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CLASSIFICATION
Brian Jay A. Codilla
Plant Classification.
In order to study the billions of different
organisms living on Earth, scientists have sorted
and classified them based on their similarities and
differences.
This system of classification is also called
taxonomy and usually features both English and
Latin names for different divisions.
It is always best to specify the exact plant you
want by the scientific name.
It is also important for people in the commercial
plant and nursery business to know both scientific
and common names as they become confusing.
Theophrastus 370-285 B.C.
He was a Greek philosopher and naturalist and is
often called the "Father of Botany."
He was a pupil of Aristotle and was the first person
to publish a classification of plants.
Classified plants based on form
Herbs, shrubs, trees
Annuals, perennials, biennials
Carolus Linnaeus 1707-1778
Linnaeus was the first person to
propose an orderly system for
classifying organisms.
He developed the Binomial
System of Naming Plants in
1753
Bi= 2
Nomial= name
(ferns, horsetails,
clubmosses)
Seed-Bearing Vascular
Plants
Gymnosperms arose first
Gymnosperms are the seed-producing
plants, but unlike angiosperms, they
produce seeds without fruits.
Cycads
Ginkgos
Gnetophytes
Conifers
Seed-Bearing Vascular
Plants
Angiosperms arose later
Monocots (seeds which create 1
leaf when sprouting )
Dicots (seeds which create 2
leaves when sprouting)
Class
Over 235,00 species
Plants are divided into two types of classes
Angiospermae (angiosperms)- plants which produce flowers
Gymnospermae (gymnosperms)- plants which don’t produce
flowers
Subclass
Dicotyledonae (dicotyledons/dicots)– plants with two seed leaves
seed leaf
Order
A group of related plant families, classified
in the order in which they are thought to
have developed their differences from a
common ancestor.
Vegetative Structures
Reproductive Structures
Over 18,000 species
Names of orders end in ales
Family
Each order is divided into families
These are plants with many botanical features in common.
Vegetative and Reproductive Structures used.
Related plants with similar flower parts are grouped together.
The Rose Family, Rosaceae, consists of plums, apples, strawberries
because they all have similar flower structures.
The names of families end in –aceae
Over3,500 species
Genus
This is the part of the plant name that is most
familiar, the normal name that you give a
plant- Papaver (Poppy).
This is the plants group name
All plants having the same generic name are
said to belong to the same Genus and have
similar characteristics and are closely
related.
The name of the Genus should be written
with a capital letter.
Over 500 species
Examples of plant Genus
Genus
Acer- all maples
Kingdom Plantae
Phylum Spermatophyta
Class Angiospermae
Sub-Class Monocotyledonae
Family Gramine
Genus Zea
Specie Mays
Herbarium
A herbarium is a storehouse of plant
specimens which are collected, dried and
mounted on handmade paper sheets. They
will be arranged in plant families with the
help of recognized system of classification
and kept in pigeon holes of steel or
wooden cup boards and maintained
carefully for current and future studies.
Herbarium
Regional Herbaria
The herbaria of particular region or place e.g. Herbarium of
Arid Zone Circle, Jodhpur
Botanical Garden