its normal position
• Head, Neck, and Back Injuries
 QUESTIONS:

1. As first aider what is the various

roles and responsibilities.
2. What are the main aims of a first
aider.
3. What are the potential hazards in
this situation.
 DEFINE THE FOLLOWING
TERMS
• Emergency
• Injury
• Self-aid
• First Aider
• Hemorrhage
• Shock
• Dressing
• Bandage
• Fracture
• Venom