SPORTS:

VOLLEYBALL
Nature and Background of Volleyball

Volleyball is a game played by two teams with six players on each team. It is
considered as the most popular team sports all over the world, wherein the players use
their hands to bat a ball back and forth over a high net. To prevent this, a player on the
opposing team bats the ball up and toward a teammate before it touches the court surface
that the teammate may then volley it back across the net or bat it to a third teammate who
volleys it across the net.

 History Volleyball was invented by William G. Morgan in 1895. He was a

physical director of the Young Men’s Christian Association (YMCA) in
Holyoke, Massachusetts. Morgan designed it as an indoor sport for
businessmen only because basketball is too vigorous for them. He called the
sport “mintonette,” until such there was a professor from Springfield College
in Massachusetts noted the volleying nature of play and proposed the name of
‘Volleyball.’ The original rules were written by Morgan and printed in the first
edition of the official Handbook of the Athletic league of the Young Men’s
Christian Association of North America (1897).
 EQUIPMENT USED IN VOLLEYBALL

1.BALL- The standard indoor volleyball is made of leather or synthetic leather, weighs
between 9 and 10 ounces and has a circumference of 25.6 to 26.4 inches.

The ball has a rubber bladder and can be one color or a combination of colors.
Synthetic leather is lighter and is fine for beginner volleyball players. Junior volleyballs for
children 12 years old and younger weigh between 7 and 8 ounces.

Ball carts are an optional piece of equipment, as they are not necessarily required for the
game to be played. However, this basic equipment piece allows you to hold all volleyball
balls in one place and easily transport them from one place to another, or simply store
them.
2.The Net and Court
The outdoor volleyball court measures 18 x 9 m, surrounded by a free zone that is
2 meters wide on all sides. The minimum playing space for U.S. volleyball competitions is 7
meters.
The volleyball net is 32 feet long by 3 feet wide. For women’s volleyball, the net
height should be 7 feet, 4 1/8 inches high. For men’s volleyball, the net height should be 7
feet, 11 5/8 inches high. U.S. regulation volleyball playing surfaces must be flat and not
present any hazards to the players in the middle or on the sides of the court.
3.Posts and Cables

The volleyball net structure is held together with metal cables and posts. Posts are placed
0.5 to 1.0 meter outside the sidelines and 2.55 meters high. Posts should be round, smooth
and padded, to prevent injury to the players should they dive or crash into them. Metal
wires and cables may need to be covered if it is determined that they present a danger to
the players.
4.Antenna and Side Bands

Antennas are flexible rods that are 1.8 meters long made of fiberglass, fastened at the
outer edge of each side band. Side bands are two white bands attached vertically to the net
and placed above each sideline
 Basic Skills in Volleyball
1. Setting means the beginning of an attack in volleyball. Initially, a setter sets the ball. After that, a
hitter carries out an attack hit. Clearly, a setter works closely with a hitter on the court during the
game.
Types of Setting
1. Underhand set
2. Overhead set
2. Passing
Passing in volleyball means you hit the ball at the upper body level. This is
usually done to direct the ball to another teammate. This teammate for the majority of
the time is the setter. You can use this move when receiving a serve from the
opposing team.
3. Serving
Serve. A serve begins each rally. A player must hit the ball with his or her
hand over the net to land inside the lines of the court. Players may serve underarm or
overarm (hardly anyone at elite level would offer an underarm serve)
Types of Serve
1.Underhand serve 2.
Overhand serve
4.Spiking
Spiking is the offensive play where a player swings the ball with their
palm sharply downwards over the net and into the opposing court, making it
difficult for the opposing team to recover the ball.
POSITIONING IN VOLLEYBALL

1. Setter- The main contributor to the offense

2. Middle blocker/Libero-Defense specialist

3. Outside hitter- The player who hits and block at the front, left side of the court

4. Opposite- an opposite hitter also known as a right side hitter, also consider the
most versatile because they can excel on offense and defense

5. Middle blocker- the back row specialist

6. Right side hitter-- The player who hits and block at the front, right side of the court


POSITIONING
 HAND SIGNALS IN VOLLEYBALL

Extend the arm to the side of the team that will

Move the hand to indicate the direction of service.
serve
Raise the forearms front and back,
and twist them around the body.
 Place the palm of one hand over the fingers of the other,
held vertically (forming a “T”),
and then indicate the requesting team
 Circular motion of the forearms around
each other.
 Show a yellow card for a warning; red card for a
penalty.
Show both cards jointly for explosion
 Show red and yellow cards separately for disqualification.
 Cross the forearms in front of the chest, hands
open.
 Lift the extended arm, the palm of the hand
facing upward.
 Raise eight fingers, spread open.
 Raise both arms vertically, palms forward.
 Make a circular motion with the forefinger .
 Point the arm and fingers toward the floor
 Raise the forearms vertically, hands open, palms
toward the body.
 Slowly lift the forearm, palm of the hand facing
upward.
 Raise two fingers, spread open.
 Raise four fingers, spread open.
 Indicate the respective side of the net.
 Place a hand above the net, palm facing
downward.
 Make a downward motion with the forearm, hand
open.
 Point to the center line or to the respective line .
 Raise both thumbs vertically.
 withthe palm of one hand the fingers of the other;
held vertically; USAV: Brush
fingers of opposite hand once over palm of vertical
hand.
 Cover the wrist with a yellow card (warning) and
with a red card (penalty).
 Point down with flag.
 Raise flag vertically.
 Raise flag and touch the top with the palm of the
free hand.
 Wave flag over the head and point to the antenna
or the respective line.
 Raise and cross both arms and hands in front of
the chest.
 Volleyball Rules
 Only 6 players on the floor at any given time: 3 in the front row and 3 in the back row.
 Points are made on every serve for the winning team of the rally (rally-point scoring).
 Players may not hit the ball twice in succession (a block is not considered a hit).
 Ball may be played off the net during a volley and on a serve.
 A ball hitting a boundary line is in.
 A ball is out if it hits an antennae, the floor completely outside the court, any of the
net or cables outside the antennae, the referee stand or pole, or the ceiling above a
non-playable area.
 It is legal to contact the ball with any part of a player’s body.
 It is illegal to catch, hold or throw the ball.
 A player cannot block or attack a serve from on or inside the 10-foot line.
 After the serve, front-line players may switch positions at the net.
 Matches are made up of sets; the number depends on level of play.
Volleyball Rule Violations
Committing any of these volleyball rule violations results in a point for the
opponent

 Stepping on or across the service line when serving while making contact with the ball.
 Failure to serve the ball over the net successfully.
 Ball-handling errors and contacting the ball illegally (double touching, lifting, carrying, throwing, etc.)
 Touching the net with any part of the body while the ball is in play.
 Blocking a ball coming from the opponent’s court and contacting the ball when reaching over the net if
your opponent has not used 3 contacts AND has a player there to make a play on the ball.
 Attacking a ball coming from the opponent’s court and contacting the ball when reaching over the net
when the ball has not yet broken the vertical plane of the net.
 Crossing the court centerline with any part of your body, with the exception of a hand or foot. It is only
considered a violation if the entire hand or entire foot crosses the court centerline.
 Serving out of rotation or out of order.
 Back row player blocking (deflecting a ball coming from the opponent) when, at the moment of contact,
the back row player is near the net and has part of their body above the top of the net. This is an illegal
block.
 Back row player attacking a ball inside the front zone (the area inside the 3M/10-foot line) when, at the
moment of contact, the ball is completely above the net. This is an illegal attack.
THANK YOU AND GODBLESS

Prepared by:

Mariel A. Marquez
Pathfit 4 instructor