THEORIES OF

LEARNING
Prepared by:
KATHERINE N. ORDIALES
BSED FILIPINO II A
 BEHAVIORAL THEORIES OF
LEARNING

• BEHAVIOR
-is a person's (or any other living
organism's) response to stimuli.

• BEHAVIORISM
-a form of social psychology that studies
behavior.
• BEHAVIORIST
- believe that behavior is shaped by our
environment - that our actions are driven by
our desires to gain rewards and avoid
punishments.

BEHAVIOR LEARNING
- is the theory that behavior can be changed
or learned through reinforcement, either
positive or negative, by the introduction of a
stimulus.
BEHAVIORIST
THEORIES

John B. Watson
- He was an American psychologist, is known for
establishing the first theory on behaviorism. He believed
that organisms could be trained to do anything their
trainer wanted them to do; their behavior was
dependent on the type of reinforcement they
experienced.

- Watson proved his theory through his 'Little Albert

Experiment.'

-Although Watson is known as establishing the first

theory on behaviorism, he modeled his work after the
work that Russian psychologist Ivan Pavlov was
conducting.
- Pavlov was awarded the 1904 Nobel
Prize in Psychology for his work on the
theory of classical conditioning.

-Classical conditioning is a technique used

in behavioral training in which organisms
can be trained to evoke a learned
behavior in the presence of a stimulus.
 B.F. SKINNER OPERANT
CONDITIONING THEORY

Operant conditioning (also called

instrumental conditioning) is a type of
associative learning process through which
the strength of a behavior is modified by
reinforcement or punishment. It is also a
procedure that is used to bring about such
learning.
• Although operant and classical conditioning
both involve behaviors controlled by
environmental stimuli, they differ in nature.

•In operant conditioning, behavior is controlled

by external stimuli. Operant behavior is said to
be "voluntary".

•In contrast, classical conditioning involves

involuntary behavior based on the pairing of
stimuli with biologically significant events.
B.F. SKINNER
 • B.F. Skinner (1904–1990) is referred to as
the Father of operant conditioning, and his
work is frequently cited in connection with
this topic.

•His 1938 book "The Behavior of Organisms:

An Experimental Analysis",[6] initiated his
lifelong study of operant conditioning and its
application to human and animal behavior.
 • Skinner believed that classical
conditioning was too simplistic to be
used to describe something as
complex as human behavior.
Operant conditioning, in his opinion,
better described human behavior as
it examined causes and effects of
intentional behavior.