Capt. J.A.

C Calabano
INSTRUCTOR’S GUIDE
Subject: Occupational Health and Safety (OHS Include
PADAMS and common health for seafarers
Topic : The control of work and Permit to work system
ILO’s : At the end of the session, the students should be
able to:
1. Apply the control of work process;
2. Define roles and accountabilities within the system;
3. Create a JHJ ;
4. Complete a permit to work; and
5. Use a permit to work
 Introduction

Between 1999 and October 2004

54 members of a petrochemical company workforce lost
their lives as a result of failures in the control of their
work while undertaking routine workplace activities
typical of the industry. These tragedies represent nearly
half of all their workplace fatalities.
 Introduction to the standard
workforce fatalities 1999-2004 % incident type

100%
90%
80%
70%
60%
50%
40%
30%
20%
10%
0%
Control Of work Driving Others

Series 1 Series 2
Control of work simplified

Plan the work

Identify Completion of
Hazards work

Audit

Monitoring
JHJ and
Supervision

Permit to
work (if
required)
 JOB PLANNING
What is the plan?

• Task , resources, organization, and the developed and documented

method to achieve a specific objective , end or goal
• Task- an assigned piece of work, often required to be finished within a
certain time
• Resources- source of supply or support
• Organization- the condition or act of being organized, to arrange
elements into a whole of inter dependents parts
ROUTINE VS NON ROUTINE
ROUTINE – a regular procedure
NON ROUTINE- other than a regular schedule

• A change of personnel- different training

• Different experience
• Different environment
• Different attitudes
• Different skills
• Different knowledge
 Job Hazard Analysis
Hazard and Risk
• Hazard- is source of potential harm or damage or a situation with
potential for harm or damage
• Risk- is a combination of the Probability (likelihood) that the hazard
will actually occur, and the Effect of the Hazard (the nature and
severity of the harm)

• HAZARD- CAN CONTROL

• RISK- IS TO MITIGATE
 MITIGATION OF RISK

• AVOID- don’t do if you don’t have to

• PREVENT - use hazard controls to remove the hazard guard

regulation etc.

• MINIMIZE- use hazard controls to reduce the severity of the hazards

ex. Safety equipment, training, PPE etc.
 CONTROL OF HAZARD
ENGINEERING

 Hardware solutions that remove the hazard, such as interlocks and machine
guards
 Ventilation

 Tool maintenance and repair

ADMINISTRATION (Procedures)

 Regulations

 Training and awareness

 Inspection and evaluation
PPE – Personal Protective Equipment
 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS
 HEAT
 COLD
 ILLUMINATION(LACK OF)
 OXYGEN DEDEFEFICIENCY
 TOXIC ATMOSPHERE
 EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE
 DUST
 WATER
 ENVIRONMENTAL RELEASED (SPILL OR AIR)
 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS
PHYSICAL HAZARD
 CAUGHT BETWEEN

 STRUCK BY
 FALL FROM ABOVE

 FALL AT THE SAME LEVEL

 FALL ON TO

 SLIPPING

 TRIPPING

 ENERGY RELEASE

 LIFTING AND LANDING

 IDENTIFICATION OF HAZARDS
RESOURCE HAZARDS
 INSUFFICIENT SUPERVISION
 TOO FEW PEOPLE
 TO MANY PEOPLE
 PERSONNEL NOT TRAINED OR EXPERIENCED
 IMPROPER TOOL
 DEFECTIVE TOOL
 METERS AND MONITORS
 LIFTING AND RIGGING
 WEIGHT AND HANDLING LIMITATIONS
 NOT ENOUGH MATERIALS TO DO THE JOB
 WRONG MATERIAL FOR THE JOB
 LACK OF TECHNICAL INFORMATION
 JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS OR JHJ PROCESS
• DEFINE OBJECT OF THE JOB
• VISIT THE WORK SITE AND EVALUATE
• PLAN THE JOB
• LIST THE STEPS OR TASK OF THE JOB FROM SET-UP TO
FINISH TO CLEAN UP
• IDENTIFY AND LIST THE HAZARDS FOR EACH STEP OF THE
JOB
• IDENTITIFY AND LIST THE HAZARDS EFFECTS FOR EACH
HAZARD
• REVIEW THE JHJ WITH THE PEOPLE DOING WORK
• DO THE JOB ADJUST JHJ IF NECESSARY
JOB HAZARD ANALYSIS OR JHJ FACTORS

• INVOLVE THE PEOPLE DOING JOB FROM THE BEGINNING

• DOCUMENTS THE JHJ FOR THE FUTURE REFFERENCE AND
TRAINING
• VISIT THE WORK SITE BEFORE WRITING UP THE JHJ AND
CERTAINLY BEFORE STARTING WORK
• IF NECESSARY BREAK THE JOB INTO SEPARATE SMALLER
JOBS
• USE THE JHJ FOR ROUTINE AND NON ROUTINE
 DETERMINE THE RISK
SH- Slightly Harmful H- Harmful EH- extremely Harmful

L- Likely M- Moderate Risk H- Substantial Risk VH- Intolerable Risk

UL- Unlikely OK- Tolerable Risk M- Moderate Risk H- Substantial Risk

VL- Very Unlikely L- Trivial Risk OK- Tolerable Risk M- Moderate Risk
 Definition of Personnel and Responsibilities
• Accountable Person (AP)- The Master is the AP aboard most vessel
• Responsible Person- Chief engineer/Chief officer/Second engineer
• Area Authority- Head of department for that work(Master/Chief Engineer/Chief
Officer/Second Engineer
• Performing Authority- Person in charge of conducting the work NOTE: cannot be the
Same person
• Registrar- OOW permits registered on the Bridge or Engine control room (In Port)
• Shipboard Safety Officer(SSO)- Must be present for all stage 2 risk assessment provide
advise on all levels of COW standards
• Isolating Authority (IA)-Responsible for the application and removal of isolations under
a (Tag in Tag Out) can be mechanical/electrical/process/control
 PERMIT TO WORK (PTW)
• Based on the finding of JHJ (Risk Assessment) appropriate control
measures will need to be put in place
• The PTW includes these control measures for the activities to be
undertaken
• In some cases you may be conducting three separate activities which
requires permits
Enclosed/ confined space entry
Working aloft
Hot work/ electrical isolation
 PERMIT TO WORK (PTW)
ENCLOSED SPACE ENTRY WORKING ALOFT/ WORKING
AT HIEGHTS

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY

This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC

 PERMIT TO WORK (PTW) RULES
• THE PERMIT MUST SPECIFY ITS VALIDITY (USUALLY A SHIFT AND NOT
EXCEED 24 HOURS)
• ONLY THE WORK SPECIFIED SHOULD BE UNDERTAKEN
• AUTORISING OFFICER TO ENSURE ALL MEASURES HAVE BEEN TAKEN
• PERSON DOING THE WORK MUST SIGN THE PERMIT
• ON COMPLETION OF THE WORK ALL PARTIES SHOULD SIGN IT AND THE
PERMIT SHOULD CLOSED
• IF THERE IS ANY CHANGE IN CIRCUMTANCES THE PERMIT SHOULD BE
CANCELLED AND NEW ONE ISSUED ON THE BASIS OF AN UPDATED
RISK ASSESSMENT
 (PRACTICE CONTROL OF WORK) BYCARRING OUT JOB HAZRAD
ANALYSIS JHJ AND COMPLETE COMPLET THE NECESSSARY PERMIT TO
WORK THAT ARE REQUIRED
HOT WORK
Enclosed Space
Proper PPE is use:
Proper lifting Do’s & Don’ts
Entering Enclosed Space Procedures
PERMIT TO WORK (Entry to enclosed Space)
ALL THE DETAILS ARE BASE ON IDESS TRAINING CENTER
https://youtu.be/sKKm5lyvGcg Procedures in Entering Enclosed Space
https://youtu.be/lclt7zoRjgY Entry in enclosed space (Exemp)
https://youtu.be/SMpkChd9DZY PPE onboard ship
https://youtu.be/mZEJbOQgxzc Working Aloft
https://youtu.be/IiGiPO_R_rU Proper Lifting procedures