Design and Development of Flexible

Wearable Antenna for IoT Applications

Zeroth Review
Outline
 Introduction

 Motivation

 Wearable IoT Antennas

 Literature Survey

 Milestone and Timeline

 Summary
Introduction

 Wearbale antennas are usually referred to as body-worn antennas, textile antennas, body-area-
network (BAN) antennas, and antennas for body-centric communications, and wearable
 Here, we aim to design a wearable antenna that has flexible functionality without any degradation in
electrical and radiation property and to cover ka frequency band (26 - 40 GHz)
 Conventionally, wearable antennas are designed using rigid substrates that limits flexibility and
conformal behaviour
 Taconic,
 FR4
 Rogers and Duroid materials
 Conventional metal-based antennas exhibit ohmic losses and more prone to corrosion and other
environmental factors
Wearable IoT antennas

 The specific environment in which wearable antennas operate imposes explicit

requirements and constraints that must be included in the antenna’s design criteria
 This impacts the choice of materials and technologies to implement the antenna
 Wearable antennas must be unobtrusive, in the sense that they do not limit the
movements of the person wearing the wireless device
 The 5G wearable antennas have to be rugged with a low visual signature for
emergency and law-enforcement applications
 The antenna should exhibit low Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) and reflection of signal
at ellipsoidal surface
Wearable IoT antennas

(a) An electrotextile patch antenna

(b) Patch antenna etched in copper on a thin ultraflexible
polyimide substrate
(c) Screen-printed textile patch antenna, and
(d) Copper-foil patch antenna on a textile substrate

Nepa P, Rogier H. Wearable Antennas for Off-Body Radio Links at VHF and UHF Bands: Challenges, the state of the art, and future trends below 1 GHz. IEEE antennas and Propagation
Magazine. 2015 Oct 8;57(5):30-52.
Literature Survey

S. No Title Authors Technique Antenna used

1. Fifth Generation Antennas: A Sumit kumar, Amruta S. Dixit, SISO, MIMO All antennas
Comprehensive Review of Rajeshwari R. Malekar , Hema
Design and Performance D. Raut , and Laxmikant K.
Enhancement Techniques Shevada

2. A Modified Meander Line
Microstrip Patch Antenna
With Enhanced Bandwidth
for 2.4 GHz ISM-Band
Internet of Things (IoT)
Applications
Mohammad Shahidul Islam, Iterative Meander line Patch
Mohammad Tariqul Islam, Md. Modifications in antenna
Amanath Ullah, Gan kok beng, Meander line
Nowshad amin and Norbahiah
misran
Literature Survey (contd.)

S. No Title Authors Technique Antenna used

3. An IoT Controlled Allam Vamseekrishna, Reconfigurabl Patch antenna with

Octahedron Frequency Boddapati Taraka Phani e antenna triangular cut
Reconfigurable Multiband Madhav, Tirunagari with 4 PIN
Antenna for Microwave Anilkumar and Lakkam diodes
Sensing Applications Siva Shanker Reddy

4. Fractal Antennas for Mohamed I. Ahmed and Fractal Patch antenna

Wearable Applications Mai F. Ahmed antenna

5. Wideband Wearable Albert Sabban Dual-layered Printed Dipole antenna

Antennas for 5G, IoT, and printed dipole
Medical Applications
Design Challenges
 Need of good mechanical stability without any micro cracks

 High electrical conductivity with ka frequency coverage, increased bandwidth and gain

 Reduce Specific Absorption Rate (SAR)

 Projection of antenna on to an non-planar surface

 Azimuthal and elevation coverage without back radiation

 For a selected on-body antenna location, postures and movements of the wearer, the design affect both

antenna radiation pattern and input impedance

 Wearable antennas need to be designed to be broadband to compensate for such casual variations
Objective

To design and develop a multi-port conformal wearable antenna using

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) substrate with the required gain, frequency,

beamwidth and compare its performance using Rogers RT 5880

Design Parameters

PARAMETERS VALUES

Length(L) 34 mm

Width(W) 30.3 mm

Length of the feed line (L1) 12.5 mm

Width of the feed line (Wg) 0.5 mm

Length of the ground (Lg) 12 mm

Radius of the heptagon (R) 10 mm

Space between ground and feed line (g) 0.5 mm

Modelling
 Miniature antenna-wearable-flexible-Ka-band applications
 RT duroid 5880 substrate
 Insetfeed-single port feed-cutouts
 Conducting material-copper-0.0175-thin and flexible
Summary

 A single port wearable antenna is designed and modelled to operate on the Ka-band

frequency(28-38GHz) applications

 To design multi-port flexible wearable antenna with high gain antenna that find its

application for IoT, Medical, Sports and emergency applications

 The multi-port antenna system can be a effective to implement an efficient wideband

system that meets the requirements for wearable antennas

 References

i. Kumar, Sumit, et al. "Fifth generation antennas: A comprehensive review of design and performance
enhancement techniques." IEEE Access 8 (2020): 163568-163593.
ii. Islam, Mohammad Shahidul, et al. "A modified meander line microstrip patch antenna with enhanced
bandwidth for 2.4 GHz ISM-band Internet of Things (IoT) applications." IEEE Access 7 (2019): 12785
-127861.
iii. Vamseekrishna, Allam, et al. "An IoT controlled octahedron frequency reconfigurable multiband
antenna for microwave sensing applications." IEEE Sensors Letters 3.10 (2019): 1-4.
iv. Ahmed, Mohamed I., and Mai F. Ahmed. "Fractal antennas for wearable applications " Fractal
Analysis. IntechOpen, 2018.
Thank you